Earthwork and Volumes

Earthworks are required for many types of construction such as

roads and railways, dams, tunnels, buildings, swimming pools and
tanks. For many of these construction projects, the surveyor is required
to set out the extent of excavation and calculate quantities of material
to be exported or imported.
 A1
A2
Am

Sta pc = 0+000 0+020 0+040 0+060 0+080 0+100

Sta.0+000 Sta.0+020

Ac Ad
3.3m 1.9m CUT 2.1m 2.3m
2.9m CUT 3.1m
Aa Ab

6m 6m

5.4m 4.8m   5.4m 4.8m

Aa = ½ (2.9)(3) =
Ab = ½ (3.3)(3) =
Ac = ½(3.1)(5.4) =
Ad = ½(3.1)(4.8) =
At = A1 = Aa + Ab + Ac + Ad
 Sta.0+040

2.3m CUT 2.5m 3m

6m

5.4m 4.8m

 
• 
•   

3.8
2.9 2.6
3.2
1.9 2.3
5 5
5 5
9.35 10.7
7.85 8.45
  
• 

2.9 3.05
2.4
5 5

8.6 9.58
V = L/6 (A1 + 4Am + A2)
V = 50/6 (36.58 + 4(39.99) + 42.82)
V = 1994.67

V = ((A1+A2)/2)(L) = ((36.58 + 42.82)/2)(50)

V = 1985

a.)2235.54
b.)1994.67
c.)1854.76
d.)2450.34
• 
Problem:
Using the prismoidal correction formula, find the corrected volume
of cut between stations 80m apart if the areas of the irregular section
in the cut at the station are 26sq. m. and 68sq. m. respectively.
Base width = 8m and side slope is 1:1
L = 80
A1 = 26
A2 = 68
Base = 8
Slope = 1:1
• 
H1 = 8 + 2V1

V1 1 V1
1

8
V1 V1

H1 = 8 + 2V1
H1 = 8 + 2(2.48)
H1 = 12.96
 H2 = 8 + 2V2
• 
V2 1 V2
1

8
V2 V2