STUDY ON ZERO ENERGY BUILDING

Department of Civil Engineering

C E 3 P C 0 1 Project Work-I
(Session: 2021-2022)

Presented by:
Venktesh Chaurasia (EN18ME303133) Guided by:
Vishesh Jain (EN18CE301096) Ms.Monika Pagare
Harshit Yadav (EN18ME303045)
Table of Contents

 Abstract
 Introduction
 Objective
 Literature Review
 Indra Paryavaran Bhavan
 Net Zero Energy Building Method
 Summary and Conclusions

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Abstract
In the current scenario of microclimate change and ecological crumbling, sustainable
approaches should be implemented to maintain the ecological balance and reduce
carbon footprint. In the field of sustainability, net-zero energy building design concepts
have grabbed attention due to clean energy deployment, energy security, economic
growth, and environmental sustainability. Since numerous advantages are associated
with the implementation of NZEB, many architects, design professionals, builders
contributed to new design concepts in new buildings. Amongst those new buildings,
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is an iconic building and a great example in the field of
sustainability located in New Delhi, India (composite climate zone). This research
paper elaborates on the case study of Indira Paryavaran Bhawan from various green
building and NZEBs norms perspective. Numerous key points of this building have
been discussed in this research paper that will be helpful for professionals from a
different field.

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Introduction
Most recently in India, increased efforts to advance energy efficiency in buildings have
been incorporated in various policies such as Energy Conservation Building Codes
(ECBC) for commercial buildings. Additionally, the government seeks to explore
unconventional energy resources and a big push to a wide uptake of solar energy
Electricity in buildings is used to provide a variety of services such as thermal comfort
(space heating and cooling), lighting, and water heating and electrical appliances.
Energy efficient buildings, green buildings, and high performing buildings such as
NZEBs have the potential to provide long term solutions to the challenging situation
regarding future energy demand. NZEBs are commonly understood as highly energy-
efficient buildings that use, over a year, renewable energy technology to produce the
same amount of energy they consume. NZEB approach in a country can differ
depending on the climate, the resources for (green) electricity in the grid, the heating
and cooling grid infrastructures.

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Objectives
 To achieve the reduction in embodied energy of construction and further
reduction in the operational energy through the choice of sustainable natural
construction materials
 To minimize the contribution towards Urban Heat Island effects through passive
design features and sustainable site practices
 To use Passive Design Strategy, Active Design Strategy and Renewable Energy
System
 Onsite rooftop solar power has been used for meeting the operational energy
demands of the building

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Literature Review
Zero Energy Buildings: A Critical Look at the Definition (by: Paul Torcellini,
Shanti Pless, and Michael Deru, National Renewable Energy Laboratory Drury
Crawley, U.S. Department of Energy) 2006
This paper studied the impacts of ZEB definitions, it examined seven low-energy
commercial buildings that had been monitored extensively with respect to the
definitions. The buildings represent several climates and uses. Site energy savings range
from 25% to 68% compared to conventional buildings that are minimally energy-code
compliant Understanding the energy performance of the current stock of high-
performance buildings is an important step toward reaching the ZEB goal.

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ROLE OF NET ZERO ENERGY BUILDING IN ENERGY SECURITY
(by: Santosh D Jadhav) 2015
This paper highlighted that buildings use approximately 40% of all energy
consumed in the world. If we continue on this path of energy use in conjunction
with population growth projections, with few new sources of fossil fuels,we could
deplet all natural resources within few years. The buildings sector has major
opportunity to reduce environmental impact by incorporating energy efficient
technologies in design, construction and operation of both new and existing
buildings.

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GREEN BUILDINGS: A NEED OF FUTURE CITIES (by: Tanavi Joshi and
Sandeep M. Joshi) 2019
In this paper special focus was given on ensuring good health of its inhabitants as
well as the environment; efficient usage of resources like water and energy, proper
waste disposal methods, ensuring good indoor air quality, eco-friendly material and
resource selection and innovation. This approach has resulted in a lower cost

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Case Study: India’s First Net-Zero Energy Building- Indira Paryavaran Bhavan
2020
The case study discloses that Indira Paryavarn Bhawan first govt. building in the
country to achieve the landmark of netzero energy building which has an annual energy
consumption of 14.21 Lakh kWh met with equivalent annual energy generation of 14.3
lakh kWh from Solar BIPV installed on-site and one of the very few full-fledged
multifunctional office buildings in the world to do so on a tight urban site.

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Zero Energy Building (ZEB) definitions – A literature review Anna
Joanna Marszal1 and Per Heiselber 2015
The above literature review and discussion about ZEB definition lead to the list of key
questions, which should be taken into consideration when developing new ZEB
definition
What type of energy use should be included be the balance. Energy demand for
building operation, energy use related to users (DHW, appliances, lighting) and/or
embodied energy

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Net Zero and Resilience Research of the Urban Environment: A
Citation Analysis Using Big Data
Ming Hu and Mitchell Pavao-Zuckerman
This paper presents findings from a literature review of two topics with shared
ecological intellectual roots
The literature on both energy resilience and comparisons between NZE and
resilience is very limited, almost non-existent.
The transformation of current NZE practice and concept will be crucial for
climate change stabilization

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India’s First Net-Zero Energy Building- Indira
Paryavaran Bhava

 Location-New Delhi
 Geographical coordinates-28° N, 77° E
 Occupancy Type-Office
 Typology-New Construction
 Climate Type-Composite
 Project Area-9,565 m2
 Grid Connectivity-Grid connected
 EPI-44 kWh/m2/yr

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Points to be noted when construction process began
Wider Front Setback (22m) to protect front
tree line.
Preserve the integrity of the green street.
Preservation of the local ecology.
The IPB office building for the ministry of
environment and forests has been planned in
parallel blocks facing the north south
direction, with a large linear open court in
the center.
The Building blocks create a porous block
form to optimize air movement throughout
the site and the N S orientation allows for
optimum solar access and shading.
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Indira Paryavaran Bhava Overview
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan consists of two blocks
within the premises connected through a corridor.
Each block is a G+7 storey structure with 3
basements. The total floor area of the campus is
32,000 sq m. Each floor consists of office spaces,
meeting rooms, conference rooms etc. The
building consists of 7 elevators and a central
atrium located in between the two blocks.
Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is located in a
composite climate zone, a mix of hot, dry, humid,
and cold climatic conditions, and the design
involves multiple active, passive, and renewable
strategies to achieve net-zero goal
 The Indira Paryavarn Bhawan met the energy demand with the green and clean
energy solution, Efficient Solar PV system.
 The building has a solar PV system installed in a 6000 m2 area of 930 kW
capacity.
 The total area covered by the panel is 4650 m2 by 2844 solar panels which
generate 14.3 lakh unit annually which is huge in amount.
 This is the first govt. building in the country to achieve the landmark of net-zero
energy building and one of the very few full fledged multifunctional office
buildings in the world to do so on a tight urban site.

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 The energy consumption of Indira Paryavaran Bhawan is 67.3% less in comparison
to the GRIHA benchmark.
 The project adopted numerous Net Zero Energy building concepts for occupants'
wellbeing and eco-friendly approaches like water conservation and rainwater
harvesting.
 The building orientation set in the manner that it favors optimum solar access and
shading.
 Two blocks facing northsouth direction have been arranged parallelly having a linear
open court in the middle.
 Building front is a wider setback so that it can protect tree lines for occupant’s
outdoor view access.

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Net Zero Energy Building Method
Design strategies - The design of the Indira Paryavaran Bhawan involves three
design strategies. First is Passive Design Strategy, second is Active Design
Strategy and third is use of Renewable Energy System used to make it most
energy efficient building.

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 Active Design Strategy
 Lighting Design: Interior and exterior
lighting system was designed by
providing energy efficient lights.
 The lighting power density is
maintained near to 5 W/m2 which is
50% more efficient than Energy
Conservation Building Code provisions.

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 Optimized HVAC system: The chilled
beam system technology was used to
reduce energy consumption upto 50%
as compared to conventional system.
 160 TR of air conditioning load of the
building is met through Chilled beam
system.
 Integrated building management system
is set up to control HVAC equipments
and monitoring of all systems

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Passive Design Strategies

 Orientation: Building is north south oriented, with separate blocks

connected through corridors and a huge central court yard. Orientation
minimizes heat ingress. Optimal window to wall ratio.
 Landscaping: More than 50% area outside the building is covered with
plantation.Circulation roads and pathways are  soft paved to enable
ground water recharge.
 Daylighting: 75% of building floor space is day lit, thus reducing
dependence on artificial sources for lighting. Inner courtyard serves as a
light well.
 Ventilation: Central courtyard helps in air movement as natural
ventilation happens due to stack effect. Windows and jaalis add to cross
ventilation.
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Renewable Energy:

A Building Integrated
Photovoltaic (BIPV) power plant
has been installed on the entire
roof surface of the building and
court area. This clean and green
renewable energy system has
helped in meeting the energy
demand of the building to achieve
the target of net-zero energy

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Renewable Energy Systems

Parameter Quantity
Capacity of Power Generation 930 kW Peak

Annual Energy Requirement 14,00,000 Unit (kWh)

Annual Energy Generation 14,00,000 Unit (kWh)

Net Energy Consumption ZERO

Total area 6000 m2
Total area of Solar panels 4600 m2
Mono Crystalline20%
Type of Photovoltaic panel
efficiency
Number of panels 2844
Nature of Power Generation Grid Interactive

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Materials and construction techniques :
 AAC blocks with fly ash
 Fly ash based plaster & mortar
 Stone and Ferro cement
 Local stone flooring
 Bamboo jute composite doors, frames and
flooring
 High efficiency glass, high VLT, low SHGC 
& Low U-value, optimized by appropriate
shading
 Light shelves for diffused sunlight
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Building Envelope and Fenestration:
 Optimized Building Envelope – Window
assembly (U-Value 0.049 W/m2K),VLT
0.59, SHGC 0.32
 uPVC windows with hermetically sealed
double glazed using low heat
transmittance index glass
 Rock wool insulation
High efficiency glass
 Cool roofs: Use of high reflectance terrace
tiles for heat ingress, high strength, hard
wearing.
Water Management
The landscape and horticulture design of
planting native species along with
efficient irrigation systems are utilized
leading up to 50% reduction in water
requirement. The remaining water
demand is met by recycling and reusing
wastewater, and by implementation of
rainwater harvesting systems.
Additionally, low discharge and efficient
water fixtures are installed including
sensor urinals and dual flow cisterns.

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Reduce landscape water requirement:
 Drip irrigation.
 Reuse of treated water for irrigation.
 Low lawn area so as to reduce water
demand.
 Use of native species of herbs and trees
having low water demand in
landscaping.
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Reduce water use in the building
 Low discharge fixtures.
 Water waste treatment
 Use of curing compound
 Rain water harvesting
 Dual flushing cistern
Savings:

Conservation Scenario of Conventional Design vs Indira Paryavaran Bhawan[2]

Annual Conventional Indira Paryavaran

Saving
Consumption Design Bhawan

Electricity 22,00,000 kWh 14,00,000 kWh 40%

Water 20,000 kL 9,000 kL 55%

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Summery And Conclusion
• Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system has been integrated for power
generation from solar panels
• Building is north-south oriented, with separate blocks connected through corridors and
a huge central courtyard
• More than 50% area outside the building is covered with vegetation
• 75% of building floor space is day lit, thus reducing dependence on artificial lighting
• Central courtyard helps in air movement as natural ventilation happens due to stack
effect. Additionally, windows and jaalis add to cross ventilation
• Energy efficient lighting system (Lighting Power Density = 5 W/m2)
• High efficiency glass, high Visual Light Transmittance (VLT), low Solar Heat Gain
Constant & Low U-value, optimized by appropriate shading

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 Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) are provided in chilled water pumping system,
cooling tower fans and AHUs
 Fresh supply air is pre-cooled from toilet exhaust air through sensible & latent
heat energy recovery wheel
 Building Management System (BMS) has been integrated to monitor and control
all building systems • Solar PV system of 930 kW has been integrated to generate
300 kWh/day to meet the operational electricity demand of the building
 160 Tonnes of Refrigerant of AC load of the building is met through chilled beam
system. Chilled
 Beam are used from second to sixth floor. This reduces energy use by 50 %
compared to a conventional system

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 Thank You
Name of students Medi-Caps University, Indore