UNIT 3

THE ELECTRIC MOTOR

 CONTENTS OF UNIT 3

Lead-in

1. Reading Skimming

2. Use of language Describing function, Cause and

effect
3. Writing Describing components

4. Word study Describing shapes

5. Speaking Describing components

 Lead-in

pumper

fan

Vacuum cleaner
 Lead-in

Washing machine Dishwasher

Sewing machine
 Lead-in

Electric water heater Air-conditioning

Microwave oven
Blender
 Lead-in

Electric water heater Air-conditioning

Microwave oven
Blender
 Reading
one phase

three phase
DC motor AC motor

universal motor
Reading
 Stator winding

magnetic
field
pole

frame stationary
magnet

field magnet electromagnet

permanent
magnet

creat a magnet field

 Armature

Loop of
wire

a piece
of iron

converts electromagnetic energy to rotation

 Drive shaft

shaft

transfers rotation from the motor

 Commutator

a split ring

reverses the current to the armature

 Brushes

reverses the current to the armature

 Bearing

bearing

support the drive shaft

 Review: movement

turn/rotate

reverse
 Use of language

1 Describing function

What is the electric circuit?

It converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.

An electric motor converts electrical energy to

mechanical energy

The function of an electric motor is to convert

electrical energy to mechanical energy
 Use of language

1 Describing function

What does a fuse do?

It protect a circuit.

The function of a fuse is to protect a circuit

 Use of language
1 Describing function
adds resistance to a circuit

varies the current in a circuit

adds capacitance to a circuit

selects a frequency

transforms AC voltages
 Use of language
1 Describing function
protect a circuit

breaks a circuit

measures very small currents

rectifies alternating currents

receives RF signal
 Use of language
2 Cause and effects

cause   effect

Insulation
breakdown causes short circuit
  results in  
  produces  
  leads to  
  gives rise to  
  is the cause of  
 Use of language
2 Cause and effects

effect   cause

short insulation
circuit are caused by breakdown
  result from  
  arise from  
  are the effect of  
  are the result of  
  are the consequence of  
 Use of language
1 Describing function

glare arching across the points

eddy currents power losses in transformers
faulty soldering
sparking
serious accidents
failure of a point breakdown of the motor
capacitor
discomfort to the eyes
exceeding the
motor rating damage to semiconductor
faulty earth
connections bad joints
excessive heat interference in receivers
 Writing Desribing components
1 dismantle a piece of equipment into its main parts
consists of
A is made up of X and Y
is composed of
2 name components
carbon blocks known as/called brushes

3 locate components
The armature is placed between the poles
4 connect components
The loop is connected to the commutator
 Word study
rectangular
E-shape
T-shape

Ceramic capacitor Transformer laminations

tubular

resistor
 Word study
Semi-
rectangular

straight

magnet antenna

cylindrical

Electrolytic capacitor