#132,AECS Layout ,IT Park Road Kundalahalli , Bengaluru 560037``

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CMR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON
ADVANCE TECHNOLOGIES IN DRIP IRRIGATION

Presented By
 DEEPAKSINGH D RAJPUT
1CR19CV413

Under guidance of  
Prof.Ravikanth
Associate professor
Department of civil engineering
CMR Institute of technology, Bangalore
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CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS DRIP IRRIGATION ?
 NEED OF DRIP IRRIGATION
 COMPONENTS OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
 TYPICAL LAYOUT OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
 ADVANTAGES
 REFERENCES
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Introduction

 Also known as trickle irrigation or micro irrigation

 To apply sufficient moisture to the root of the crops-prevent water
stress
 A major difference between drip system and most other system is that
the balance between crop evapotranspiration and applied water
 India is the 2nd largest country adopting this technology
 India stands 27th in terms of degree of adoption of water saving and
yield enhancing micro-irrigation device.
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WHAT IS DRIP IRRIGATION ?
 In this system, water is supplied directly to the soil near the roots
of the plants through a special outlet device called an emitter or
dripper
 Water is supplied drop by drop at very slow rate 2-10ltr/h
 The water supplied near the root zone spread laterally as well as
vertically due to capillary action in the soil.
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WHY IS THE NEED OF IT ?
 To use water sufficiently
 No water to runoff or evaporation
 It reduces water contact with crop leaves, stem and fruits
 Agricultural chemicals can be supplied more efficiently
 Reduces weed growth and facilitated management of farm activities in
the field due to localized soil wetting
 Irrigation can be stopped at any moment (if rains occurs ) which
prevents overirrigation.
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Drip irrigation is use full for crops like…
 Banana
 Pomegranate
 Grapes
 orange
 Pineapple
 Cabbage
 Cauliflower
 Brinjal etc….
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MAIN COMPONENTS OF DRIP IRRIGATION
 Water Source
 Pumping system
 Distribution system
 Injectors
 Filtration system
 Drip tubes
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PUMPING SYSTEM
 Common water source for drip irrigation are wells, borewell….
 The role of pumping system is to move water from the water source to the
distribution system
 Pumping system can be classified as electric powered system, gas diesel
powered system
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 11
 The role of the distribution system is to convey the water from the
source to the field
 Distribution system may be above ground or underground
 Pipes are most commonly made of PVC or Polyethylene plastics
 Aluminium pipes are also available, but are more difficult to
coustomize,cut and repair
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DRIP TUBE
 The drip-irrigation system delivers water to each plant through a thin
polyethylene tubes with regularly spaced small wholes
 In the field, drip-irrigation pipes should be installed with emitters upward
to prevent clogging.
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INJECTORS
 Injectors allow the introduction of fertilizer, chemicals and
maintainanace products into the irrigation system
 The most common injectors used with small drip irrigation
systems is the venturi injector
 Because venturi injectors involve no moving parts and are
less expensive, they are used commonly on small forms.
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FILTRATION SYSTEM
 Filtration system removes large solid particles in suspension in the
water
 Usage of type of filter is based on the type of particles in the water
 Rapid clogging may occur when no filter is used
 A drip-irrigation system should never be operated with out a filter
even if the filter requires clogged drip tape emitters, often resulting
in poor uniformity and some times in crop loss
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TYPES OF DRIP IRRIGATION
 SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION
In this water is applied directly to the soil surface
 SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION
In this water is applied below the soil surface
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ADVANTAGES OF DRIP IRRIGATION
 Maximum use of available water
 No water being available to weed
 Maximum crop yield
 High efficiency in the use of filters
 Low labour and relatively low operation cost
 No soil erosion
 No runoff of fertilizers into ground water
 Less evaporation losses of water as compared to surface irrigation
 CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN DRIP 18
IRRIGATION
 MICRO –SPRAY HEADS

Drip irrigation may also use devices called micro-spray heads ,which spray
water in a small area ,instead of dripping emitters .these are generally used on
tree and vine crops with wide root zones .
 SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION

Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) uses permanently or temporarily buried

dripper line or drip tape located at or below the plant roots .it is becoming
popular for row crops irrigation ,especially in areas where water supplies are
limited ,or recycled water is used for irrigation
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 This system uses low pressure pumps ,P C Drippers, to maintain a
constant flow rate to plant both beginning and end of the pipe.
 This PC Drippers require less pumping power ,further lowering energy
cost and making solar powered irrigation a feasible solution.
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REFERENCES
• Ahuja, Usha, Ram Singh, P.K.Joshi and Neelu Nanwani. 2012.
Micro Irrigation: Economics and Outreach in Haryana. INCID. 1994.
Drip Irrigation in India.
• Effects of surface and subsurface drip irrigation regimes with saline
water on yield and water use efficiency of potato in arid conditions
of Tunisia, Fathia El Mokh , Kamel Nagaz , Mohamed Masmoudi ,
Netij Ben Mechlia , Journal of Agriculture and Environment for
International Development. 2014;108(2):227-246
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