NUMBER SYSTEM

PPT Made By : Rohit Jha

Class : 7A
Subject : Computers
 NUMBER SYSTEMS
A number system defines how a number can be
represented using distinct symbols.
 Many number systems were introduced with the
passage of time, like:
 Decimal number system
 Binary number system
 Octal number system
 Hexadecimal number system
 BASE (RADIX)
The total number of digits used in a number system is called its
Base or Radix .
•The larger the base, the more numerals are required.
Decimal- Base 10
Binary- Base 2
Octal- Base 8
Hexadecimal- Base 16
 DECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM
 The need for counting has paved the path to introduce decimal number system in
which 10 digits 0,1,2,3…9 are used to form any number.
 Most of our arithmetic operations are performed with decimal numbers.
•The prefix ‘Deci’ stands for 10.
•The decimal number system is a base 10 number system.
•The value of each digit in a number depends upon the following:
 The face value of the digits
 The base of the number system
 The position of the digit in the number
 BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM

 A binary number system is one of the four types

of number system.
 In computer applications, where binary numbers
are represented by only two symbols or digits,
i.e. 0 (zero) and 1(one).
 For example, (101)2 is a binary number.
 CONVERSION OF DECIMAL NUMBER INTO
BINARY SYSTEM
The rules are:
1. Divide the given
decimal number with the
base 2.
2. Write down their
remainder and divide the
quotient again by 2.
3. Repeat the step 2 till the
quotient is 0
 CONVERSION OF BINARY INTO
DECIMAL NUMBER
The rules are:
 1. Multiply each binary number with
2 having the power 0 for unitary
position, starting from the extreme
right digit.
 2. Increase the power one by one
keeping the base fixed as 2. 3. Sum
up all the products to get the decimal
number. Example-
 OCTAL NUMBER SYSTEM 

 Octal Number System has a base of eight and uses the number from 0 to 7.
 The octal numbers, in the number system , are usually represented by binary numbers when they are
grouped in pairs of three.
Problem: Suppose 560 is a decimal number. Convert it into an octal number.
Solution: If 560 is a decimal number, then,
560/8=70 and remainder is 0
70/8=8 and remainder is 6
8/8=1 and remainder is 0
And 1/8=0 and remainder is 1
So the octal number starts from MSD (Most Significant Digit) to LSD (Least Significant Digit), i.e. 1060
Therefore, 56010 = 10608
 HEXADECIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM

 In the hexadecimal number system, the numbers are

represented with base 16.
 It is also pronounced sometimes as ‘hex’. 
 As we know, there are 16 digits in hexadecimal numbers,
represented from 0 to 9 same like decimals, but after that, it
starts with an alphabetical representation of preceding numbers
such as A, B, C, D and E.
 BINARY ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS
Binary Addition
 Adding two binary numbers will give us a binary number itself.
 For example: Add 11012 and 10012.
Solution: 

Binary Subtraction
 Subtracting two binary numbers will give us a binary number itself.
 BINARY ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS

 Binary Multiplication
 The multiplication process is the same for the
binary numbers as it is for numerals.

 Binary Division
 The binary division is similar to the decimal
number division method.