SUBMITTED BY :

SOURABH INGJAL
SACHIN SARANIA
ARUP SONOWAL
GAURAV JYOTI KALITA
BISWAJIT ROY
TOPIC - FILTRATION
SUB TOPIC :
1. EXPLAIN FILTRATIO
2. PRINCIPLE OF FILTRATION
3. FILTER MEDIUM & FILTER AID
4. TYPES OF FILTERS
 FILTRATION
Filtration is a process used to separate solids from liquids or gases using
a filter medium that allows the fluid to pass through but not the solid.
 FILTER MEDIUM & FILTER AIDS
• Filter media are the portion of a filtering system that separates
unwanted particles from the substance being filtered. The type of
material used as a filter medium is dependant upon the material
being filtered. In general, there are two common types of filters, each
using a different set of media.

• An agent consisting of solid particles (as of diatomite) that improves

filtering efficiency (as by increasing the permeability of the filter cake)
and that is either added to the suspension to be filtered or placed on
the filter as a layer through which the liquid must pass.
 TYPES OF FILTERS

•PLATE AND FRAME FILTER PRESS

•ROTARY DRUM FILTER
•ROTARY VACCUM FILTER
•MOORE FILTER
PLATE AND FRAME FILTER PRESS

A filter press is a piece of equipment used

in liquid/solid separation. Specifically, the
filter press separates the liquids and solids
using pressure filtration.
The working principle of filter presses is that slurry is
pumped into the machine such that solids are distributed evenly during
the fill cycle. Solids build up on the filter cloth, forming the filter cake;
the filtrate exits the filter plates through the corner ports into the
manifold, yielding clean filtered water.
ROTARY DRUM FILTER

One of the oldest filters used in industrial applications, a rotary drum filter resembles a drum laying on its
side. One third to one half of it is submerged in the slurry.

The basic steps in the process are:

Cake Formation - An internal valve opens. This allows vacuum to be applied to the underside of the filter
screen. The cake starts to form on the part of the drum that is submerged.
Cake Washing & Drying - As the drum rotates out of the slurry, the drying portion of the cycle begins.
Vacuum continues to be applied in order to create the pressure differential necessary to remove the filtrate.
Cake Discharge - An internal valve is used to close off the vacuum at this point. The discharge mechanism
can be either a scraper, belt, roll or string. Compressed air can be used to help remove the cake from the
filter screen.
ROTARY VACUUM DRUM FILTER
A rotary vacuum filter consists of a largerotating
drum covered by a cloth. The drum is suspended
on an axial over a trough containing liquid/solids
slurry with approximately 50-80% of the screen
area immersed in the slurry.
As the drum rotates into and out of the trough, the slurry is sucked on the surface
of the cloth and rotated out of the liquid/solids suspension as a cake. When the
cake is rotating out, it is dewatered in the drying zone. The cake is dry because the
vacuum drum is continuously sucking the cake and taking the water out of it. At the
final step of the separation, the cake is discharged as solids products and the drum
rotates continuously to another separation cycle.
 MOORE FILTER

A movable, intermittent vacuum filter consisting of a series, or basket, of leaves fastened

together in such a way that it may be dropped in a pulp tank and kept submerged until a cake
is formed; it is then transferred by crane to an adjoining wash-solution tank and washed; the
basket is then lifted out of the tank and the cake dropped.
THE END