“MATERNAL & CHILD HEALTH

CARE” [ANTENATAL]

PRESENTED BY
MISS. BHUMIKA CHOUHAN
B.Sc NURSING 4th YEAR
CCON
 INTRODUCTION
Maternal and child health services are the foremost
priorities of community health programmes.

 According to indian culture mother is the

foundation of the family and children are the future of
the country.
CONT…..
Maternal health refer to the health of women during
pregnancy, child-birth and the post partum period.

The major direct causes of maternal morbidity &

mortality included hemorrhage, infection , high blood
pressure.
 DEFINATION
• According to WHO :- Maternal and child health
services can be defined as “ Promoting,
preventing, therapeutic or rehabilitation facility or
care for the mother and child”.
 Objective of MCH
• To reduce maternal and child-hood mortality &
morbidity.
• Promoting satisfying and safe sex life.
• Regulate fertility.
• Child survival.
• Promote & protect health of mother.
• To promote reproductive health.
• Ensure birth of healthy child.
 GOALS
• To ensure the birth of a healthy infant to every
expectant mother.
• To promote the healthy growth & development of
children.
• To identify health problem in mother & children.
• To promote family planning services.
• To prevent communicable & non-communicable
disease in mother & children.
• To educate the mothers on improvement of their
own & their children health.
 MATERNAL HEALTH PROBLEMS

 1. Nutritional Problems :-
 Malnutrition.
 Nutritional Anemia.

 2. Infection Problem :-
 Reproductive tract infection [RTIs] / sexually
transmitted infection [STI]
 Infection in general.
 CONT…

 3. Disturbance and Menstruation :-

 Abortions .
 Infertility.
 Cancer of the cervix.
 INDICATORS OF MCH
 MMR(Maternal Mortality Rate).
 IMR(Infant Mortality Rate).
 Neonatal Mortality Rate.
 Under Five Mortality Rate.
 Child Survival Rate.
 COMMON CAUSES OF
MATERNAL DEATH IN INDIAN
Maternal healthcare component
include
 Antenatal-care
 Natal-care
 Postnatal-care
 Child-health care
[In short description]
1. Antenatal - care:-
Antenatal care is care during pregnancy that is also
known as prenatal.

2. Natal- care:-
Natal care refer to care during confinement
delivery birth of child. The child birth is normal
physiological process but any time any difficulty
may arise and complication can occur.
CONT….
• To emphasis is on the cleanliness
• It entails :- 1) Clean surface & fingernails
2) Clean surface for delivery
3) clean cutting & care of cord

3) Post- natal care :- Care of the mother [ and

the new born] after delivery is known as post natal
care.
 Objectives
• To promote breast feeding.
• To promote & maintain health of mother and baby.
• To provide care to mother and baby.

• 4) Child – Health Care :- Child health

care refers to care of children from inception to
birth & after till the age of five.
“ANTENATAL-SERVICE”
ANTENATAL- CARE:-
• The care of the women during pregnancy.
Antenatal care is essential even for a normal and
healthy women for her well being and that of the
baby to be born because no. pregnancy & child
birth is free from risk for both mother & baby.
Objectives / Goals :-
 To reduce maternal mortality & morbidity rates.
 To promote, protect and maintain health of mother
during pregnancy.
 To prepare the mother to care for her baby & for
early & exclusive breast feeding.
Schedule of Antenatal- Care
 Monthly upto up to 28 weeks
 Two weekly b/w 28 & 34 weeks.
 Weekly 34 weeks onwards.
 High-risk cases.
 More frequent visit may be required.
Essential Component Of Service
During Antenatal Care Include

ANTENATAL

Registration / Warning
Advice
Visit Signs
Registration
 Registration for pregnant women
Care during pregnancy should be started as early
as possible. The mother must be registered within
20 week of pregnancy either at health centre /
antenatal clinic or at home by a nurse / health visitor
/ female health worker (ANM) or trained dai.
 VISIT :- A minimum of 3 visit covering the entire
period of pregnancy.
• 1st visit at 20th week
• 2nd visit at 30th week
• 3rd visit at 36th week
ADVICE :-
Employment – Maternity rights
 Antenatal checkup is totally free.
 They are entitled to cash payment.
 Free transport facility available.
 The government has given maternity leave.
 At least 50 employs to provide crèche facility.
 Maternity leave at least 12 weeks to 26 week for
female employee.
Preventive service for mother
[Before Delivery]
a) The first visit :
- Health history.
- Physical examination.
- Laboratory examination.
b) Immunization against tetanus.
c) Iron folic acid (IFA) tablets.
d) Diet during pregnancy.
e) Family support.
Antenatal check-up:-
 Get your HB (Hemoglobin)
 Blood pressure (BP)
 Urine, weight & abdomen checked at every visit
 Ensure that you receive IFA tablets and two dose
of injection tetanus toxoid (TT)
IRON FOLIC ACID (IFA) TABLETS

 During pregnancy 100 tablets of iron and folic acid

will be given.
One tablet of IFA is to be taken daily started from
the fourth month of pregnancy.
 After the 4th month to 8th month given the calcium
and iron tablet taken to be starting.
DIET DURNG PREGNANCY
 Need to eat one extra meal a day during pregnancy.
 Take milk & dairy product like curd, butter milk, panner
these are rich in calcium protein and vitamin.
 Green leaf vegetables are a rich source of iron & folic
acid.
 For non-vegetables ,meet, egg, chicken, fishes.
Rich source of important nutrients

“A well balanced diet consisting of a variety of food

help in the growth of the baby and prevents
anemia”.
NUTRIENTS
BOWEL CARE
 Avoid constipation
 Regulation of diet taking plenty of
fluids ,vegetables & milk.
Clothing & Shoes
Dental Problem During Pregnancy

Oral
problem

Increase
Dental
Gingivitis tooth
caries
mobility
Sleep during pregnancy
 Adequate rest gives you physical & mental
relaxation which is good for both you & the baby.
 Have 8 hours of sleep at night & at least 2 hours
rest during the day.
Exercise
 “Antenatal exercise aim to preventive low back
pain and enhancing physical & psychological
preparation for delivery by mean of joints stretching
& muscle strengthen”.
Sexual Inter costal

 The mother should be advised to avoid coitus

during the first three month and the last two
month. In the first three month it increase the
risk of abortion.
Travel
Family Support
 Warning Signs
 Vaginal bleeding
 Swelling of face & finger
 Continuous headache
 Abdominal pain
 Vomiting
 High fever
 Fast/ difficult breathing
 Continuous abdominal pain
 RESPONSIBILITY OF
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
IN MCH SERVICE
Direct Care

Managerial
Function

Educational
Function
 Role of nurse in MCH
 The function of community health nurse are:
1. Care provider :-
a) Contact – Connecting every pregnant mother
in primary stage of pregnancy.
b) History – Taking history of general health and
previous child birth.
c) Antenatal Examination – Physical birth and
present pregnancy.
2. Managerial functions:-
 3.Education function
a) Provide health education to mother and family.
b) Importance of regular antenatal check-up.
c) Personal hygiene and proper diet.
d) Importance of hospital delivery by trained worker.
e) Taking care of infant.
f) Thus, community health nurse has a multifaceted
role in maternal services.
 Programmes and schemes are
supported to MCH
 NRHM
 Janani suraksha yojana (JSY)
 Vandemataram Scheme
 Home based new born care (HBNC)
 Integrated management of neonatal and childhood
illness (IMNCI)
 CONCLUSION
 Antenatal care is the key to modification of
outcome to the mother and the newborn.
 Prevention and management of bleeding and
infection during and after labour.
 Child care starts ideally before conception.
 Integrated management of childhood (IMCI)
 Addressing mortality in and around infancy.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 KK. Gulani Community health nursing:
Principles and practices. 4th ed. Delhi:
Kumar publishing house 2012
 Basvanthappa : Community health nursing 1st ed.
New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers,
Reprint 2003
 Swarnkar k. Community health nursing 2nd ed 2008
N.R Brothers indore.
 https://www.who.int > maternal-health
Thank you