Theory of Machine

MEC219
 Unit VI
Gyroscopes

Learning Objectives
• Basic concepts Gyroscopic law
• Effect of gyroscopic couple on automobiles,
ships and aircrafts
 Unit V
Gyroscopes
Whenever a rotating body changes the direction
of its axis of rotation, a couple is applied on the
rotating body. This couple is known as
gyroscopic couple.
Basic Terms
Axis of spin
Axis of precession
Axis of couple
Right hand screw rule
Angular Acceleration
Angular Acceleration
Angular Acceleration
 Angular Acceleration

This angular velocity of the axis of spin is known as angular velocity of

precession and is donated by .
The axis about which the axis of spin is to turn, is known as axis of
precession.
The angular motion of the axis of spin about the axis of precession is
known as processional angular motion.
Angular Acceleration
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=n5bKzBZ7XuM

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQTa0Pn
O61c

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=NhRQVGN8iqc
Gyroscopic Couple
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=3WZNE8EDKMw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=8KHLP0A0Gjg
Gyroscopic Couple
Gyroscopic Couple
 Gyroscopic Couple

Since the rate of change of angular momentum will

result by the application of a couple to the disc,
therefore the couple applied to the disc causing
precession,
Problem
Problem
 Effect of the gyroscopic Couple on an Aero Plane

Case I:- Let engine or propeller rotates in the clockwise direction

when seen from the rear or tail end and the aero plane takes a turn
to the left.
 Effect of the gyroscopic Couple on an Aero Plane

Case II :-Propeller rotates in the clockwise direction when seen from

the rear or tail end and the aero plane takes a turn to the right.
Effect of the gyroscopic Couple on an Aero Plane
problem
 Gyroscope effect on Naval Ships
Terms Used in a Naval Ship
• Bow
• Stern or aft
• Port
• Star Board

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=6BCgl2uumlI
 Gyroscope effect on Naval Ships
The effect of gyroscopic couple on the naval ship in the
following three cases:
1. Steering
2. Pitching, and
3. Rolling

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=w4ScTH6X6Ao

https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=aK3G8n53D6A
Gyroscope effect on Naval Ships
Gyroscope effect on Naval Ships
Gyroscope effect on Naval Ships
Gyroscope effect on Naval Ships
Gyroscope effect on Naval Ships
problem
problem
problem
problem
Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving in a Curved
Path
Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving in a Curved
Path
 Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving in a Curved
Path

Effect of the gyroscopic couple

Velocity of precession
 Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving
in a Curved Path
Effect of the gyroscopic couple

Velocity of precession
Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving in a Curved
Path
Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving in a Curved
Path
Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving in a Curved
Path
Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving in a Curved
Path
Stability of a four Wheel Drive Moving in a Curved
Path
 Problem
A racing car weighs 20 kN. It has a wheel base of 2m, track
width 1m and height of C.G. 0.3 m above the ground level
and lies midway between the front and rear axle. The
engine flywheel rotates at 3000 rpm clockwise when
viewed from the front. The moment of inertia of the
flywheel is 4 kg-m2and moment of inertia of the each
wheel is 3 kg-m2 find the reactions between the wheels
and the ground when the car takes a curve of 15 m radius
towards right at 30 km/hr, taking into consideration the
gyroscopic and centrifugal effects. Each wheel radius is 0.4
m.