Service

Training
Bobcat loader
®

S175 S/N 517625001 & ABOVE

S175 S/N 518115001 & ABOVE
S185 S/N 519028001 & ABOVE
S185 S/N 519215001 & ABOVE
Engine

Service training 1 01-2003

 ENGINE SPECIFICATION S175

Manufacturer Kubota
Type V2203-B
Horse power 34 KW
Low idle 1125 to 1175 RPM
High idle 2860 to 3000
Displacement 2200 cc
Bore/stroke 87/92,4 mm
Engine oil pressure 3 to 4,5 bar
firing order 1-3-4-2
Engine timing 17 to 19° B.T.D.C
Location of the timing marks flywheel sight hole
Crankshaft rotation clockwise
Compression 28 to 32 bar
Valve tappet clearance 0,20 mm in/out
Radiator cap pressure 0,88 bar
Thermostat fully open at 85°C
Glow plug resistance 1 to 2 ohms
Injector opening pressure 137 to 147 bar
ENGINE SPECIFICATION S185

Manufacturer Kubota
Type V-2003T-EB (turbo)
Horse power 42 KW
Low idler 1195 to 1245 RPM
High idler 2860 to 3000 RPM
Displacement 2000 cc
Bore/stroke 83/92,4 mm
Engine oil pressure 3 to 4,5 bar
Firing order 1-3-4-2
Engine timing 17 to 19° B.T.D.C
Location of the timing marks flywheel sight hole
Crankshaft rotation clockwise
Compression 28 to 30 bar
Valve tappet clearance, in/out 02 mm
Radiator cap pressure 0,88 bar
Thermostat fully open at 85°C
Glow plug resistance 0,1 to 2 ohms
Injector opening pressure 137 to 147 bar

Service training 2 08-2003

 ENGINE SECTIONNAL VIEW (V- 2203 )

1 2 3 4 5 6

10
19

11
18

12

17

13
16
14
15

01) Water pump 11) Crankshaft

02) Thermostat housing 12) Flywheel
03) Cylinder head cover 13) Oil sump
04) Injection tube lines 14) Oil strainer
05) Oil filler plug 15) Distribution cover
06) valves 16) Oil pump
07) Cylinder head 17) Front pulley
08) Cylinder 18) distribution gear
09) Piston 19) Water pump V belt
10) Connecting rod

Service training 3 01-2003

 ENGINE SECTIONNAL VIEW (V- 2203 )
2 1
4 3
21

20
6

7
19

18
9

10

11

12 17

13
14 16

15

01) Oil filler plug
02) Valves
03) Glow plugs
04) Injectors
05) Inlet manifold
06) Injection pump
07) Fuel bleeder
08) Engine governor 15) Oil suction pipe
09) Fuel lift pump 16) Oil drain plug
10) Fuel pump camshaft 17) Oil sump
11) Piston 18) Starter
12) Oil dipstick 19) Camshaft
13) Connecting rods 20) Exhaust manifold
14) Crankshaft 21) Cylinder head cover

Service training 4 01-2003

 ENGINE OIL CIRCUIT
2 18
1 3 17

16
4

5 15

14
6
12

8
11

10
13
9

01) Rocker arm 10) Relief valve

02) Pressure sender 11) Oil filter
03) Rocker arm shaft 12) Connecting rod
04) Valves 13) Oil sump
05) Timing gear 14) Piston
06) Timing gear 15) Injection pump
07) Crankshaft 16) Camshaft
08) Oil pump 17) Valve tappets
09) Oil suction pipe 18) Pushing rods

Service training 5 01-2003

 COOLANT SYSTEM, PRESSURIZED FORCED CIRCULATION TYPE

2
1

4
3

The water pump circulates the coolant through the system. The engine uses a centrifugal
type and is driven by the crankshaft via a fan belt. It is composed of a pump body (2), an
impeller (4), a mechanical seal (3) and a bearing unit (1).

Service training 6 01-2003

RADIATOR CAP A
1
The pressure system permits operating the
engine at a higher temperature without 2
boiling the coolant or losing it by
evaporation.
The radiator cap consists of a pressure valve
(2),a vacuum valve (3) a valve spring, and a 3
gasket and has two functions.
(A) Pressure valve open; B

The pressure valve (2) in the cap permits the

coolant or team to escape when the pressure
reaches a certain point (0,88 bar).
(B) Vacuum valve open;
The vacuum valve (3) in the cap opens to
prevent a vacuum in the cooling system.

A B
THERMOSTAT 1

The thermostat is a heat-operated valve. It

controls the flow of coolant to the radiator to 2
maintain the correct operating temperatures.
Kubota engines use a wax element type
thermostat. Wax is enclosed in the wax case. 3
The wax is solid at low temperature but turns 7 8
liquid at high temperature, expands and 4
5 6
opens the valve.
(A) Thermostat closed;
During warm-up the thermostat remains 1) flange
closed. The water pump circulates coolant 2) valve
through the engine water jacket only, by way
of the by-pass. 3) wax case
(B) Thermostat open; 4) spindle
When the temperature of coolant exeeds the 5) synthetic rubber
specified temperature, wax in the case turns 6) wax (solid)
liquid and expands. Because the spindle (4) is
fixed, the wax case (3) is lowered, the valve 7) spring
(2) is separated from the flange (1) and then 8) wax (liquid)
the coolant is sent to the radiator.

Service training 7 01-2003

 FUEL SYSTEM
3
2
4

1 5

While the engine is running, fuel is fed into the injection pump (4) by the fuel feed pump
(5) after passing through the fuel filter (2) where any foreign matter is removed.
The fuel camshaft actuates the injection pump (4) and force-feeds fuel to the injection
nozzle (3) through the injection pipe. Fuel is then sprayed through the nozzle into the
combustion chamber. The fuel discharged after lubricating and cooling the injection
nozzle is returned to the fuel tank (1) automatically through the overflow pipe.

FUEL FEED PUMP.

This type of pump uses a diaphragm in which
the flexing of the diaphragm attached to the
pump body changes the capacity of the pump
chamber to create the vacuum necessary for
pumping.
The pump is mounted on the side of the
injection pump and driven by an excentric
cam on the camshaft of the injection pump.

1) inlet valve 3
2) pull rod
4
3) outlet valve
4) diaphragm
5) camshaft
1
2 5

Service training 8 01-2003

 12
INJECTION PUMP
10 11
01) delivery valve holder
1
02) delivery valve spring
03) delivery valve 2
04) plunger barrel
05) plunger 3
06) control rack 4
07) plunger spring 5
08) tappet roller
09) bleeder valve 7
9
10) return to tank
6 8
11) fuel inlet
12) tube to injector

INJECTION CONTROL
No fuel delivery (engine stopped).
At the engine stop position of the control
rack (3), the lengthwise slot (1) on the
plunger (2)aligns with the feed hole (5).
The delivery chamber (4) is let to the feed
hole during the entire stroke of the
plunger.The pressure in the delivery
chamber does not build up and no fuel can
be forced to the injector nozzle. 4
1
5
Fuel delivery (engine running) 2
The plunger (2) is rotated by the control
rack (3). When the plunger is pushed up,
the feed hole (5) is closed. The pressure in 1
the delivery chamber (4) builds up and
force-feeds the fuel to the injector nozzle 6 5
until the control groove (6) meets the feed
hole (5). The amount of the fuel 3 6
corresponds to the distance (A)

Service training 9 01-2003

 GOVERNOR

11
4
13

12
3 5

6 7 8 9 10
Injection pump performance is closely related to the engine performance and in many
ways, the function of an injection pump depends on the governor connected to the pump.
A governor performs an important role in saving fuel while allowing the engine to run
smoothly.
This mechanism (ball type) maintains engine speed at a constant level even under
fluctuating loads, provides stable idling and regulates maximum engine speed by
controlling the fuel injection rate.
The fork lever (3) is held in its position where two forces on it are balanced.One force is
the fork lever that (5) pushes, which is caused by the tension of the governor spring (4)
between the governor lever (1) and fork lever (5). The idler force is the component of the
centrifugal force produced by the steel balls (6) which are rotated by the fuel camshaft
(10).
01) governor lever 08) Steel ball
02) start spring 09) governor ball case
03) fork lever 1 10) fuel camshaft
04) governor spring 11) idling adjust spring
05) fork lever 2 12) speed control lever
06) steel ball 13) control rod
07) governor sleeve
Service training 10 01-2003
 INDIRECT INJECTION SYSTEM 4
The injector (4) sprays fuel in a 3
precombustion chamber (2) and starts to 2
burn, when the temperature reaches a
certain value it pushes the mixture (air and 1
fuel) into the piston (1) area.
The glow plug (3) will heat the mixture
during cranking of the engine by cold
wheather.

INJECTOR NOZZLE 1

This type of nozzle is designed to control

the injection quantity when the lift rate is 2
low at start of the injection. And to cut
down the knocking sound caused by
excessive fuel injection by giving the needle
valve section more taper than before to
prevent the rapid increase in injection 3
quantity when the initial injection turns into
the full-force injection. 4
Also, to prevent the injection quantity loss
in the throttle section caused by carbon, the 5
flat cut provided at the needle valve section
helps the throttle withstand long use and
reduce as much knocking sound as when it 6
was new. 7
8
10
9

01) bar filter 06) retaining nut

02) nozzle holder body 07) nozzle piece
03) adjusting washer 08) needle valve
04) nozzle spring 09) heat seal
05) push rod 10) gasket

Service training 11 01-2003

ROCKER ARM
The rocker arms are mounted on a rocker
arm shaft at the top of the engine. When the
push rods move up , the mating rocker arm
is moved down, contacting the valve tip and
opening the valve.
Lubricating oil pressurized through the
rocker arm bracket to the rocker arm shaft,
which serves as a fulcrum so that the rocker
arm and the entire system are lubricated
sufficiently.

PISTON RINGS
The compression rings prevent gases to pass
by the piston during the compression and
expansion stroke. They seal by expanding
out against the cylinder wall. The rings
expand by their own tension and also by
combustion pressure behind the rings during
the expansion stroke. The compression rings
are split for easy assembly on the piston.
The top compression ring is a keystone type
ring to get durability against heavy load.
The second compression ring is an undercut
ring to prevent shortage of oil.
The third oil control ring, is used to wipe
the excess oil from the cylinder walls. This
oil is fed through the slots in the rings to
holes in the piston groove, where it returns
to the crankcase.

OIL FILTER
This type of engine has a filtration system
of full flow . In the full filtration system,
there is only one oil flow from the oil pump
to the oil filter cartridge. After filtering the
oil goes to the lubricating port, and is
returned to the crankcase.

Service training 12 01-2003

 OIL PUMP, ROTOR TYPE 1
The oil pump has an inner rotor (1) and an
outer rotor (2). The inner rotor (1) which is
driven by the crankshaft, rotates the outer
rotor (2) in the same direction.
The inner rotor (1) has one lobe less than
the outer rotor (2), and they are
excentrically engaged with each other. 2

This allows the other lobes to slide over the

outer lobe, making a seal to prevent back-up
of oil. As the lobe slide up and over the IN OUT
lobes on the outer rotor (2), oil is drawn in.
As the lobes fall into the outer rotors , oil is
squeezed out.

AIR CLEANER
Clean air is essential to satisfactory
performance and long engine life. The air
cleaner must be able to remove fine material
such as dust and blown sand as well as chaff
or lawn from the air.
The cleaner has a reservoir large enough to
hold material taken out of the air so
operation over a reasonable period of time is
possible before cleaning and servicing is
necessary.
Dry element type cleaners are build for two
stage cleaning.
The first stage ( pre-cleaning) directs the air
into the cleaner at high speed so that it sets
up centrifugal rotation around the filter
element.
The air cleaner with a dust cup conducts the
air past tilted fins which start the centrifugal
action. When the air reaches the end of the
cleaner housing, the dirt passes through the
holes in the top of the cleaner and enters the
dust cap.
The partially cleaned air then passes though
the air filter element (pleated-paper filter).
Filtering is done as the air passes through
the paper filter. This is the second stage of
cleaning.

Service training 13 01-2003

 TURBOCHARGER ( S 185 ONLY )

A turbocharger consists basically of a centrifugal compressor mounted on a common shaft

with a turbine driven by the exhaust gas. The compressor is usually located between the air
cleaner and the intake manifold, while the turbine is located between the exhaust manifold
and the muffler.
The first job of the turbocharger is, by compressing the air, to force more air into the
cylinders. This allows the engine to burn more fuel efficiently, thereby producing more
horse power.
In applications where the boost pressure is relatively low, the turbocharger is capable of
reducing the smoke , fuel consumption, and deterioration in performance at elevated terrain
low air pressure by increasing the amount of air into the engine cylinders.
In applications where the boost pressure is high, the turbocharger is capable of providing a
large increase in engine output by increasing the amount of air into the engine cylinders.

1
HOW THE TURBOCHARGER WORKS ?
When the engine is running, exhaust gases
pass through the exhaust manifold to spin
the turbine wheel (1) of the turbocharger at
high speed.
Rotation of the turbine wheel (1) rotates the
compressor wheel (2) at the same speed
because both wheels (3 and 4) are on the
same shaft. As the compressor wheel (2)
rotates, air is sucked in, compressed, and
send into the engine cylinder. 2
The higher density of the compressed air per
cylinder volume result in increased output
compared with non-turbocharged engines of
the same displacement

Service training 14 01-2003