NURSING CARE PLAN FOR

CALCULUS CASE
 Definition

Tartar is a yellow layer that sticks to the teeth

and feels rough, which can cause dental
problems.

Tartar is plaque that has hardened. Tartar

attached to the surface of the crown of the tooth
is usually yellowish to brownish which can be
seen by the eye. The surface is hard like teeth
and cannot be cleaned with a toothbrush or
toothpick
 Etiology
among the factors that cause the formation of calculus are:
 Microorganisms
The active bacteria that cause tartar are stertococcus and anaerobic groups. These bacteria convert glucose and
carbohydrates in food into acids through the fermentation process.
 Local Factor
Incorrect restoration, anatomy and position of teeth, anatomy and tissues around the teeth, tooth surface structure
 Systemic Factor
Hypertension is a systemic disease that can affect plaque accumulation.
 Age
With increasing age, the function of the body's organs will decrease or degenerate, as well as the salivary glands.
 Bad diet
Which includes a bad diet here is like eating foods that contain high carbohydrates, difficult or rarely consume fruits and
vegetables and bad habits such as chewing one side.
 Smoke
 The hot smoke that is inhaled causes the oral cavity to become drier so that it supports the growth of anaerobic
bacteria in plaque.
 Irreguler visits to the dentist
 Do not use both sides of the teeth to chew
 Pathophysiology
Tartar causes the surface of the teeth to become rough and
becomes a place for plaque to stick back so that over time the
tartar will settle, become thick and become a nest of germs. If
allowed to accumulate, tartar can absorb (absorb) the alveolar
bone that supports the teeth and consequently the teeth are easy
to move and fall out.

Tartar contains many germs that can cause other diseases in the
area around the teeth. If not cleaned, the germs can trigger an
infection in the area that supports the teeth. If it is infected then
further problems can arise. Patients usually complain that their
gums feel itchy, their mouth smells bad, their toothbrush often
bleeds, and sometimes the teeth can even separate themselves
from the tissue that supports the teeth.
Classification of calculus case

 Supragingival Calculus
Supragingival calculus is located coronal to the
gingival margin. Calculus is deposited initially on
the tooth surfaces opposite the salivary ducts, on
the lingual surfaces of the lower incisors and the
buccal surfaces of the upper molars, but can also
be deposited on any teeth and dentures that are
not cleaned properly, for example, on the occlusal
surfaces of teeth that do not have antagonists.
 Subngingival Calculus
Subgingival calculus is located below the gingival
margin, precisely at the root of the tooth near the
apical margin of the deep pocket, in severe cases,
it can even be found much deeper into the apex of
the tooth (below the gingiva)

The location and extent of subgingival calculus

can be evaluated or detected using fine dental
instruments such as a probe. This calculus is
usually dark brown or greenish black in color, is
harder in consistency than supragingival calculus,
and adheres more tightly to the tooth surface.
 Assesment
Sign (Objective
data)
Tartar on teeth usually forms below and
above the gum line. When touched with the
tongue, tartar tends to be rough.
At first, dental plaque is yellowish white or
brownish white. Over time, dental plaque
that used to be yellow can turn black in color.
Over time, the blackened plaque will look
like rock that sticks to the teeth. The darker
the color of the coral, the more plaque that
has accumulated.
Symptoms
(Subjective data)
The appearance of coral at the gum line does not
cause bothersome symptoms. But if allowed to
continue, coral can trigger the occurrence of coral
reefs gingivitis, aka gingivitis. Gingivitis can
further make you experience a number of
symptoms such as:
o The gums are swollen, red, and, tender to the
touch
o Intense and sharp pain
o Gums bleed easily when brush or floss
o Gums blackish red
 Dental Nursing Diagnosis

Nurses can diagnose calculus by observing the existing symptoms. Calculuscan also be detected
early when the patient performs a routine examination. Dental checkups should be done regularly
every 6 months. In addition to observing the condition of the teeth, dental examinations also aim
to prevent or treat if there are problems with the teeth.

To measure the cleanliness of the teeth and mouth used an index. Index is a number that shows
the clinical condition obtained at the time of examination, by measuring the area of ​the tooth
surface covered by plaque or calculus, thus the number obtained is based on an objective
assessment.
 Dental Nursing Care Plan

As a dental nurse we need to make a plan about nursing care that is our responsibility.
Make a nursing plan and determine the approach used to solve the patient's problem.

The nursing care plan made should be able to reduce, eliminate and prevent dental
problems experienced by patients. The determination of the action in the nursing plan
to be carried out on the patient is very dependent on the dental nursing diagnosis.
 Implementation

For the successful implementation of the treatment plan we as dental nurses must have cognitive
abilities, interpersonal skills and skills in carrying out actions. These three capabilities when applied
together will produce quality care services. The efforts that can be made in the implementation of the
dental and oral care plan are divided into several types, namely:

1. Promotive
Promotive effort is an effort or activity carried out with the aim of increasing individual and
community knowledge in the field of dental and oral health.
The definition of promotive action is the efforts made to change the behavior of a person, group of
people or society in such a way that they have the ability and habits to behave in a healthy life in the
field of dental health. One of the tasks of dental nurses is to build individual and community
awareness so that they are able to carry out promotive efforts independently. Promotional efforts
consist of:
o Counseling about calculus
o Counseling on how to brudh your teeth properly and correctly
o Counseling on how to take good care of teeth
2. Preventive
Preventive efforts are efforts carried out by dental nurses with the aim of preventing the onset of
dental and oral diseases. preventive measures consist of:
o Cleaning calculus (scaling)
o Fluoride or topical application
o Mass toothbrushing is carried out with the guidance of a nurse

3. Curative
Curative effort is an effort carried out by dental nurses with the aim of curing a dental and oral
disease to prevent further pain and the return of tooth function. curative efforts consist of:
o Perform emergency treatment to relieve pain in swollen gums due to calculus
 Evaluation

Evaluation is done by re-examining the dental and oral nursing care process that has been carried out to
determine the level of success of these activities. The purpose of the evaluation is to assess whether the
care is as expected by the patient and nurse.

The result achieved after the action This is to obtain an overview of calculus cases, obtain an overview of
treatment actions, and obtain an overview of the theoretical analysis of calculus cases. As well as realizing
the highest degree of health for the community, an integrated and comprehensive health effort is carried
out in the form of individual health efforts and public health efforts.

In carrying out the evaluation process, there are several activities that must be followed by nurses,
including:

o Review the patient's goals and established criteria

o Collect data related to the expected results
o Measuring goal achievement
o Record decisions or results of measuring the achievement of goals
THANKS