definition

• Is any event that is, or is expected to

lead to, an unstable and dangerous
situation affecting and individual, group,
community, or whole society. Crisis are
deemed to be negative changes in the
security, economic, political, societal, or
environmental affairs, especially when
they occur abruptly, with little or no
warning.
 types
• Family disruption of family disturbance
• Natural disaster
• Suicide
• Economic change (loss of job, medical bills,
etc.)
• Community resources (food resources, lack of
housing resources, etc.)
• Life events (loss of loved ones, a child moving
out, disturbance to daily activities, etc.)
 Examples of crisis situation

Crisis situations can occur at any given time to

any individual.
A man standing at the end of a bridge is planning
to commit suicide. This is a crisis situation
because the individual is not coping well with life.
The individual has not jumped yet, so there is
time for intervention. It is a very stressful time for
the individual and law enforcement because they
need the negotiate with the individual to get him
down from the ledge and get him help.
 emergency
• Is a situation that poses an immediate risk to
health, life, property, or environment. Most
emergencies require urgent intervention to
prevent a worsening of the situation, although
some situation, mitigation may not be possible
and agencies may only be able to offer
palliative care for the aftermath.
 An incident to be an emergency, conforms to one or
more of the following; if it:

• Poses an immediate threat to life, health,

property, or environment
• Has already caused loss of life, health
detriments, property damage, or environmental
damage
• Has a high probability of escalating to cause
immediate danger to life, health, property, or
environment
 disaster
• Is a serious disruption of the functioning of a
community or society involving widespread
human, material, economic, or environmental
loss and impacts, which exceeds the ability of
the affected community or society to cope using
its own resources.
 Crisis management

• Is the application of strategies designed to help

an organization deal with a sudden and
significant negative event.
 Objectives of crisis
management
• Resolve without further incident
• Safety of all participants
• Apprehension of all perpetrators
• Accomplish the task within the framework of
current community standards
 Other crisis management
best practices
• Planning in detail for responses to as any potential
crises possible.
• Establishing monitoring systems and practices to
detect early warning signals of any foreseeable
crisis.
• Establishing and training a crisis management team
or selecting an external crisis management firm with
a proven track record in your business area.
• Involving as many stakeholders as possible in all
planning and action stages.
 Crisis intervention
• Is an immediate and short-term psychological care
aimed at assisting individuals in a crisis situation to
restore equilibrium to their biopsychosocial functioning
and to minimize the potential for long-term psychological
trauma.
• Crisis intervention is the emergency and temporary care
given an individual who, because of usual stress in his
or her life that renders them unable to function as they
normally would, in order to interrupt the downward spiral
of maladaptive behavior and return the individual to their
usual level of pre-crisis functioning.
 Emergency management
(disaster management)
• Is the creation of plans through which communities
reduce vulnerability to hazards and cope with
disasters. Disaster management does not avert or
eliminate the threats: instead, it focuses on creating
plans to decrease the effect of disasters. Failure to
create plan could lead to human mortality, lost
revenue, and damage to assets. Events covered by
disaster management include acts of terrorism,
industrial sabotage, fire, natural disasters, public
disorder, industrial accidents, and communication
failures.
 Disaster preparedness
• It is a measure taken to prepare for and reduce the
effects of disaster. That is, to predict and, where
possible, prevent disasters, mitigate their impact on
vulnerable populations, and respond to and effectively
cope with their consequences.
 Process of ensuring than an
organization
• (1) has complied with the preventive measures, (2) is
in a state of readiness to contain the effects of
forecasted disastrous event to minimize loss of life,
injury, and damage to property, (3) can provide
rescue, relief, rehabilitation, and other services in the
aftermath of the disaster, and (4) has the capability
and resources to continue to sustain its essential
function without being overwhelmed by the demand
placed on them.
 Natural disaster
• Is a major adverse event resulting from natural
processes of the earth; examples include floods,
hurricanes, tornadoes, volcanic eruptions,
earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geological process.
A natural disaster can cause loss of life or property
damage, and typically leaves some economic damage
in its wake, the severity of which depends on the
affected population’s resilience, or ability to recover
and also on the infrastructure available.
 Man-made crisis
• A disastrous event caused directly and principally by
one or more identifiable deliberate or negligent human
action.
• Human behavior and attitude frequently produces
difficulties, risks and hurdles in regular functioning of a
particular businesses and assignment. Generally,
crises created by individual and groups, may be in a
form of (a) protest (b) blockade (c) strikes and
closures, political and civil unrest (d) harassment (e)
environment pollution (f) system failure of
communication and technology (g) accident (h) armed
conflict and war (i) government proclaimed state of
emergency (j) crime and disease.
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