AIRCRAFT

STRUCTURE
AIRCRAFT
STUCTURES
AIRPLANE STRUCTURE INCLUDES –
FUSELAGE, WINGS,EMPENNAGE,
LANDING GEAR AND POWER PLANT.
FUSELAGE - the central body of the airplane.

DESIGNED TO ACCOMMODATE
• The crew
• Passenger
• And cargo
Also provides structural connection for the wings
and tail assembly.
 FUSELAGE, A/C - COMPONENTS,
AIRFRAME STRUCTURES
• MAIN STRUCTURE – FUSELAGE OR BODY
OF AIRCRAFT
3 TYPE OF CONSTRUCTIONS.

1. Truss or frame work construction (GRIDDER)

2. Monocoque construction

3. Semi monocoque construction

1. TRUSS OR FRAME WORK
CONSTRUCTION (GRIDDER)
1. TRUSS OR FRAME WORK CONSTRUCTION
(GRIDDER)
1. TRUSS OR FRAME WORK CONSTRUCTION
(GRIDDER)
• Consist a light gauge steel tube.
• Form a space frame of triangular shape.
• Gives the most rigid of geometric forms.
• Each tube carries a specific load.
• A strong easily build basic structure.
• Frame work covered by light weight aluminium alloy ,
fabric skin to give an enclosed aerodynamically
efficient compartment.
* All the loads act on tubes (GRIDDER).
* Skin is a not a part of load sharing.
2.MONOCOQUE CONSTRUCTION
• Skin takes majority of load.

• Monocoque means single • No joints ,it’s a single cell.

shell (French word ).
• Between 2 formers there is
• All the loads are taken by a stressed skin.
stressed skin with light
internal frames or formers
to give the required shape.

• Formers also help the

aircraft to with stand hoop
stress due to pressurisation
cycle.
3.SEMI
MONOCOQUE
3.SEMI MONOCOQUE CONSTRUCTION

• Pure monocoque was found • More stronger construction.

not to be strong enough as
aircraft became larger.
• Skin is not taking the
majority of load because of
• Longerons run lengthwise longerons so skin is part of
along the fuselage joining load sharing.
the frames together.
• Skin is stressed between
• Longerons are called formers and also between
stringers(stiffeners)-stiffens longerons.
the skin and assist the sheet
material to carry load along
their length.
 3.SEMI
MONOCOQUE
WINGS
WINGS
 WINGS

• WINGS ARE AIRFOILS.

• MAIN LIFTING SURFACES.
• SUPPORTS AIRPLANE IN FLIGHT.
WING DESIGN.
WING CONSTRUCTION.
 WING STRUCTURAL PARTS.

• SPARS
• RIBS-DETERMINE SHAPE AND THICKNESS
• STRINGERS
EMPENNAGE
 LANDING GEAR

• PRINCIPLE SUPPORT OF AIRCRAFT WHEN

PARKED,DURINE TAXI, TAKE OFF,
LANDING.
• CONSISTE OF WHEELS,FLOATS,SKIS
 TAILWHEEL

• TRICYCLE GEARS
• RUDDER
• DIFFERENTIAL
BRAKING

NOSEWHEEL
 POWER PLANT
1.) INCLUDES BOTH ENGINE AND THE
PROPELLER
2.)PRINARY FUNCTION IS TO PROVIDE POWER
TO TURN THE PROPELLER
3.)ALSO
i) GENERATES ELECTRIC POWER,
ii) VACCUM SOURCE FOR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS,
iii) SOURCE OF HEAT FOR THE PILOTS AND
PASSENGERS
Propeller Translates Rotating Force Of The
Engine Into Thrust (Forward Acting Force Helps
Move Airplane In Air)