IMPRESSIONS IN

FIXED PARTIAL
DENTURES
 IMPRESSION
An imprint or negative likeness of the teeth
and/or edentulous areas where the teeth have
been removed, made in a plastic material which
becomes relatively hard or set while in contact
with these tissues.(GPT-9)

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IMPRESSION MATERIAL
Any substance or combination of substances
used for making a negative reproduction or
impression.

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 IMPRESSION TRAY
A device which is used to carry, confine and
control an impression material while making an
impression

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IMPRESSION TRAYS

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o Rigid Consistent thickness of 2-3 mm
o Extend 3-5 mm cervical to the gingival margins
o Shaped to allow muscle attachments
o Stable on the cast with stops
o No sharp edges
o Fabricated 9 hours before use to avoid distortion

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 IDEAL REQUIREMENTS
Complete
plasticity
Optimal Sufficient
stiffness fluidity

Complete Wet the

elasticity oral
after cure tissues

Dimensional Dimensional
stability accuracy 8
 Non-toxic

Have a good shelf Acceptable

life taste,odour

Resistance to Working & setting

tearing time
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REQUIREMENTS OF IMPRESSION
Sufficient uncut
Exact duplication tooth structure
of prepared teeth around
preparation

Teeth and adjacent

tissues accurately Free of air voids
reproduced
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SALIVA CONTROL
 Rubber dam
 Suction devices
 High volume vacuum
 Saliva ejector
 Svedopter

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GINGIVAL RETRACTION

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Periodontal health and biotype needs to be
evaluated and respected in order to preserve
gingival position and form.
Tissue displacement must be gentle.

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MECHANICAL RETRACTION

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DOUBLE CORD TECHNIQUE

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CHEMICAL RETRACTION
 Epinephrine
 Aluminum chloride
 Alum (aluminum potassium sulfate)
 Aluminum sulfate
 Ferric sulfate

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SURGICAL RETRACTION

 Rotary curettage
 Electrosurgery
 Laser tissue sculpting

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 IMPRESSION MATERIALS
1.Hydroc
olloid
5.Polyeth
2.Polysul 3.Conden er
phide 4.Additio
sation
n silicone
Silicone

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 SINGLE
STAGE
DOUBLE MIX
DOUBLE
TECHNIQUES STAGE

SINGLE MIX MONOPHASE

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1-A.REVERSIBLE HYDROCOLLOID

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 GEL
GEL SOL
Impression
tube conditioner
tray

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IMPRESSION MAKING USING
AGAR
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1-B IRREVERSIBLE HYDROCOLLOID

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 2. POLYSULPHIDE
BASE PASTE
Polysulphide polymer (- Principal ingredient
SH,mercaptan grp)
Titanium oxide and Zinc Fillers
Sulphate, Copper Strengthener
carbonate or silica
Dibutyl pthalate Plasticiser
ACCELERATOR
Lead dioxide Reactor
Sulphur Promotor
Oleic acid or Stearic acid Retarder
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IMPRESSION MAKING USING
POLYSULPHIDE

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3. CONDENSATION SILICONE

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 COMPONENT FUNCTION

Paste Hydroxyl terminated Undergoes cross linking

polydimethylsiloxane
Silica fillers Gives bulk and controls
viscosity

Liquid Alkyl silicate such as tetra Cross linking agent

ethylsilicate
Dibutyl tin dilaurate Reaction catalyst

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4. ADDITION SILICONE

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IMPRESSION MAKING USING
SILICONES

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5. POLYETHER

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MONOPHASE IMPRESSION
MATERIAL

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 ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES USES PRECAUTIONS
ALGINATE Rapid set Poor accuracy Diagnostic casts Pour
Easy technique and surface immediately
Low cost detail

AGAR Hydrophilic Low tear Multiple Pour

Long working resistance preparations immediately
time Low stability
Equipment
needed

POLYSULPHIDE High tear Messy Final impression Pour within 1 hr

strength Unpleasant
Easy to pour odour
Long setting time

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C.SILICONE Pleasant to use Hydrophobic Final Pour
Short setting Poor wetting impression immediately
time Release by Avoid voids
pdts

A.SILICONE Dimensional Hydrophobic Final Delay pour

stability impressions Avoid voids
Pleasant to use
Short setting
time

POLYETHER Dimensional Very stiff Final Teeth may

stability Short working impressions break while
Short setting time retrieving cast
time
Hydrophilic

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AUTOMIXING TECHNIQUE

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CLOSED MOUTH IMPRESSION
TECHNIQUE

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 WET FIELD TECHNIQUE
• Flooded with warm water.
• Syringe material taken directly from tempering
compartment and added to prepared cavities.
• The material used to fill the tray - cooler or tempered.
• Gelation is accelerated by circulating cool water, through
the tray for 3 – 5 minutes.
• Hydraulic pressure of the viscous tray material forces the
fluid syringe hydrocolloid into the area to be restored.

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LAMINATE TECHNIQUE

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COPPER BAND IMPRESSION TECHNIQUE

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DISINFECTION OF IMPRESSIONS

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DIGITAL IMPRESSIONS

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Advantages
• Elimination of patient discomfort.
• No incorporation of air bubbles.
• No need of storage space/ impression materials/cast.
• Time-saving.
• Cross-infection control.
• Easy to adjust and modify the impression.
• Easy communication with the lab.
• Retrieval of images at any given point of time.

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Disadvantages
• Expensive
• Difficult to scan posteriors in patients with restricted
mouth opening.
• Inability to capture subgingival margin

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 CONCLUSION

The impression should be in the dentists

mind before it is in his hand.

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