HEAT TRANSFER AND

THERMAL PERFORMANCE
OF WALL & ROOF
SUBMITTED BY
DARSHINI.M
 HEAT TRANSFER
- is the process of transfer of heat from high
temperature reservoir to low temperature
reservoir.
When there is no heat difference then HEAT
TRANSFER cannot take place.
 CONDUCTION
is the transfer of heat
internal energy by
microscopic
collisions of particles
and movement of
electrons within a
body.
 Why is conduction easier in solids and liquids?
Atoms and molecules
are closer together in
solids and liquids. So,
the particles need to
move only a short
distance before they
bump into one another
and transfer energy.
 CONDUCTION
• Substances that transfer thermal energy very well
are called Conductors.

• Substances that do not transfer thermal energy very

well are called Insulators.
 CONDUCTION
Example:

Heat will transfer from a hot burner on the

stove into a pot or pan.
 CONVECTION
- is the process of heat
transfer from one location to
the next by the movement of
fluids. The moving fluid
carries energy with it. The
fluid flows from a high
temperature location to a
low temperature location.
 CONVECTION
Examples:

Hot air rising,

cooling, and falling
(convection currents)
RADIATION
• Radiation is heat transfer
through space by
electromagnetic waves

• Unlike Conduction and

Convection, Radiation can
occur in empty space,
as well as in solids, liquids, and
gases.
 RADIATION
Waves such as visible light,
infrared, and ultraviolet light are
examples of radiation
 RADIATION
Examples:
Heat from the sun warming your face
Heat from a light bulb
Heat from a fire
 EVAPORATION
• Evaporation generally refers to the removal of water by
vaporization from aqueous solutions of non volatile
substances. It takes place continuously at all
temperatures and increases as the temperature is raised.
Increase in the wind speed also causes increased rates of
evaporation. The latent heat required for vaporization is
taken up partly from the surroundings and partly from
the liquid itself. Evaporation thus causes cooling.
 HEAT LOSS OF A BUILDING
• According to the second law of thermodynamics, heat transfer is only possible in the
direction from a higher temperatures to a lower one. It becomes zero if temperature
are equal.
• Heat transfer through envelope components is complex and dynamic. The direction
and magnitude of heat flow are affected by solar gains from the sun, outdoor
temperature , indoor temperature,and exposed surface area. Building envelope
components have three important characteristics that affect their thermal
performance: their U factor or thermal resistance; their thermal mass or ability to
store heat, measured as heat capacity(Hc); and their exterior surface condition/finish
(for ex, are they light in color to reflect the sun or dark to absorb solar heat)