ADITYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY

AUTOMATIC SOLAR TRACKING USING ARDUINO

Presented by
Name of the student: T VEERENDRA
IV Section and Roll no: 18P31A04N2

Department of ECE

ADITYA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(Approved by AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNTUK & Accredited by NAAC
Recognized by UGC under the section 2(f) and 12(B) f the UGC act 1956)
Aditya Nagar, ADB Road, Surampalem, E.G. DT
Andhra Pradesh - 533 437
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Content
• Introduction
• Block Diagram
• Working
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Applications
• Conclusion

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INTRODUCTION

• Solar energy is a very large, in exaustable source of

energy. The power from the sun intercepted by the
earth is approximate 1.8*1011 MW.

• Solar energy could supply all the present and future

energy by needs of the world on a continuing basis.
This makes it one of the most promising of the
unconventional energy sources.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

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WORKING

Solar Tracker: -

• Solar trackers are devices used to orient photovoltaic panels

reflectors lenses or other optical devices toward the sun.

• Since the sun's position in the sky changes with the seasons
and the time of day, trackers are used to align the collection
system to maximize energy production.

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Arduino Severino Board

• Arduino is a development platform for the purpose of

programing AVR microcontrollers.

• Arduino Severino board is used to program 28 pin DIP

ATMEGA168 IC.

• Here we are using 16MHz crystal for operating frequency.

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Arduino Severino Board

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Sensor

• We are using LDR's as a sensor to track the position of sun or

density of sun light.
• Here we have made potential divider with LDR and register.
• Output voltage (Vo)is proportional to light incident on LDR
which is further processed to move solar panel.
• Here we are using four sensors to Track Sun position.

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Servo Motor:

• Servo motors has three wires.

• Among those 3 wires, 2 wires provide power supply to the
motor and one is used to send PWM signals (50Hz (analog
servos) or 400-500Hz (digital servos)} to the motor for
required shaft positions.
• Servo shaft is rotated by an angle depending on the ON Time
and OFF-time of the pulse.
• Here we are using two servo motors One for Horizontal
movement and another for Vertical movement.

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Tracking Mechanism

EAST-West movement

North - South movement

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ADVANTAGES

• Trackers generate more electricity than their stationary counterparts

due to increased direct exposure to solar rays. This increase can be as
much as 10 to 25% depending on the geographic location.

• Solar trackers generate more electricity in roughly the same amount

of space needed for fixed-tilt systems, making them ideal for
optimizing land usage.

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DISADVANTAGES

• Solar trackers are slightly more expensive than their stationary

counterparts
• Solar trackers are generally designed for climates with little to no
snow making them a more viable solution in warmer climates. Fixed
racking accommodates harsher environmental conditions more easily
than tracking systems.

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CONCLUSION

• A solar panel tracking system was designed and implemented. The

aim of the solar panel tracking system is to track the positon of the
sun for better efficiency of the solar panel has shown in the
experimental results. This work can be executed on an industrial scale
which be beneficial to developing countries like Nigeria and Sub-
Sahara Africa countries. Our recommendation for future works is to
consider the use of more sensitive and efficient sensors which
consume less power and which are also cost effective. This would
increase the efficiency while reducing cost.

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05/18/2022 class, section, batch number: 14