FIRE SAFETY NORMS

SUBMITTED TO
AR.FURKAN BAIG MIRZA

SUBMITTED BY
AASTHA RATHI
AYUSHI SHARMA
DEVIKA PARIHAR
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SURABHI SINHA
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FIRE SAFETY DESIGN ANALYSIS 3
FIRES SPREAD FAST 4
NATURE OF FIRE 5
STEPS OF FIRE MANAGEMENT

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FIRE SAFETY OBJECTIVES 7
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STEPS OF EMERGENCY
MANAGEMENT

1. PREVENTION
1. 2.
Actions must be taken to
avoid accident.

Deterrence operation & 3.

surveillance 5.

Stopping an accident
from occurring
4.

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2. MITIGATION

Refers to measures that

prevent an emergency

Reduce chance of an
emergency happening.

Includes establishing
building codes & zoning
requirements, installing
shutters and constructing
barriers
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3. PREPAREDNESS

Developing mutual aid

agreements and
memorandum of
understanding
Training for both response
personnel and concerned
citizens
Conducting disaster
exercises to reinforce
training and test
capabilities
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4. REPONSE

Actions carried out

before,during,and
immediately after
hazard impact
Activating the
emergency operations
center
Evacuating threatened
populations, opening
shelters and providing
mass care

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5. RECOVERY

Restoration of basic
services and repair of
physical,social &
economic damages
Debris cleanup,financial
assistance to individuals
Sustain mass care for
displaced human and
animal population
Rebuilding of roads and
key facilities
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FIRE PLANNING & MANAGEMENT

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ELEMENTS OF FIRE
PROTECTION PLAN
PREVENTION

ESCAPE
1. ESCAPE ROUTE
ROUTE
It is vital to ensure that people
have adequate time to
evacuate after a fire alarm bell FIRE VENTILATOR
sounds PROTECTION
PLAN
2. COMPARTMENTATION &
ELEMENTS
PREVENTION
It is easier for people to get Lorem
out of building if fire spreads ipsum
Lorem
STRUCTURE
ipsum
in a particular area. PROTECTION

All parts of allocated area

must be fire resistant including
walls, ceiling, and doors. 16
3. SMOKE EXTRACTION &
VENTILATORS
As smoke leads to suffocation in
breathing & also affects visibility,
implementation of smoke
extraction and ventilation is
necessary.
4. PROTECTION OF STRUCTURE 1. 3.
The structure should itself be
strong enough with some fire
resistant materials.
Building collapse causes life loss
as well as environmental loss.

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2. 4.
ARCHITECT & LAYOUT
PLANNING
● The design of the building
structure should be planned
so that it allows pressurised
exclusion of smoke in case of
fire.
● Must have enough doors &
windows for ventilation.
● Adequate refuge area &
emergency rescue aids.
● A heavy duty elevator for use
of fire fighting personnel only
in case of emergency.
● Each building must have
separate fire exit, staircase
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with proper signage.
● There should be sufficient
open space around building.
● Sufficient space between two
buildings to minimize fire
spread possibilities.
● Enough space for movement
and parking of fire fighting
vehicles,ambulances
● Wide approach road to
building.
● Consider size & number of
occupancy, lobbies,
staircases,ramps, for easy
movement of traffic & quick
evacuation during
emergencies.

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Emergency Escape
Routes
Exit routes:
•Continuous and
unobstructed path of exit
travel from any place in
workplace to safety
•Exit access, exit, exit
discharge
•Should be:
–Clearly marked
–Well-lit
–Appropriate width
–Unobstructed/clear 20
•Basic exit route
requirements:
–Permanent
–Separated by fire-resistant
materials
–Limited openings
–Adequate number of exit routes
–Discharge leading directly
outside
or to a place with access to
outside
–Exit door unlocked from inside
and side-hinged
–Adequate capacity
Minimum height and width

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•Clearly
communicate 3
elements of escape
route
–Exit access pathway
–Nearest exits from all
points of building
–Pathway away from
building structure

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Factors affecting response to emergencies:
•Type/extent of emergency
•Location of emergency
•Type of building in which workplace is located
•Shutting down critical operations

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Conditions Requiring
Evacuation

Evacuation maps show:

•Exits: to, thru, and away
•At least two ways out
–Primary exit
–Secondary exit
•Assembly area
•Location on the map
•Additional information –
Location of fire
extinguishers
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Evacuation actions:
•Alerting employees to
evacuate
–Alarm
–Annunciator panel/speaker
•Accounting for who has
exited
–How is that accomplished
•Keeping employees
informed
–All clear, re-enter, or remain at
assembly point
–Clear to leave workplace

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FIRE EVACUATION PLAN FOR OFFICE 26
FIRE EVACUATION PLAN FOR INDUSTRY 27
FIRE EVACUATION PLAN FOR INSTITUTE 28
FIRE EVACUATION PLAN FOR INDUSTRY 29
DIFFERENT ELEMENTS FOR FIRE SYSTEM 30
MINIMUM DISTANCE
BETWEEN SPRINKLERS - 6’

MAXIMUM DISTANCE
BETWEEN SPRINKLERS - 10’
DISTANCE FROM CEILING
MINIMUM- 1” MAX. - 12”

DISTANCE BETWEEN
DEFLECTOR & TOP OF STORAGE
SHALL BE 18”.

ALL THE STORAGE AND

OBJECTS IN ROOM SHOULD
REMAIN 18” BELOW THE
SPRINKLER.

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SECTION OF WHOLE FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM 32
SECTION OF THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM 33
SECTION THROUGH A BUILDING 34
ISO SECTION OF THE SPRINKLER SYSTEM 35
PLAN SHOWING FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM 36
FIRE EVACUATION
ROUTE
● EVACUATION ROUTE ARE
SHORTEST &
UNOBSTRUCTED

● THE CORRIDOR IS 2.3 M

WIDE & CAN
ACCOMODATE 10
OCCUPANTS ONCE.

● THE DIFFERENT COLOURS

OF ARROW IN FOLLOWING
DIAGRAM SHOWS
PATHWAY NEAREST TO
DIFFERENT RESPECTIVE
EMERGENCY EXIT

CASE STUDY OF OFFICE BUILDING 37

EXITS

CASE STUDY OF OFFICE BUILDING 38

EMERGENCY STAIRCASE

● LENGTH OF STAIRCASE IS 1100 MM

● TOTAL 22 FLIGHT OF STEPS
● TREAD IS 260 MM
● RISER IS 160 MM

CASE STUDY OF OFFICE BUILDING 39

COMPARTMENTATION

ESCAPE ROUTE

FIRE RISK ZONE

CASE STUDY OF OFFICE BUILDING 40

LOCATION OF WET RISER

CASE STUDY OF OFFICE BUILDING 41

FIRE EXTINGUISHER PLAN

FIRE
EXTINGUISHERS
ARE LOCATED NEAR
EACH ROOM AS
WELL AS NEAR
EMERGENCY EXITS.

CASE STUDY OF OFFICE BUILDING 42

FIRE ALARMS

THE FIRE ALARMS

ARE LOCATED NEAR
EACH EMERGENCY
EXITS ON THE
FLOOR FOR THE
SAFETY OF
OCCUPANTS.

CASE STUDY OF OFFICE BUILDING 43

FIRE LOBBY PRESSURIZATION
SYSTEM

IT ASSISTS IN PROVIDING
PRESSURE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN SPACES TO AVOID
MOVEMENT OF SMOKE INTO
SPECIFIC AREA WITH
PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM
BUILT IN.

CASE STUDY OF OFFICE BUILDING 44