DESIGN OF A HOSTEL

• PREPARED BY:

• DHANASEKAR.C 732518103005
• MOHAMMED THABSHEER.VK 732518103303
• NASLIN.CV 732518103306
• TAGE ATO 732518103017
 OBJECTIVE:

To execute the project economically, and finish
it under the given time period

To design a hostel capable of accommodating

large no. of students without any congestion
 ABSTRACT:

The foremost basic in structural engineering is
the design of simple basic components and
members of a building viz, slabs, beams, columns
and footings. For their design Autocad was used.
In order to design them, first we need to obtain a
plan. Thereby depending on the suitability, plan
layout of beams and the positions of columns are
fixed. Therafter, the vertical loads are calculated
namely the dead load and live load from IS: 875.

In this project, the design of the floors of the
hostel is done according to the Indian
Standards. IS 456 has been used for the
reinforcement design. IS 875 has been used for
the estimation of all loads on the structure viz
Dead load, Live load and Wind load. Once the
loads are obtained, the slabs are designed. The
analysis and designing of beams and columns
are done by “STAAD PRO” software tool. The
footings are designed manually, after
completion of designing the detailed estimation
has to be carried out.
 REPORT
• Its is a case study based on PSMO college in
Gobiangadi.
• The proposed site for hostel building is situated
to the south side of Engineering College.
• Water for construction can be obtained from the
existing well at the site.
• The building was planned to satisfy the various
requirements keeping in view the provisions of
the building rules.
• A detailed plan was prepared to a scale of
1:100.
• The building consists of 14 rooms.Each room
accomodates 4 students.
• Hostel has all facilities like kitchen, store,
dining, bathrooms, toilets etc.
• All the structural members are designed by
limit state method as per IS CODE 456:2000.
• The materials used are M20 grade concrete
and Fe 415 steel.
• A detailed estimate is prepared as per
drawings and deign showings the quantities of
each items.
• The estimated cost of the project is
Rs. 11272913.239/-
SECTIONAL VIEW
HOSTEL GROUND FLOOR
HOSTEL FIRST FLOOR
 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
• P.C.C. : 1:4:8 using 40mm nominal size broken
stone 200mm thick.
• FOUNDATION : RR masonry in CM 1:6,
600x650mm
• BASEMENT : RR masonry in CM 1:6,
300x300mm
• SUPER STRUCTURE :Laterite Masonry in CM
1:5, 200mm thick
• FLOORING : PCCI 1:4:8 using 20mm nominal
size broken stone 10cm thick and top
plastered with CM 1:3 10mm thick.
• POINTING : The exposed of bsement is
pointed with CM 1:3
• WHITE WASHING : All the surface of building
are white washed with two coats of lime.
• PAINTING: Wood work and iron work are
painted with two coats over priming coats.
 SCHEDULE OF OPENINGS
Sl.No SYMBOLS ITEM SIZE
1 DW DOOR CUM 2.50X2.10
WINDOWS
2 D1 DOOR 1.00X2.10

3 D2 DOOR 0.80X2.10

4 W1 WINDOW 1.50X1.50

5 W2 WINDOW 1.00X1.50

6 W3 WINDOW 0.50X1.50

7 GR GRILL 17.63X10
V VENTILATOR 0.90X0.60
 CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
M20 OF CONCRETE
• 1. REQUIREMENTS:
• a) Specified minimum strength = 20 N/Sq mm
• b) Durability requirements
i) Exposure Moderate
ii) Minimum Cement Content = 300 Kgs/cum
• c) Cement
(Refer Table No. 5 of IS:456-2000)
i) Make Chetak (Birla)
ii) Type OPC
iii) Grade 43
• d) Workability
i) compacting factor = 0.7
• e) Degree of quality control Good
• 2. TEST DATA FOR MATERIALS SUPPLIED:
• a) CEMENT
i) Specific gravity = 3.05
ii) Avg. comp. strength 7 days = 46.5 more
than 33.0 OK
28 days = 55.0 more than 43.0 OK
• b) COARSE AGGREGATE
i) 20mm Graded
Type Crushed stone aggregate
Specific gravity = 2.68
Water absorption = 1.46
Free (surface) moisture = 0
• SIEVE ANALYSIS RESULTS: (coarse aggregate)
IS SIEVE SIZE PERCENT CUMULATIVE % PERCENT
RETAINED RETAINED PASSING

40 mm 0.00 0.00 100.00

20 mm 0.60 0.00 99.40

10 mm 74.10 0.00 25.90

4.75 mm 97.00 0.00 3.00

• c) FINE AGGREGATE (Coarse sand)
i) Type Natural (Ghaggar)
Specific gravity = 2.6
Water absorption = 0.5
Free (surface) moisture = 1.4
• SIEVE ANALYSIS RESULTS: (fine aggregate)
IS SIEVE SIZE PERCENT CUMULATIVE % PERCENT
RETAINED RETAINED PASSING

10 mm 0.00 0.00 100.00

4.75 mm 5.20 5.20 94.80

2.36 mm 3.00 8.20 91.80

1.18 mm 8.60 16.80 83.20

600 microns 25.80 42.60 57.40

300 microns 32.80 75.40 24.60

150 microns 20.70 96.10 3.90

• 3. TARGET MEAN STRENGTH (TMS)
a) Statistical constant K = 1.65
b) Standard deviation S = 4.6
Thus, TMS = 27.59 N/Sqmm
• 4. SELECTION OF W/C RATIO
a) As required for TMS = 0.5
b) As required for ‘Moderate’ Exposure = 0.55
Assume W/c ratio of 0.5
• 5. DETERMINATION OF WATER & SAND CONTENT
For W/C = 0.6
C.F. = 0.8
Max. Agg. Size of 20 mm
a) Water content = 186 Kg/cum
b) Sand as percentage of total aggregate by
absolute volume = 35 %
• Thus,
Net water content = 180.42 Kg/cum
Net sand percentage = 33 %
 Adjustments
Sr.N Change in Adjustments (in %) required in
o. condition
Water content Sand content
Rate W Rate P
i) Sand conforming 0 0 0 0
to Zone-II

ii) Decrease in CF by -3 -3 0 0
0.1
(CF reqd=0.7)
iii) Each 0.05
decrease in 0 0 -1 -2
W/c=0.5
Decrease=0.6-
0.5=1

iv) For rounded egg NA NA

TOTAL ADJUSTMENTS -3 -2
• 6. DETERMINATION OF CEMENT CONTENT
W/c ratio = 0.5
Water content = 180.42 Kg/cum
Thus, Cement content = 360.84 Kg/cum Adequate for
moderate exposure Say 360 Kg/cum

• 7. DETERMINATION OF COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATE

CONTENT
Assume entrapped air as 2 %
Thus,
0.98 cum = [180.42+360/3.05 + {1/0.33}*{fa/2.6}]/1000
& 0.98 cum = [180.42+360/3.05 +
{1/0.67}*{Ca/2.68}]/1000
Hence,
fa = 584 Kg/cum
Ca = 1223.8 Kg/cum
• The final mix proportions of M-20 grade of
concrete become:-
Water Cement FA CA

180.42 360 584 1233.8

0.50 1.00 1.62 3.40

 DESIGN OF FOOTING
• Size of column = 400 x 200mm
• Area required for the footing = (W + Wd)/ UBC
• Where;
• W = Pu= 371.94KN (Factored load )
• Wd= Self weight of footing
• = 10% of load on column = (10/100) x 371.94
• = 37.194KN
• Safe bearing capacity = 150 KN/m
• Ultimate bearing capacity = 150 x 2 = 300KN/m
• Total load under loading = 371.94 + 37.194
• = 409.134KN
Area required for footing = Total load/UBC = 409.134/300
=1.363m
Provide size of footing = 1600x1400mm
Area provided = 2.24m
Net upward pressure, qu = W/Area provided
= 371.94/2.24 = 166.04KN/m
Bending moment, Mu = [qux B x (L-l)/8 ]
= [166.04 x 1.4 x (1.6-0.4)/8
= 41.842KNm
Depth required =√(MU/Rb)
= √[(41.842 x ) / (0.138 x 20 x 1400)]= 104.060mm
Therefore provide a depth of 300mm.
Mu/Bd = (41.842 x ) / (1400 x 300) = 0.332
From SP16, Table 2
% of Ast, Pt= 0.090
(Ast/Bd) x 100 = Pt = 0.090
Therefore Ast = (0.090 x 1400 x 300)/100 = 378mm
Minimum area of reinforcement = 0.12% of gross area
= (0.12 x 1400 x 300)/100 = 504mm
Ast<Min Ast. Hence provide Area of steel = 504mm
Provide 10mm ø bar;
Area of one bar = ((π/4)x10) = 78.539mm
No. of bar = 504/78.539 = 6.417 = 7No.s
Therefore Ast provided = (7 x (π/4) x 10) = 549.778mm

• CHECK FOR DEVELOPMENT LENGTH;

Ld=[(σs x ø)/(4 x τbd] = [(415 x 10)/(4 x 1.2 x 1.6)] = 540.364mm

[(B-b)/2] – Cover = [(1400-200)/2] – 50 = 550mm
550 > 540.364mm.
Hence safe against development length.
• CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR :- (Diagonal shear)

Shear force at critical section , Vu = qu x B x [((B-b)/2)-d]

= 166.04 x 1400 x [((1400-200)/2)-300] x 10­ˉ³
= 69.736 x 10³ N
Nominal shear stress ,τv = Vu/(Bd)
= (69.736 x 10³)/(1400 x 300) = 0.166N/mm
Percentage of Ast = (Ast/Bd) x 100 = [549.778/(1400 x 300)] x
100
= 0.1308
From Table 19,
τc= 0.28MPa
τv<τc<τcmax; Hence safe against one way shear.
• CHECK FOR TWO WAY SHEAR :- (Punching shear)

Shear force at critical section, Vu = qu x [LB-((l+d) x (b+d))]

Vu = 166.04 x [1.60 x 1.40-((0.40+0.30) x(0.20+0.30))]
=313.815KN = 313.815 X 10³N
As per code ;

τv= Vu/(bo d)
Where ;
bo = Periphery of critical section
= (0.70 x 2) + (0.50 x 2) = 2.4m
Therefore τv= (313.815 x 10³)/(2.40 x 10³x 300) = 0.435MPa
Permissible shear stress = Ks x τc
Where;
τc= 0.25√fck = 0.25 x √20 = 1.118
Ks = (0.5 + βc) < 1
Where;
βc= Ratio of short side to long side = 1.40/1.60 = 0.875
Therefore Ks = 0.5 + 0.875 = 1.375 > 1
Hence provide Ks = 1
Permissible shear stress = Ks x τc = 1 x 1.118 = 1.118MPa
τv<Permissible shear stress . Hence safe against two way shear.

• TRANSFER OF LOAD :-
Actual bending stress = √(A1/A2) < 2
A1 = 800 X 1000 = 800 X 10³ mm
A2 = bd = 200 x 300 = 60 x 10³ mm
√(A1/A2) = √((800 x 10³)/(60 x 10³)) = 3.651 > 2
Therefore provide √(A1/A2) = 2
Permissible bending stress = W/bd
= ((371.94 x 10³)/(200 x 400)) = 4.65
Permissible bending stress > Actual bending stress .
Hence safe.
 DESIGN OF COLUMN
• Size of column = 400x200mm
• Concrete mix = M20
• Characteristic strength of reinforcement = 250N/ mm
• Factored load = 351.29KN
• Factored moment = 24.70KNm
• Arrangement of reinforcement on two sides;
• Assume the moment due to minimum eccentricity is less than the
actual moment
• Assume 20mmØ bars with 40mm cover
• d’ = 40+10 = 50mm
• d’/D = 50/400 = 0.125
• Chart d’/D = 0.15 will be used
= 0.219
= 0.038

Reinforcement on two sides;

From chart 29,
P/fck = 0
Hence provide minimum area of reinforcement
x 200x400 = 640mm
Provide 16mmØ bar,
No. of bar = 3.18 = 4no.s
Therefore area provided = 4 x x= 804.247mm
• LATERAL TIES :-
Minimum diameter = x 16 = 4mm
Provide lateral ties of 6mmØ

• PITCH :-
 Least lateral dimension = 200mm
 16x16 = 256mm
 300mm

∴ provide 200mm pitch

 DESIGN OF BEAM
• Span of beam =3.9m
• Assume,
• Over all depth = 450mm
• Effective cover = 25mm
• Effective depth = 450-25 = 425mm
• Use Fe 415 steel and M20 grade concrete
• Mu at support = 62.74KNm
• Mu at mid span=16.688KNm
• Reinforcement at support
• Assume 20 mm dia bar with 25mm clear cover
• From table D, for Fy=415 and Fck =20 MPa
= 2.76
𝑀𝑢lim = 2.75×200×425 = 99.705KNm>62.74
ie,Mu<Mulim
Therefore It is designed as singly reinforced beam = 1.736
From table 2, page 48
percentage of reinforcement, Pt = 0.534
×100 = 0.534
∴Ast = 453.9mm
Check,
Minimum Ast = 174.09 mm
∴ Ast= 453.9mm
Area of one bars = ×12 = 113.097 mm
No of bar = 4no.s
∴provide 4no.s of 12mm dia bars at support
Ast = 4×× 12 = 452.389 mm

• MUAT MID SECTION :-

Span of beam =3.9m
Assume
Over all depth = 450mm
Effective cover = 25mm
Effective depth = 450-25 = 425mm
Use Fe 415 steel and M20 grade concrete
Mu at mid span = 38.481KNm
From table D, for Fy= 415 and fck =20 MPa
= 2.76
𝑀𝑢𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 2.75×200×425= 99.705KNm >38.481
Ie., Mu<Mu lim
It is designed as singly reinforced beam
= 1.0652
From table 2, page 48,
Pt=0.315
×100 = 0.315
∴Ast = 261.45mm
Check,
Minimum Ast = 174.09 mm
∴ Ast = 261.45mm
Area of one bar = ×12 = 113.097 mm
No of bars = = 2.311 = 3no.s
∴provide 3 no.s of 12mm dia bars
Shear reinforcement for mid span:
Vu = 86.17KN = 86170N
τv = 1.0137
To find τc
% of Ast = ×100 = x100 = 0.532
τc = 0.4928N/ mm
τv = 1.0137N/ mm
τc max = 2.8N/ mm
τv>τc<τc max
∴Shear reinforcement should be provided
Vus = Vu-(τc×bd)
= 86170-(0.4928×200×425)
Vus = 44282

provide 8mm dia two legged

stirrups
Asv= 2× ×8 = 100.530mm
Sv= 209.8537mm
∴provide 8mm dia bars @200mm
c/c
 DESIGN OF ROOF SLAB
( First Floor Room)
• Size of slab = 3900 x • Assume over all depth,
4200mm D = 120mm
• Wall thickness = 200 mm • Effective depth,
• Live load = 1.5 KN/m² D =120-20 = 100mm
• Self weight of slab = • Effective span,
1x1x0.12x25 = 3KN/m² lx = 3.90 + 0.10
= 4m
• Total factored load =
(1.5+3)x1.50 = 6.75KN/m² • ly = 4.2 + 0.10 = 4.30m
• Fck = 20 N/mm² • k = 𝑙𝑦 /𝑙𝑥 = 4.30 /4 =
1.075 < 2
• Fy = 415 N/mm²
• Hence it is two way slab.
• BENDING MOMENT COEFFICIENT :-
Positive moment;
αₓ = 0.027
αy = 0.024
Negative moment;αₓ = 0.0357 αy =
0.032
Mₓ(+) = αₓW(lₓ)² = 0.027x6.75x4² = 2.916KNm
My(+) = αyW(lₓ)² = 0.024x6.75x4² =2.592KNm
Mx(-) = αₓW(lₓ)² = 0.0357x6.75x4² = 3.861KNm
My(-) = αyW(lₓ)²= 0.032x6.75x4² = 3.456KNm
• Effective depth required, d = 37.402mm < depth provided
Hence it is safe.
• AREA OF REINFORCEMENT;

Ast(x +ve) = bd
= 1000 x 100
= 82.207mm
Ast(y +ve) = bd
= 1000 x 100
= 72.93mm
Ast(x -ve) = bd
= 1000 x 100
= 109.478mm
Ast(y -ve)= bd
= 1000 x 100
= 97.751 mm
Mini.Astas per code = 0.12% of total cross section
= x 1000 x 120 = 144mm

• SPACING :-
Short span;
Ast= 109.478mm<144mm
Provide Ast = 144mm
Assume 8mmф bars,
Spacing = = 349.065mm>300mm
Maximum spacing as per code = 3d or 300mm
Provide spacing = 300mm
Provide 8mmф bars @ 300mm c/c spacing
Long span;
Ast = 97.751mm
Spacing = = 349.065mm
Provide 8mmф bars @ 300mm c/c spacing

• CHECK FOR DEFLECTION:

Asper code, Bv modified >Bv Actual
Basic value modified = Bv for span x K1 x K2
Bv for span = 26
If the span is less than 10m, K1= 1
To find Modification factor,
fs = 0.58fy x
fs = 0.58x415x 1= 240.70
Percentage of steel,
Pt = x 100 = x 100 = 0.144%
from graph,
Modification factor,K2 = 2
Bv modified = Bv for span x K1 x K2 = 26x1x2 = 52
Bv Actual = l/d = 3.9/0.10 = 39
∴ Bv modified > Bv Actual
Hence it is safe against deflection.
 CONCLUSION
Total cost of building = 9866007.597
Septic tank = 48332.20
Rain water harvesting tank = 101447.634
Compound wall = 422095.20
Add 2% for electrification charge = 208757.652
Add 2% for water supply and sanitary works = 208757.652
Add 2% for contingencies = 208757.652
Add 2% for work charged establishment = 208757.652

FINAL COST = 11272913.239

Therefore, the total cost of construction is Rs. 11272913.239.