ANTI ADRENERGIC DRUGS

ARPAN SAHU
BATCH- 2K19
ANTI ADRENERGIC DRUGS

Adrenergic receptor antagonists(alpha & beta blokers) block the effect of sympathetic
stimulation
ALPHA ADRENERGIC BLOCKER
 PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ALPHA
BLOCKERS:
• Phenoxybenzamine:
- Peripheral vascular resistance due to blockade of vascular alpha 1 receptors.
- Increase release of nor adrenaline from the adrenergic nerve endings due to blockade of presynaptic alpha
2 receptors (tachycardia, palpitation , cardiac arrthymia).
- Given orally or through slow i.v. infusion . It has slow onset but long duration of action b/c of irreversible
blockade of alpha receptors.
- Its main use in treatment of pheochromocytoma
S/E- Hypotension, Tachycardia, Palpitation, Diarrhoea, Impotence.
Phentolamine:
- Competetive non selective alpha adrenergic blocker.
- Given I.V. and has rapid onset but short duration of action
Prazosin:
- Potent selective alpha 1 adrenergic receptor blocker.
- Given orally well absorbed from GIT
- Unlike non selective alpha blockers, selective alpha blockers produce minimal or no tachycardia.

A/E- 1ST dose phenomenon within 30-90mins oral administration of 1st dose of prazosin, postural
hypotension & syncopal attacks may be seen. Therefore the initial dose should be small (1mg). It is
usually given at bed time.
- Tachycardia, impaired ejaculation & impotence.
Terazosin: - It is similar to prazosin but less potent
Doxazosin: - longest acting selective alpha 1 blockers
Alfuzosin: - orally effective and used in beningn prostetic hyperplasia
Tamsulosin: - uro selective alpha 1 blocker. It reduces the resistance to flow of urine with little effect on BP.
- it is administered orally & is prefered alpha 1 blocker for treatment of BPH in normotensive patients
 THERAPEUTIC USES OF ALPHA BLOCKERS:
1. Pheochromocytoma: - Definitive treatment is surgery. Phenoxybenzamine along with beta
blocker(propranolol) is use to control HTN & blood volume
2. Hypertensive emergencies: - IV phentolamine can be used b/c of its rapid onset of action
3. Essential hypertension: - selective alpha 1 blockers are preferred in the treatment of mild to moderate
HTN
4. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: - selective alpha 1 blocker are used. Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin,
Alfuzosin are useful in hypertensive patients. Tamsulosin is preferred for BPH in normotensive patients
5. Male sexual dysfunction: - local injection of phentolamine with papaverine may be used
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