Good afternoon!

LET’S PRAY!
ATTENDANCE!
LET’S RECALL!
MOTIVATION!
“ 4 PICS, 1 WORD “
WRITING
INFORMATIVE WRITING
PERSUASIVE WRITING
ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING
Good afternoon!
MODULE V:

INFORMATIVE, PERSUASIVE, AND

ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING TECHNIQUES
 OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this chapter, the students are expected to:

 Identify the different writing techniques.

 Appreciate the techniques in developing an effective essay.

 Use variety of informative, persuasive and argumentative writing

techniques through an essay.

 LESSON OUTLINE
Informative Writing Persuasive Writing
Techniques Techniques

Argumentative Writing
Techniques
 how to write
AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY
HOW TO WRITE YOUR INFORMATIVE ESSAY: THE EASY WAY

 An informative/explanatory essay educates a reader about a

topic. When you are given 3 texts to read, make sure all three
of the texts are mentioned in your essay. If one of your sources
is a map, picture or a chart, mention it in your essay!
Remember! USE THIRD PERSON ONLY. Do not use you, me, we,
or I! Do not begin your essay with a question!
 PARTS OF AN INFORMATIVE ESSAY (I + MD +
C)
I = Introduce the topic using words from the
1st Paragraph prompt. Then write a thesis statement that controls INTRODUCTION
all the main ideas you want to write about.

2nd Paragraph MI =1st Main Idea sentence: Begin with First.

D = Details; Use text evidence to prove your point .

3rd Paragraph MI = 2nd Main Idea sentence: Begin with: In addition.

D = Details; Use text evidence to prove your point. BODY
4 Paragraph
th MI = 3rd Main Idea sentence: Begin with: Finally.
D = Details; Use text evidence to prove your point.

5th Paragraph CONCLUSION

C = Conclusion; Restate the thesis statement. Begin with: In conclusion.
Wrap up the essay.
 RACES METHOD

Restate the question by turning it into a statement.

Answer the question.
Cite textual evidence
Explain your answer
Summarize
 how to write

A PERSUASIVE ESSAY
PERSUASIVE WRITING TECHNIQUES
 We use persuasive language to convince others to agree with our facts,
share our values, accept our argument and conclusion, and adopt our way
of thinking. There are many ways to persuade people. Here are some of
the more common:
 APPEALS: ONE PERSUASIVE TECHNIQUE
IS APPEALING TO THE AUDIENCE’S:
 Emotions
 Fears
 Desire to seem intelligent
 Need to protect their family
 Desire to fit in, to be accepted, to be loved
 Desire to be an individual
 Desire to follow a tradition
 Desire to be wealthy or save money
 Desire to be healthy
 Desire to look good
 Desire to protect animals and the environment
 Pride in our country
 EVIDENCE EXAMPLE:
EVIDENCE: Using evidence is very  Statistics
persuasive as it makes the reader  Expert opinions
see the author as knowledgeable  Research findings
and the argument as more logical
 Anecdotal evidence
or reliable.
 ATTACKS
ATTACKS on opposing view, or the people
who hold them can persuade the audience by
EXAMPLE:
portraying views and beliefs which are
contrary to the author’s contention as Town Hall? Clown Hall
( if we consider the Mayor’s latest comment.’)
foolish, dangerous, uncaring or deceitful.
Using humor to make fun of these views can
be particularly persuasive. Note: can offend
and alienate audience if overdone.
 INCLUSIVE LANGUAGE
AND EXCLUSIVE
LANGUAGE
Inclusive language such as ‘we’, ‘our’, ‘us’ EXAMPLE:
and exclusive language such as “them” ‘People like you and me don’t
can persuade by including the reader, or want to see this happen’.
by creating a sense of solidarity or a
sense of responsibility.
RHETORICAL QUESTIONS
RHETORICAL QUESTIONS are questions that
EXAMPLE:
do not require and answer and are asked for
Do we want children
effect only. They engage the audience and
growing up in a world
encourage them to consider the issue and
where they are threatened
accept the author’s answer or imply that the
with violence on every
answer is so obvious that anyone who
street corner?
disagrees is foolish.
 CAUSE AND EFFECT

CAUSE AND EFFECT: arguments may claim there is a

cause and effect relationship when there is just a
relationship and other factors should be considered.
   EXAMPLE:
CONNOTATIONS 1. ‘Kill’ and ‘Slaughter’ both mean the
The connotation is the emotional same thing, but the word ‘slaughter’

meaning associated with the word. has a different connotation to ‘kill’,

as it causes the audience to imagine
that the act was particularly
Persuasive authors often choose
horrific.
their words carefully so that the
connotation suits their purpose. 2. ‘Health issue’ vs ‘health crisis’.

3. ‘Terrorist’ vs ‘freedom fighter’.

 ANALOGY
EXAMPLE:
Analogy is a form of reasoning  
School is like a prison and students
which compares one thing
are like prisoners.
with another in order to make
a particular point.
 GENERALIZATIONS EXAMPLE:
Make sweeping statements about a
A store manager might see one
whole group, based on only one or two
or two teenagers shoplifting
members of that group. These can be
and write a letter to the editor
persuasive if the audience believes the
claiming all teenagers steal and
generalization is appropriate but can
can’t be trusted.
undermine argument if they do not.
 HUMOR
Humor, such as puns, irony, sarcasm, EXAMPLE:
satire and jokes can be persuasive ‘Totally ArtRage’ as a pun on
by dismissing opposing views, ‘Totally Outraged’ when talking
providing a more engaging and about controversial art.

friendly tone, and sway an audience

by having them enter into the joke.
 JARGON
JARGON: By using specialized
terms, the author can persuade
the audience that they are an
expert.
EXAMPLE:
When announcing a
recession whilst trying to
save face a politician may
call it ‘period of economic
adjustment’ or ‘interruption
of economic expansion.
 FORMAL LANGUAGE EXAMPLE:
‘If we consider the situation in
Formal language can make the
emergency wards, with
author sound knowledgeable while
increasingly low staff retention
removing emotion from the issue. rates, there are concerns about
This can make the argument sound the capacity of hospitals to
reasonable and rational, and the maintain adequate doctor to
contention seem balanced. patient ratios.
COLLOQUIAL LANGUAGE
Colloquial language is informal, every day,
EXAMPLE:
conversational language that includes
down to earth views and is seductive “That totally grossed me out” vs.
because it appears friendly and can make “That really disgusted me.”

the audience feel that the author is on the

same wavelength as them.
 REPETITION
By repeating letters, words and
phrases the author can reinforce
an argument and ensure that the
point of view being made stays in
an audience’s mind.
EXAMPLE:
Now is the time to make real the
promises of democracy. Now is the time
to rise from the dark and desolate
valley of segregation to the sunlit path
of racial justice. Now /5 the time to lift
our nation from the quick sands of
racial injustice to the solid rock of
brotherhood. Now is the time to make
justice a reality for all of God’s children.
 HYPERBOLE
The use of hyperbole emphasizes
EXAMPLE:
points by exaggerating. It can be
Every weekend the city is
used to mock opposing opinions,
overrun by beggars.
as a shock tactics technique, or
an appeal to fears.
 ALLITERATION AND
ASSONANCE EXAMPLE:
The repetition of initial consonant
sounds (alliteration) or vowel Sydney’s slippery slide
(alliteration)
sounds (assonance) adds emphasis
to major points and makes them The elite meet and greet
(assonance)
more memorable.
 IMAGERY AND FIGURATIVE
LANGUAGE EXAMPLE:
Use of figurative language, metaphor
and simile can paint a word picture for  Australia is a fabric woven of
audience, making the point visually and many colors (metaphor)

by comparison, or appeal to emotions.  Citizenship was thrown around

They can also make the author appear like confetti (simile)

sophisticated or well spoken.

 DON’T FORGET

 Add an interesting question or an anecdote for the

introduction.

 Use appropriate figures of speech to strengthen your appeal.

 Use reasons and examples as support.

 Revise and polish your work.

 how to write
AN ARGUMENTATIVE
ESSAY
Argumentative essays should have a
straightforward structure so they are
easy for readers to follow. The goal of
an argumentative essay is to clearly
outline a point of view, reasoning, and
evidence. A good argumentative essay
should follow this structure:
1. Introductory paragraph. The first
paragraph of your essay should outline
the topic, provide background
information necessary to understand
your argument, outline the evidence
you will present and states your thesis.
2. The thesis statement. This is
part of your first paragraph. It
is a concise, one-sentence
summary of your main point
and claim.
3. Body paragraphs. A typical argumentative essay comprises three or more
paragraphs that explain the reasons why you support your thesis. Each body
paragraph should cover a different idea or piece of evidence and contain a topic
sentence that clearly and concisely explains why the reader should agree with your
position.
Body paragraphs are where you back up your claims
with examples, research, statistics, studies, and text citations. Address opposing
points of view and disprove them or explain why you disagree with them. Presenting
facts and considering a topic from every angle adds credibility and will help you gain
a reader’s trust.
4. Conclusion. One paragraph that
restates your thesis and summarizes all
of the arguments made in your body
paragraphs. Rather than introducing new
facts or more arguments, a good
conclusion will appeal to a reader’s
emotions. In some cases, writers will use
a personal anecdote explaining how the
topic personally affects them.
 CONCEPT DIGEST

 Informative writing educates the readers by imparting straightforward

information.

 Persuasive text/essay builds arguments on opinions and factual statements.

 The main objective of an argumentative text/essay is to change the readers mind

by convincing him or her to agree with your point of view or consider your stand

or argument on an issue.
 Do you have any questions?

END OF PRESENTATION!
IT’S QUIZ TIME!
w w w. k a h o o t . c o m
LET’S ANSWER THIS
QUESTIONS!
 WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS TOPIC IN
YOUR OWN LIFE?

 AS A STUDENT, HOW WRITING TECHNIQUES

HELP YOU?
Thank you for
Listening!
LET’S PRAY!
IMAGES: Images can also be used to persuade the reader, either
independently or used with an article.
Consider: Context: What is the issue?
Content: What is in the image? What is in the foreground and the
background? What symbols or text is used? What colors are used?
Target: Who/ what is the visual directed at?
Message: What is the artist’s message or contention? How does the
content of the image persuade the reader to accept this contention?