Seminar on POLYTRONICS

By
Ashok . Divi
188X1A0415
4th B.Tech, Dept. of ECE
CONTENTS
Introduction ….
What is polytronics ….
Need of polytronics ….
What is a polymer ….
History of polytronics ….
How does a polymer conducts ….
Printed Electronic Methods ….
Applications ….
Example ….
Advantages v/s disadvantages of Polymer Electronics ….
Conclusion….
Video….
References…….
 INTRODUCTION

With the invention…transistors …early half of the nineteenth century, the field of
electronics…innumerable changes…tremendous impact on the life of the
common man. Be it education, entertainment or healthcare, there is possibly no
field where electronics has not made an impact.
The entire concept of electronics is based…study of materials called semi-
conductors.
Silicon is one such material…widely used…manufacture of electronic circuits.
However the use of silicon has various disadvantages…led researchers and
scientists all over the world…look for other alternatives.
For long, it was believed plastics were materials with poor conductivity.
Researchers…proved that when plastics are combined with other substances in
proper chemical compositions they can behave as good conductors of electricity.
 WHAT IS POLYTRONICS ?

Polymer electronics
Influence of plastic in electronics

All-new field in which plastics or ‘conjugated polymers’ are exclusively used in the
manufacture of electronic products.

Emerging technology…focuses…development of electronic devices

incorporating ..electrically conductive and semi conductive organic materials,
especially organic polymers.

Offers the prospect…advanced electronics platform using new materials, processes

& electronic devices.
 Why How
NEED OF POLYTRONICS… When

The widespread use of silicon…electronic goods…large number of

disadvantages some are,
 Production of silicon embedded circuits involves a huge investment.
 These circuits also consume more power.
 Moreover since silicon chips are not flexible, the products,
which..use, are not easily portable.

By using polytronics these limitations can overcome.

 Polytronic devices…manufactured at a fraction of the cost involved in

making conventional chips.
 Also Polytronics seems to be the best answer to the growing manage of
electronic wastes.
WHAT IS A POLYMER
(poly- ’many’) + (mer- ’parts’)

Large molecule/macromolecule, composed…many repeated subunits.

Because…broad range of properties both synthetic & natural polymers play an essential and ubiquitous role…
everyday life.

Formed because…double and triple bonds between monomer to form a rigid structure and unique chemical &
physical characteristics.

Organic polymers…chains of carbon atoms combined with hydrogen atoms.

It is a conjugated chain comprise…alternating single and double bonds between the carbon atoms.
HISTORY
Hermann Staudinger in the year 1920, was first to propose the concept, the
sense we use today
It led to the Nobel prize in 1953 for his work which is at the base of all science
of macromolecules.
PRINTED ELECTRONICS METHODS
Flexo printing: A high pressure method that is especially well applicable to print on
plastic substrates.

Offset printing: A flat printing technique that makes a high resolution possible.

Gravure printing: A low pressure printing method that makes high volumes and the use
of organic dissolvent possible.

Rotary screen printing: A method that allows to print in thick layers.

HOW DOES A POLYMER CONDUCT
…Working

By simply obeying ohm’s law.

Ohm’s law define conductivity in polymers & ceramics as Free flow of ions/e-s.
APPLICATIONS
EXAMPLE-OFET
The basis…logic circuit is a transistor, which is the element that controls
electrical currents by turning on & off.
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
POLYMER ELECTRONICS
ADVANTAGES
Manufacture is relative
simple and inexpensive
equipment at low cost.
Light weighted and flexible,
very durable under stress and
flex can be easily applied over a
large surface area.
Freedom of choice of their
chemical composition
Adaptable in various ways
because of printing methods that
can be adjusted to current
requirements quickly (printed
electronics).
 DISADVANTAGES
Due to their intrinsic physical
properties (i.e. limited mobility
of charge carriers), the
performance of polymer
electronic products lacks the
speed of its silicon counterpart.
Research is still on going to
increase performance for more
complex functionality.
To be able to improve
performance one should be able
to distinguish between problems
introduced during preparation,
intrinsic material properties, and
device characteristics
CONCLUSION
With efficient use and reuse…electronic waste.

Products are built…sub stream of the society, to build a better society in which
each and every individual has access to the features that it has to offer.

In short…field that offers tremendous opportunities for young and budding

engineers, field that is going to revolutionize the way in which we live.

I would again like to emphasize the fact that Polytronics is the next BIG
THING.
VIDEO
 REFERENCES…….

http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/112108150/pdf/We
b_Pages/WEBP_M14.pdf

http://www.theage.com/au-technology

www.plastics.org

http://www.AmericanPlasticsCouncil.org

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.js
p?punumber=10642

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=bUq0NOSbhrI