JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

ANANTAPUR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING KALKIRI

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

Seminar topic on

SURGE CURRENT PROTECTION USING SUPERCONDUCTOR

Under the guidance of Submitted by

Mrs.M.MEHETAJ, M.Tech B.VYSHNAVI
Assistant professor (Adhoc) 18KA1A0246
CONTENT
S
• Objective
• Introduction
• Working Principle
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Conclusion
• Future Scope
• References
OBJECTIVE

Modern power systems are growing fast with most complex electrical equipment’s in the
system .The installation , running and maintenance cost of the power system equipment’s are more.
Whenever a fault occurs ,there is a need for the protection of these systems because the
equipment’s used in this power system are more expensive . It explains the use of superconductor
as protective device for surge current protection .
 INTRODUCTION

SURGE CURRENT :
 The maximum instantaneous input current drawn by an electrical device when it is turned ON , is
defined as surge current.

 It is also known as inrush current or input surge current or switch on surge.

 Inrush current can be high as 100 times the normal steady state current.

 Surges are produced by various events such as equipment faults , lightning discharges , capacitor bank
building and load switching.
 SUPERCONDUCTOR :
 Metallic elements , alloy or compounds that will conduct electricity without resistance
below a certain temperature , is called a superconductor.

 The dutch physicist ‘HEIKE KAMERLINGH ONNES’ of leiden university was the first person
to observe superconductivity in mercury

 Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance that apply in

certain materials when cooled below critical temperature.

 Superconductors are extraordinary because they take no energy to current flow . So no

energy is lost to friction to sustain the current
 NEED OF SURGE CURRENT
PROTECTION

 High inrush current can effect the electrical systems by tripping fuses and circuit breakers
unnecessarily.
 If inrush current is not in place , relays and circuit breakers must be rated higher than any
possible inrush current.
 This surge current can cause components damage and/or failure within the equipment
itself ,blown fuses , tripped circuit breakers.
 Inrush current can also cause pitted contacts on switches and relays due to arcing of the contacts.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
 The phenomenon of exclusion of magnetic flux or ejection of lines of magnetic induction
from the interior of bulk superconductors , when they are below the transition temperature is
called Meissner’s effect.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
 Superconductors have electronic and magnetic properties . That is , they have negative
susceptibility , and acquire a polarization OPPOSITE to an applied magnetic field . This is the
reason that superconducting materials and magnets repel one another.
 If the temperature increases the sample will lose its superconductivity and the magnet cannot
flow on the superconductor
 HOW DOES IT
WORKS

 Superconductor SPD or SCL prevents the current from exceeding a given value.
 It presents a negligible impedance for normal current value
 It naturally and automatically inserts a high impedance above a given current.
 Superconductor SPD’S impedance disappears automatically after the surge clearance and a
certain delay.
ADVANTAGES

 Safety and reliability.

 Good power quality.
 Cost of circuit breakers and fuses can be reduced.
 Life of transformers extended.
DISADVANTAGES

 Superconducting materials superconduct only when they kept below a given temperature called
the transition temperature.
 High melting and boiling points.
FUTURE PLAN
 Tepco will develop a three phase limiter over the next three to four years and test it in the grid
within this century.
 The current plan is to introduce solid state breakers for distribution before installing
superconductive fault current limiter,
CONCLUSION
 The purpose of this presentation was the study of surge current protection using superconductors.
The superconductor fault current limiters offers efficient advantages to power systems and opens
up a major application for superconducting materials.
 Surge suppressors should be used as a mailer of habit with all semiconductor based electronic
and hardware including peripherals such as printers monitors , external disk drivers and others.
REFERENCES

 IEEE TRANSACTION ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

 HTTP://WWW.SCRIBD.COM/DOC/115890153/SURGE-CURRENT-PROTECTION-USING-
SUPERCONDUCTORS
 HTTP://JNTUHOME.COM/SURGE-CURRENT-PROTECTION-USING-SUPERCONDUCTORS-
SEMINARDOWNLOAD-FULL-PAPER-EEE-SEMINAR-TOPICS/
 HTTP://KGURU.INFO/T-SURGE-CURRENT-PROTECTION-USING-SUPERCONDUCTORS-PPT--
55999
 HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/SURGE_PROTECTOR

 HTTP://WWW.EDABOARD.COM/THREAD126937.HTML