Arkitekturang Art Appreciation

GEC053-02221

Pilipino sa
Kolonisasyong
Espanyol Prepared By:

Group No. 04

School of Education, Arts and Sciences

INTRODUCTION
The Philippine Islands was
named after King Philip II, then
king of Spain.

Spanish colonial motives was

using Philippines as a stepping
stone to the riches of East
Indies
The first step of Spanish
colonization of Philippines was
on March 15, 1521, when
Ferdinand Magellan arrived in
Cebu.

Kolonisasyong Espanyol
 After three more failed expeditions, the
colonization of the Philippines happened on 1565.

The Spaniards, during their long rule of the

Philippines, enforced their traditions and way of life
to the Filipino people.

Economic and political institutions were altered, but

not as much as the religious realm. Both the
governor-general and church archbishop vied for
political supremacy

Kolonisasyong Espanyol
 The Spanish rule of the Philippines lasted until 1898,
333 years later, when they lost the Philippines
Revolution. All the while, the losing Spaniards sold
their “colony” to America.

American Rule then paved the way for

Commonwealth, which then became the foundation
of our current government.

Their inheritance has seeped in our language,

traditions, and architecture.

Kolonisasyong Espanyol
 CONTENTS
01 BAHAY NA BATO

02 GUSALING PAMPAARALAN

03 BAROQUE CHURCHES

04 GUSALING GOBYERNO

05 OTHER ARCHITECTURAL
HISTORICAL SITES IN
THE SPANISH PERIOD

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 1 BAHAY NA BATO

Bahay na bato or “house of stone”, is a

type of building originating during the
Philippine’s Spanish Colonial period. It
is the updated version of the traditional
bahay kubo.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 BAHAY NA BATO

The Rizal Shrine located in Calamba is an example of Bahay na Bato

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 BAHAY NA BATO
“House of Stone”

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 BAHAY NA BATO
Floral Style Modern Bahay na bato
TYPES OF BAHAY NA
BATO

Geometric Style

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 Jimenez, Allyssa Claire
M.

University of
Santo Tomas GUSALING
2 PAMPAARALAN

Ateneo
De The Philippines is a historically and culturally rich
Manila
country. With over 300 years of Spanish
colonization, it's not surprising to witness vestiges
of Spanish authority even today, notably in
institutions and universities founded in the late
Colegio De 1500s. There are still a few historic educational
San Juan De institutions in operation up until today.
Letran Manila

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 GUSALING
2 PAMPAARALAN
Jimenez, Allyssa Claire M.

● University of Santo Tomas is a Catholic university founded in

1611 as the Colegio de Nuestra Señora del Santisimo Rosario
with its original campus built in Intramuros.
● The University of Sto. Tomas we know in Sampaloc, Manila is University of Santo Tomas
an example of Renaissance Revival Architecture. The
construction of the building began in 1924 and was completed
in 1927.
● The building is designed by Padre Roque Ruaño, O.P., and was
the first anti-earthquake building in the Philippines that was
not a church.
● The Catholic University of the Philippines' full name is The
Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas. It began as a
seminary in Intramuros, Manila.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 GUSALING
2 PAMPAARALAN
Jimenez, Allyssa Claire M.

● In 1590, they founded one of the first colleges in the

Philippines, the Colegio de Manila (also known as the Colegio
Seminario de San Ignacio) under the leadership of Antonio
Sedeño SJ. The school formally opened in 1595.
● After several name changes, the school carried out the name
Ateneo de Manila since 1909 up until today.
● The campus is situated in a 53.8 ha, wide enough to
accommodate its student.
● Establishments like Ateneo De Manila adopted the Western
Architecture that is mainly solid block of rocks with symmetrical
designs that divides the wall around the building.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 GUSALING
2 PAMPAARALAN
Jimenez, Allyssa Claire M.

Colegio De San Juan De Letran Manila

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 GUSALING
2 PAMPAARALAN

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 GUSALING
2 PAMPAARALAN

Arkitekturang Pilipino
 GUSALING
2 PAMPAARALAN

Arkitekturang Pilipino
 Garrido, April Rose A.
Church of San Augustin-
BAROQUE CHURCHES
3 (SIMBAHANG BAROKO)
Manila

● The Baroque Churches have been at the forefront of

Church of La Nuestra
Philippine history since their construction in the 1500s. Señora de la Asuncion
● The unique architectural style became known as Earthquake
Baroque, has established strength that could withstand the
tremendous earthquakes that strucks the region.
● The Church's political power of that period manifests in the Church of San Agustin
architecture. They had been designed to withstand attacks in Paoay, Ilocos Norte
during revolts and rebellions, giving the Churches the
appearance of fortresses.
● The blending of religion and military portrays the manner
Church of Santo Tomas
Spain saw its situation in the Philippines
de Villanueva in Miag-
● Some of the best preserved colonial churches in the country
ao, Iloilo
are found in the Ilocos Regions, as well as those in the
provinces of Laguna and Batangas, as well as the Visayan
islands of Panay, Cebu and Bohol.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 Garrido, April Rose A

3 BAROQUE CHURCHES

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

3 BAROQUE CHURCHES Coconut tree
“Tree of life on the
church facade”

● Miag-ao's first parish church was constructed near the

Tumagbok River in Ubos by Nicolas Pangkug, the first
town capitan (equivalent to today's town mayor).
● The Miag-ao Church, built in 1786 by Spanish Augustinian
missionaries, had been declared as part of the UNESCO
World Heritage Site "Baroque Churches of the
Philippines" in 1993
● According to an old Philippine legend, a loving mother left
the coconut tree, a tree which sustained them for life, as
her only bequest to her two children. The coconut tree
appears as the "tree of life" on the church's facade. St.
Christopher carries the Child Jesus on his shoulder clinging
to the coconut tree.
Garrido, April Rose A.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

3 BAROQUE CHURCHES

Garrido, April Rose A.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

3 BAROQUE CHURCHES
● St. Christopher carries the Child Jesus on his shoulder
clinging to the coconut tree.
● Built with thick walls and secret passages
The purpose is to defend the town and its people against
raids by the Moros.

This led to the popular name “Miag-ao Fortress Church.”

Garrido, April Rose A.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

3 BAROQUE CHURCHES
Church of San Agustin in Manila

Garrido, April Rose A

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 Garrido, April Rose A.
3 BAROQUE CHURCHES “THE OLDEST STONE CHURCH BUILDING IN THE PHILIPPINES”

Elliptical
foundation

** Among the seven churches in Intramuros, this is the Only

church that remained standing during the WORLD WAR II

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

3 BAROQUE CHURCHES

●The plans for the building of the church were approved in

1587 and completed in 1607 under the supervision
successively of the Augustinian Fathers Francisco de
Bustos, Ildefonso Perez, Diego de Avila and brother
Alonso de Perea.

● Its architect Juan Macias.

● It has withstood many earthquakes from 1645 up to the

present and survived the British invasion in 1762. The
Spanish-American War in 1898 and the Japanese invasion
in 1942.

Architect Juan de Macias

Garrido, April Rose A.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 3
Church of San Agustin in Manila

●The church contains the tomb of Spanish conquistadors:

a.Miguel López de Legazpi
b. Juan de Salcedo
c.Martín de Goiti
d.Several early Spanish Governors-General and archbishops.

●The painter Juan Luna, and the statesmen Pedro A. Paterno

and Trinidad Pardo de Tavera were among the hundreds of
laypersons whose remains have been buried within the church.

Garrido, April Rose A.

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

3 BAROQUE CHURCHES
Church of San Agustin in Paoay, Ilocos Norte

Hardillo, Margaret Anne

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 3 BAROQUE CHURCHES

Hardillo, Margaret Anne

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 3 BAROQUE CHURCHES

● Its striking feature is the 24 heavy buttresses placed

on the church’s sides and back which serves as a
strong foundation against natural disasters such as
earthquakes. That is why the Paoay Church still
remains strong for over three centuries now.

● Its gothic, baroque, and oriental design evokes

Spanish, Chinese, and Filipino influences. The gold-
plated altar inside the church is a centerpiece for its
patron Saint Agustine.
Hardillo, Margaret Anne

Kolonisasyong Espanyol
 3 BAROQUE CHURCHES

Hardillo, Margaret Anne

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 3 BAROQUE CHURCHES

● Also known as Santa Maria Church, built in 1765 by

Augustinians, is one of the best examples of Baroque style
architecture popular during the Spanish colonial era. Its simple
and elegant brick facade has preserved its historical and
cultural significance over several centuries.
● On December 11, 1993, UNESCO designated it as a world
heritage site.
● It is a unique structure with a diverse architectural design of
bricks and mortar that serves as a reminder of the four
centuries of Spanish dominance in that area. During the early
administration of the region by friars and soldiers of Spain, it
was built on top of a hill as a lookout and citadel, as well as a
religious center. Hardillo, Margaret Anne

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 3 BAROQUE CHURCHES

Hardillo, Margaret Anne

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

4 GUSALING GOBYERNO

Literally translated as Palace of the Governor but more

known to be “Palace of the Governor-Generals.” It was a
state residence of the Governor-General in the Philippines,
located inside the walled fort of Intramuros.

The First Palace or Palacio Real was constructed in 1599

near Plaza de Armas (Parade Ground) in Fort Santiago,
which was subsequently destroyed by an earthquake in
1645.

It was later moved to the present site and became the

Governor-General’s residence and office as well as the Real
Audiencia (Supreme Court)

Palacio del Gobernador

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

4 GUSALING GOBYERNO

Later, it was reconstructed in 1733 and 1747, then damaged

by an earthquake in 1771. In 1850, the Spanish-type façade
was added to the building then later destroyed in 1863 by
an earthquake. It was abandoned by the Governor-General
when he moved to Malacañang.

The site was formerly occupied by the stately residence of

Captain Manuel Estacio Venegas, Secretary to Governor
General Diego Fajardo. Venegas died on March 7, 1660
when he was in incarcerated at the Fort Santiago. His
residence was confiscated and became the Palace of the
Governors of the Philippine Islands until its destruction by
the earthquake of June 3, 1863.

Palacio del Gobernador

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

4 GUSALING GOBYERNO

Vernacular language meaning “ May Lakan Diyan” that

means “a noble man lives there “, the palace served as a
summer residence for the Spanish governor-general during
the early 1800s.

Governor General Rafael de Echague moved the seat of

government to the Malacañang Palace after an earthquake
devastated the Palacio del Gobernador in Intramuros

The palace has been the official residence of the highest

chief executive of the country since 1863, and since then
been witness to the numerous challenges that have faced
the nation and the events that have defined our history

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 OTHER ARCHITECTURAL HISTORICAL SITES IN THE SPANISH PERIOD
5

San Lazaro Hospital

Fort Santiago

Hospicio de San Jose

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 HOSPITAL DE SAN JUAN DE DIOS
5

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 SAN LAZARO HOSPITAL
5

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

5 HOSPICIO DE SAN JOSE

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

5 FUERZA DE SANTIAGO

Fort Santiago built in 1571

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 REFERENCES

https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Baroque_Churches_of_the_Philippines
https://primer.com.ph/travel/2017/03/05/a-beautiful-piece-of-history-paoay-church
Then and Now: A Look at Some of the Oldest Schools in Philippines | Edukasyon.ph
ust in intramuros - Bing images
History of Ateneo de Manila | About | Ateneo de Manila University
https://www.britannica.com/place/Philippines/The-Spanish-period
https://www.homify.ph/ideabooks/5417731/bahay-na-bato-a-filipino-classic-meets-
modernization
https://philippinetravelforum.com/bahay-na-bato-architecture/
https://www.vigattintourism.com/tourism/articles/The-Nuestra-Seora-de-la-Asuncion-
Ilocos-Sur
https://www.vigattintourism.com/tourism/articles/Malacaang-Palace-The-Most-Historic-
Building-of-the-Philippines
http://www.phtourguide.com/palacio-del-gobernador-in-intramuros/#:~:text=The
%20First%20Palace%20or%20Palacio,Real%20Audiencia%20(Supreme%20Court).

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol

 Presented By Group 4:

❖ Garrido, April Rose

❖ Hardillo, Margaret Anne
❖ Jimenez, Allyssa Claire
❖ Lalong Isip, Rose Ann
❖ Lazo, Ace Cyrus
❖ Licmo-An, John Patrick
❖ Lolong, Bianca Marie
❖ Magsadia, George Enad
❖ Manahan, Guillian Marcus
❖ Manaog, Margarette Mae

Arkitekturang Pilipino sa Kolonisasyong Espanyol