DIVERSITY OF CHROMIUM (Cr)

RESISTANT BACTERIA IN LEATHER

TANNERY INDUSTRIAL WASTE IN
KASIN, MALANG

Presented by:
NITA SHILFIANI R. 176090100011003
 Background

Source: tannery industry

hazardous to the ecosystem and human health

Cr Resistant Solution: Bioremediation

Bacteria

Population Chromium hexavalent

and Cr (VI)
As Characteri diversity
Bioindicator zation
Isolation
The aim of this study was to assess the population and
diversity of bacteria found in tannery wastewater.

Bacillus Pseudomonas Staphylococcus

Enterobacter
Eschericia

Ochrobacteium Serratia
Klebsiella

Cr Resistant Bacteria:
Can Reduce from
Cr (IV) into Cr (III)
Objectives

• Analyzing the diversity of Cr Resistant bacteria from

Wastewater of the Tanning Industry in Kasin, Malang
• Analyzing the level of bacterial resistance to Cr
 MATERIAL &
METHODS
Sampling

Tannery
Wastewater
3 samples
(Composite)
Collected from 2 sites
Wastewater of Tannery
Industry in Kasin Malang
Well Water
Samples
pH
3 samples
Temperature
(Composite)
Turbidity
Conductivity
 Metode
Waste Water Well Water Physicochemical
Samples Samples Characterization

Characterization
& Diversity index
calculation

Purification

25 ml of
sample in
225 ml of
NaCl

24 jam pada 30°C

1 ml sample NA + chromium 20,50, 100 mg /L

& control
 Assessement of Diversity index
D = 1 ………(1)

D = Simpson diversity index

ni = Number of individuals type-i
N = Total number of individuals
s = Total number of species in the community
Bacterial cell density = number of bacterial colonies capable of living on NA medium +
chromium → total plate count (TPC)

TPC(CFU/ml) = S colony
 RESULT

Analysis of Abiotic Factor using The independent-samples t test (sig. 5%) 

Sample Temperature (°C) pH Conductivity (μS/cm) Turbidity (NTU)

Wastewater 27.83 ± 0.76 8.10 ± 0.17* 1551.00 ± 2.64* 12.33 ± 1.10*

Sample        
Wellwater 27.50 ± 0.50 6.80 ± 0.13 653.67 ± 4.04 1.78 ± 0.07
Sample        

* Represent significance (p<0,05)

 Characteristic of Cr Resistant
Bacteria from Wastewater
Karakter Morfologi Isolat
AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 AL5 AL6 AL7 AL8 AL9 AL10 AL11
Bentuk koloni Bulat + - + + - + - + - - -
Irregular - + - - + - + - - + +
Filamenteus
- - - - - - - - + - -

Warna Putih - - + + - + + + + - +
Krem + + - - + - - - - + -
Tepi Rata + + + + - + - + - - -
Rizoid - - - - + - - - - - -
Irregular - - - - - - + - - + +
Filamenteus
- - - - - - - - + - -

Elevasi Rata - - - + - - + - + + -
Konveks + - - - - + - - - - +
Umbonate - - + - - - - + - - -
Plateau - + - - + - - - - - -
Ukuran koloni (mm) 1-4 1-5 0.3-2 0.5-1 2-4 0.7-3 10-30 5-7 2-4 2.5-4 2-3
Gram Positif - - + - - - - - + - -
Negatif + + - + + + + + - + +
Bentuk sel Basil + - + - - + - + + - -
Kokus - + - + + - + - - + +
 Characteristic of Cr Resistant
Bacteria from Wellwater
Isolat
Karakter Morfologi
AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 AL5 AL6
Bentuk koloni Bulat + + - - + -
Irregular - - + + - +
Filamenteus
- - - - - -

Warna Putih + + - + + +
Krem - - + - - -
Tepi Rata + + - - + -
Rizoid - - - - - -
Irregular - - + + - +
Filamenteus
- - - - - -

Elevasi Rata - - - + - +
Konveks + + - - - -
Umbonate - - + - + -
Plateau - - - - - -
Ukuran Koloni (mm)   3 0.2-5 0.3-4 3-5 3 2-5
Gram Positif - + - - - -
Negatif + - + + + +
Bentuk Sel Basil - + - + + +
Kokus + - + - - -
 Cell Density and Diversity of
Cr Resistant Bacteria

Sampel Konsentrasi Cr (ppm) Densitas Bakteri x Indeks Diversitas

106 (CFU/ml)

Air Limbah 20 53.8 ± 12.74* 0.89 ± 0.01*

  50 43.1 ± 6.51* 0.85 ± 0.02*

  100 39 ± 7.19* 0.85 ± 0.01*

Air Sumur 20 6.6 ± 4.11 0.64 ± 0.09

  50 6.4 ± 3.70 0.58 ± 0.13

  100 4.4 ± 3.86 0.57 ± 0.10

* Represent significance (p<0,05)

 AIR LIMBAH
60 0.9
Densitas sel bakteri (106 CFU/mL)

0.88
50
0.86
40
0.84
Densitas
30 0.82
Diversitas
0.8
20
0.78
10
0.76
0 0.74
20 ppm 50 ppm 100 ppm
Konsentrasi Cr

AIR SUMUR
70 0.58
Densitas sel bakteri (105 CFU/mL)

60 0.56
50 0.54
0.52
40 Densitas
0.5
30 Diversitas
0.48
20 0.46
10 0.44
0 0.42
20 ppm 50 ppm 100 ppm
Konsentrasi Cr
 Table 3. Results of Bacterial Growth in
NA +Cr

Isolat Konsentrasi Cr (ppm)

20 50 100 400 800 1000
Air Limbah AL1 + + + + + -
AL2 + + + + + +
AL3 + + + + + -
AL4 + + + + + +
AL5 + + + + - -
AL6 + + + + - -
AL7 + + + + - -
AL8 + + + + - -
AL9 + + + + - -
AL10 + + + + - -
AL11 + + + + - -
Air Sumur AS1 + + + + - -
AS2 + + + + - -
AS3 + + - - - -
AS4 + + - - - -
AS5 + + + - - -
AS6 + + - - - -
 Figure 1. A) Wastewater Bacteria
Isolates that grow on NA + 1000
ppm Cr media,
(B) Wellwater Bacteria Isolates
that grow on NA + 400ppm Cr
media,

A B C

Figure 2. Gram Stain Results, (A) isolate AL 1,

(B) Isolate AL4, (C) Isolate AS1, (D) Isolate AS2
Figure 3. Dendogram of Cr-resistant
bacteria from wastewater and well
water were constructed using
CLAD'97
CONCLUSION

• The results showed that the density and diversity of

Cr-resistant bacteria from wastewater was higher
than well water. In addition, wastewater bacterial
isolates also have higher Cr resistance, which reaches
1000 ppm in AL2 and AL4 isolates, while well water
isolates only reach 400 ppm in AS1 and AS2 isolates.
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 PEMAKAIAN MEDIA DAN BAHAN KIMIA
UNTUK PRAKTIKUM EKOLOGI MIKROBIA (S2) 2018
NITA SHILFIANI
  NAMA MEDIA / TANGGAL   JUMLAH
No BAHAN KIMIA 5-Oct-18 11-Oct-14 13-Oct-18 10/24/2018 30-30-18      
    (g)  
                   
  NaCl 8.5 8.5           17
  NA 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4 8.4     42
                   

  NAMA MEDIA / JUMLAH Harga Total

No BAHAN KIMIA   satuan  
         
         
  NaCl 17 3,300.00 56,100.00
  NA 42 6,000.00 252,000.00
         
        308,100.00