By Ariana

Laurenz
Valera

Variola r y 1 6
ebrua
Virus F

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Per
iod
7
 Classification
History Scientific name: Orthopoxvirus

The Variola virus originated in Family: Poxviridae

- Natural hosts of this family
India or Egypt at least 3,000 years are humans, vertebrates, and
arthropods
ago. It spread along trade routes of
Asia, Africa, Europe, and Americas
and caused victims to suffer with
Smallpox.

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 Structure
● Large, brick-shaped, size of
bacterial shape
● Single, linear double stranded
DNA that are bound to proteins in
a nucleoprotein complex called
the core

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 Common hosts
targeted
Humans are the only natural
hosts of the variola virus. Insects and
nonhuman animals are unable to
carry or transmit this virus.

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 Common cells
targeted in
humans
Macrophages in humans are
targeted by the variola virus and
spread to the endothelial cells, which
are regulators of inflammatory
reactions.

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 Mode of
Infection
Variola virus can be spread by
blood product, airborne respiratory
droplets, skin to skin contact, and
saliva from sharing drinks and
kissing

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 This virus
caused…
The Smallpox pandemic!
Smallpox was an infectious and
deadly disease caused by the variola
virus. It affected humans for
thousands of years. People who were
affected by Smallpox had their skin

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cells affected, leading to rashes.
 Symtoms
● Rashes, sores, blisters
developed on face, hands,
forearm, torso
● High fever
● Headache

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● Backache
● Fatigue
 Treatment
Although there was no cure,
vaccination was used. In 1796,
Edward Jenner developed a
successful vaccine to prevent the
spread of smallpox. Vaccination was
promoted until 1972. WHO declared

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it eliminated in 1980.
 Images

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 Works Cited
● https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Smallpox_%28Variola_Virus%29_-_Topoisom
erase_1B
● https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/infectious-disease-topics/smallpox#:~:text=Variola%20vi
rus%20classification%3A,Poxviridae%2C%20subfamily%20Chordopoxvirinae%2C%
20genus%20Orthopoxvirus
● https://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/bioterror/smallpox.htm
● https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/smallpox

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