DXT SN Erra Fazira

Jururawat Terlatih U29

Jabatan Kecemasan, HAT Wilayah Kota Kinabalu
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 WHAT IS DXT
• Glucometer
• is a medical device which measures the concentration of sugar (glucose) in human blood
• is an equipment for home blood glucose monitoring (HBGM).
 Why you need to test blood sugar?

 to measure how much glucose (a type of sugar) is in the blood 

 Monitor the effect of diabetes medications on blood sugar levels
 Identify blood sugar levels that are high or low
 Track your progress in reaching your overall treatment goals.
 Procedure To Measure Blood Glucose

• Equipment
 Glucometer
 test strips
 alcohol swab and lancet.
 Make sure the glucometer
has working batteries installed
and on a in flat surface

Glucometer; test strips, alcohol swab and lancet. Make sure the glucometer has working batteries insta
Procedure To Measure Blood Glucose
• Open the bottle of test strips and Insert the new strip into the unit
• Make sure calibration code on the strip appeared the same as in the glucometer
• Wash your hands or use an alcohol swab to clean your finger. If you are using alcohol, let
it dry before you prick your finger
• Use a new lancet to prick the side of a fingertip which is less painful
• Turn on the glucometer (some model will start automatically once test strip inserted in).
• Put a little drop of blood on a test strip (Please refer to respective glucometer manual
provided for the quantity of blood needed)
• The glucometer reads your blood sugar level in seconds
 Glucometer Tips & Warnings
 Always keep extra batteries, test strips and other supplies.
 A biohazard container can be obtained from your pharmacy to dispose used lancets and test strips
 Warm up the hands before using the lancet to make the prick hurt a little less and to create a better
blood flow.
 After pricking and obtaining the blood, apply pressure on the wound with a paper towel / a tissue /
dry cotton to stop the flow.
 Alternating fingers for multiple tests prevents the tips of the fingers from becoming sore.
• Lancets are meant for single use only.
 What Is The Meaning Of Blood Glucose Levels?

• Blood glucose is obtained mainly from food sources

• which provides the brain and body with its main source of energy
• However, blood glucose concentrations may drop or elevated due to failure of blood
glucose regulation in the body
  Levels
Normal
         Fasting (before food) 4.0 – 6.0 mmol/l
         Random 4.4 – 8.0 mmol/l
Abnormal
         Hyperglycemia >11.1 mmol/l
         Hypoglycemia <2.8 mmol/l
 HYPERGLYCEMIA
• Blood glucose levels indicate when
there is too much glucose circulating
through your blood
• Hyperglycemia may be caused by
pregnancy, kidney disease, liver
disease or an inflamed pancreas.
 HYPOGLYCEMIA
• when there is too little blood
• Hypoglycemia may be
attributed to problems with
the thyroid(high metabolism)
or adrenal glands. It may also
show that you’re not
consuming enough food.
 Accuracy Of The Glucometer

• Battery: Low battery may cause unreliable blood-glucose readings.

• Control solution: expiration date or contaminated via a cracked bottle or storage without
the cap secured
 Calibration: Accuracy is dependent on calibration done. Incorrect coded meter can be
dangerous for home blood glucometer users as this may increase risk of hypoglycemia.
 Test Strips: Test strips contain chemical which react with the blood and measure the
blood glucose. Place in suitable temperature recommended and do not use beyond expiry
date.
Factor That Interfere With Blood Glucose Reading

 Expired or faulty test strips are used,
 Dirty glucometer or contaminated with
blood
 Patient is in shock,
 Over-squeezed the finger in attempt to
get blood
 Insufficient blood sample
 Incomplete insertion of the test strip
 Patient has high haemoglobin
(polycythemia)
 Contaminated blood sample /glucose
meter
 Expired or faulty test strips,
 A dehydrated or anemic patient
 Blood sample site other than the
fingertips.
THE END. ANY QUESTION?
 THANK YOU
HAVE A NICE DAY &
SELAMAT BERPUASA
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