- Dr.

Junita Azrini
-
HOW DO WE KNOW WHAT IS GOING ON AROUND US?

Humans have five senses

Help us to detect objects and the changes in the
surroundings

Our five senses are the sense of :

Sight (vision) – smell – touch – taste – hearing
 The sense organs - help to protect the body
 The human sense organs contain receptors relay information
through sensory neurons to the appropriate places within the
nervous system
 Each sense organ contains different receptors
THE SENSE OF SIGHT

 Eyes are important organs of

our body
 The organ of sight

 You can see with the eyes

 Some parts are for the vision

 Other parts are for the

protection
WHAT INFORMATION DO THE EYES GIVE US

ABOUT AN OBJECT?
MOST IMPORTANT PARTS OF EYES

The most important parts of

eye:
Pupil, Retina and Optic nerves.
Light enter the eye through the cornea and
aqueous humour to the pupil and to the lens of
the eye.
The convex lens focusses the light rays onto
the vitreous humour and the retina to produce
a clear image.

cornea aqueous humour pupil lens

optic nerve retina vitreous

humour
 Sense of Hearing
Ear is the sensory organ
of hearing
Our ear has 3 main parts:
The outer ear, filled with
air
The middle ear, filled
with air
The inner ear, filled with

liquid
Sound waves

Pinna get sound

Auditory canal Auditory nerve

Eardrum vibrate Liquid in cochlea vibrate

Ossicles vibrate Oval window

THE SENSE OF SMELL

What sense is she

using?
Nose is the sensory organ of smell .

Sensory cells are found in the upper roof of the

nose cavity.

Smell from chemical substances dissolves in the

mucus of the nose.

Mucus in the nose stimulates the sensory cells

of smell and sends impulses to the brain
through nerve cells. The brain identifies the
smells.
 Sense of Smell

dissolve
in mucus
Chemical Smell Nerves
substance reseptors

Smell is Nerves Brain

identified (interpret the
massage)
THE SENSE OF TASTE

The tongue is the organ of taste.

It is covered in small spots called taste
buds.

These taste buds identify flavours and

have nerves that send information to our
brain.

As you can see in the picture, the tongue

is divided in four flavours: BITTER,

SOUR, SALTY AND SWEET.
 bitter

sour sour

salty salty

sweet
All our senses work together, but the sense of smell
and taste are special partners. When we eat, our
nose smells the food and our tongue gives us the
taste of the food.

dissolve
in saliva
Chemical Taste Nerves
substance reseptors
(food)

Taste is Nerves Brain

identified (interpret the
massage)
Will the food taste as good as it normally does when our
nose is blocked?

It difficult to taste the food you eat when you

get a flu.
THE SENSE OF TOUCH

The skin is the organ of touch

It detects touch, temperature, pain, pressure, etc.

Our skin is covered with hair and small pores that release sweat.

Our skin is 2mm thick and consists of 2 layers which epidermis and
dermis.
There are also lots of nerves too that receive
information from what we touch and send it to the
brain.

The sensitivity of the skin

depends on the number of

sensory receptors and the

thickness of the epidermis

 Receptors in Nerves Brain
Stimulus Sense organ

Response Nerves
HOW TO TAKE CARE OF OUR SENSE....
Sensory organ do Don’t

Eyes - Eat fruits and - Do not rub you eyes

vegetables contain - Do not see the
vitamin A television too close
- Protect from too much -Do not read inside a
sunlight moving vehicle
- Rest your eyes by -Do not read while lying
looking outside. down
-Read in proper light
- wash eyes 2-3 times
daily to clean and relax
them
Sensory organ do Don’t

Tongue -Gently brush your -Do not share a tooth

tongue to remove tiny brush with a friend
bits of food trapped - do not brush your
between its folds. tongue too hard
- use a tongue scraper
- pay attention to the
color of your tongue
- stay hydrated

Nose -Use soft clothes or -Dont blow your nose

cotton balls to clean your too hard
nose after washing your - do not put any hard
face or taking a bath things or small things
- wear mask to protect (peanuts, raisin) to the
nose in dirty or dusty nose
environtment
Sensory organ do Don’t

Ears -Use soft cloth or cotton - Do not put any sharp

bud to clean your ear object in to your ears
after taking a bath - Do not listen any loud
-Avoid water enter to music
the ear while taking
bath or swimming
skin -Eat fruits and -Do not use other people
vegetables towel to dry your body
-Take a bath daily -Do not scratch the skin
-Avoid too much sun to hard
light - do not touch hot things
-Incase of skin infection,
please see the doctor
Thank you.....