Types of Improved Stoves:

1.) Natural Draft Rocket Stoves

Higher temperatures, mixing, metering
Fuels: Sticks, woody biomass, and then forcing the gases against the
Gathered fuels, some crop residue bottom, sides of the pot reduces fuel use
and emissions

Time to Fuel CO PM
Boil Use Emission Emission

Envirofit, $25 3-Stone 38 1253 65 2363

Rocket 38 650 20 783

51% 70% 67%

Reduction Reduction Reduction
with Skirt
StoveTec $8-$12
2.) Fan Stoves
TOP LOADING Burning the fuel with forced air jets at
Fuel: Pellets, small pieces the bottom and/or top of the
Philips, $60 combustion chamber creates high
WoodGas, $55 velocity mixing which dramatically
Oorja, $25 decreases fuel use & emissions.
Time to Fuel CO PM
Boil Use Emission Emission

3-Stone 38 1253 65 2363

Fan 14 614 6 293

51% 91% 88%

SIDE FEED Reduction Reduction Reduction
Fuel: Sticks, gathered biomass

StoveTec/Biolite TEG, $20

 3.) Semi-Gasifiers
Burning the fuel with carefully
controlled primary and secondary air
within a closed stove results in efficient
Fuel: pellets, briquettes, some
fuel use, and emissions are removed
crop residues
through the chimney.
Time to Fuel CO PM
Boil Use Emission Emission

Yunnan Gasifier, $45 3-Stone 38 1253 65 2363

Yunnan 22 734 8 317

41% 88% 87%

Reduction Reduction Reduction

Daxu Stove, $50

4.) Natural Draft (TLUD)

Fuels: Pellets, some gathered fuels

Top lighting, limiting the Primary Air in
a TLUD, secondary burn, results in very
Champion Stove, $30 low particulate matter emissions.

Time to Fuel CO PM
Boil Use Emission Emission

3-Stone 38 1253 65 2363

TLUD 27 737 18 255
Vesto Stove, $60

41% 72% 89%

Reduction Reduction Reduction

World Stove, $35

5.) Institutional Stoves
Fuels: Sticks, woody biomass,
Gathered fuels, some crop residue
Transferring heat to the bottom and
sides of a very large pot efficiently uses
the heat from the fire and emits fewer
emissions.

Time to Fuel CO PM
Boil Use Emission Emission

3-Stone 38 1253 65 2363

60L Stove 32 305 7 181

(Data Normalized for 5L)

StoveTec, $400 76% 89% 92%

Reduction Reduction Reduction
Knowing which Stove Works:
Testing is Essential
• LABORATORY
– Stoves are carefully designed and optimized in the laboratory
– WBT/Emissions measurements quickly, inexpensively highlight
promising technologies

• FIELD
– Stoves must be designed/modified with input from focus groups
• Consumer testing is at least ½ of stove development
– Cooks must be involved when selecting, comparing, choosing
stove models. It does not matter if a stove performs well in the
lab if the cooks don’t use it or will not buy it!
Stove Performance Comparison
Time Fuel Use CO PM
to Boil Emission Emission
3-Stone 38 1253 65 2363
Rocket 38 650 w/skirt 20 783
Fan – Top 14 614 6 293
loaded
Fan – Side 34 722 6 151
Feed
Semi-Gasifier 22 734 8 317

TLUD Gasifier 27 737 18 255

Institutional 32 305 7 181

60L

(Data is from Water Boiling Test)

 Clean Cook Stoves at Market Price
Carbon credits can reduce the consumer price of new clean stoves
Total Global Warming Potential
Uncertain Estimates: grams CO2 equivalent per liter of water boiled and simmered 30 minutes,
(will vary with market, etc) normalized for starting temperature and fuel moisture content

Carbon credit income per

ton per year: ~$5-$10/year 700

600

5 years?
500
PM -- -50*OM
400 PM--680*EC
Global Warming
3*CO
Potential (g CO2 300
Stove generates 1-4 tons equivalent/L) 12*NMHC
200 296*N2O
CO2e savings per year 21*Methane
100 CO2

0
calculated CO2 savings -100

switching from coal to Three Stone

Fire
Rocket Fan Gasifier Charcoal

renewable biomass– about

3.8 ton CO2e/yr.
From “A Laboratory Comparison of the Global Warming
Potential of Five Major Types of Biomass Cooking Stove”
Energy for Sustainable Development, June 2008
MOVE TO A NEW SLIDE!

Design Principles for

Wood Burning Cook
Stoves