ISO9001:2015

ISO 9001:2015
TÜV-R 01 100 1934918
TÜV-R 01 100
1934918

FORCE AND MOTION

ESCI 101 (Physics for Engineers)

Lhizel L. Claveria, ABE
Part-Time Instructor, Department of Agricultural Engineering
Central Bicol State University of Agriculture
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Definition
Force
- is any influence that can change the speed or direction of motion of an object.
- Its a push or pull on an object
- is a vector
- Measured in units called Newton (N)

Motion
- A change in the position of an object
- Cause by force (push or pull)
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Major Forces
1. Weight –gravitational force
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Major Forces
2. Spring force
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Major Forces
3. Tension
direction is always in the direction of the rope
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Major Forces
4. Normal Force
direction is always perpendicular to the surface
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The Law of Inertia: NEWTON’S FIRST LAW

An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and
in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force.
Sometimes called Law of Motion
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The Law of Motion: NEWTON’S SECOND LAW

Whenever a net (resultant) force acts on a body, it produces an acceleration in the direction of
the resultant force that is directly proportional to the resultant force and inversely proportional
to the mass of the body.

System F = m a

mks N = kg m/s2

cgs dyn = g cm/s2

british lb = slug ft/s2

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The Law of Motion: NEWTON’S THIRD LAW

For every force that acts on one body there is a second force equal in magnitude but
opposite in direction that acts upon another body.
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EXAMPLE:
A 50 kg block rests at the top of a smooth plane whose length is 2.0 m and whose height is 0.50
m. How long will it take for the block to slide to the bottom of the plane when released?
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EXAMPLE:
A 60 lb block rests on a smooth plane inclined at an angle of 20° with the horizontal. The block
is pulled up the plane with a force of 30.0 lb parallel to the plane. What is its acceleration?
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EXAMPLE:
A 2.0 ton elevator is supported by a cable that can safely support 6,400 lb. What is the shortest
distance in which the elevator can be brought to a stop when it is descending with a speed of 4.0
ft/sec?
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EXAMPLE:
A 5.0-kg block is placed on a smooth horizontal surface. A horizontal cord attached to the block
passes over a light frictionless pulley and is attached to a 4.0-kg body. Find the acceleration and
the tension in the cord when the system is released.
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EXAMPLE:
Two bodies having masses m1 = 30 g and m2 = 40 g are attached to the ends of a string of
negligible mass and suspended from a light frictionless pulley. Find the accelerations of the
bodies and the tension in the string.
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EXAMPLE:
A 0.96-lb ball A and a 1.28-lb ball B are connected by a stretched spring of negligible mass.
When the two balls are released simultaneously, the initial acceleration of B is 5.0 ft/sec²
westward. What is the initial acceleration of A?
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THANK YOU!!!