Description & Special Operating

Precautions Of Energy & Ampere-hour

Measuring Instruments

Mark Angelo N. Baylon

BSELT 3A-1

By PresenterMedia.com
WATT HOUR METER
or ENERGY METER
an instrument
which measures
amount of electrical
energy used by the
consumers
• Utilities install these instruments at every place like
homes, industries, organizations to charge the
electricity consumption by loads such as lights, fans
and other appliances.

• Most interesting type are used as prepaid electricity

meters.

• These meters measure the instantaneous voltage

and currents, calculate its product and gives
instantaneous power. This power is integrated over
a period which gives the energy utilized over that
time period.
 Basic unit of
power is
“WATTS”.
1000 WATTS = 1
KILOWATT

If we use one kilowatt in one

hour, it is considered as one unit
of energy consumed.
 3 BASIC TYPES OF ENERGY METERS

• 1.
Electromechanical induction type Energy
meter
• 2. Electronic Energy meters
• 3. Smart Energy Meters
1. ELECTROMECHANICAL
INDUCTION TYPE ENERGY METER
popularly known and most common type of age old watt hour
meter

consists
of rotating aluminum disc mounted on a spindle
between two electro magnets

Speed of rotation of disc is proportional to the power and this

power is integrated by the use of counter mechanism and gear
trains. It comprises of two silicon steel laminated
electromagnets i.e., series and shunt magnets.
 2. ELECTRONIC ENERGY METERS
• accurate, high procession and reliable types of measuring
instruments as compared to conventional mechanical meters

• consumes less power and starts measuring instantaneously

when connected to load. These meters might be analog or
digital

• power is directly measured by high end processor. The power is

integrated by logic circuits to get the energy and also for testing
and calibration purpose. It is then converted to frequency or
pulse rate.
 3. SMART ENERGY METERS
• an advanced metering technology involving placing intelligent
meters to read, process and feedback the data to customers

• measures energy consumption, remotely switches the supply to

customers and remotely controls the maximum electricity
consumption

• Smart metering system uses the advanced metering

infrastructure system technology for better performance.
Operation:
• Electricity meters operate by continuously measuring the
instantaneous voltage (volts) and current (amperes) to give
energy used (in joules, kilowatt-hours etc.).

• Meters for smaller services (such as small residential customers)

can be connected directly in-line between source and customer.

• For larger loads, more than about 200 ampere of load, current
transformers are used, so that the meter can be located other
than in line with the service conductors.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
(HAZARD OF ELECTRIC SHOCK, EXPLOSION, OR ARC FLASH)

• Apply appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and

follow safe electrical work practices.

• Only qualified electrical workers should install this

equipment. Such work should be performed only after
reading this entire set of instructions.

• If the equipment is not used in a manner specified by the

manufacturer, the protection provided by the equipment may
be impaired.

• NEVER work alone.

• Before performing visual inspections, tests, or maintenance on
this equipment, disconnect all sources of electric power.
Assume that all circuits are live until they have been
completely de-energized, tested, and tagged. Pay particular
attention to the design of the power system. Consider all
sources of power, including the possibility of back feeding.

• Turn off all power supplying the demand controller and the
equipment in which it is installed before working on it.

• Always use a properly rated voltage sensing device to confirm

that all power is off.
• Before closing all covers and doors, inspect the work area for tools and
objects that may have been left inside the equipment.

• When removing or installing panels, do not allow them to extend into the
energized bus.

• The successful operation of this equipment depends upon proper

handling, installation, and operation. Neglecting fundamental installation
requirements may lead to personal injury as well as damage to electrical
equipment or other property.

• Before performing Dielectric (Hi-Pot) or Megger testing on any

equipment in which the energy meter is installed, disconnect all input and
output wires to the energy meter. High voltage testing may damage
electronic components contained in the demand controller.

• This equipment should be installed in a suitable electrical

enclosure.Failure to follow these instructions will result in death or
serious injury.

 
AMPERE HOUR
METERS
(Amp Hr Meter / AH Meter ) • similar to the watt – hour meter
which is used to calculate the
total usage of electricity at
households and commercial
establishments

• takes into account the ampere

hours and just like the watt hour
meter, it is also an integrating
meter.

• similar to the digital current

meter, just like the odometers
which are present in your
automobile
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTION &
PRECAUTIONS FOR USE

• This power supply is for industrial and scientific use .

• Check the polarity of the output carefully and if in doubt reconfirm with a
multi-meter

• Make absolutely sure that the load will not be damaged when the polarity is
reversed.

• This power supply is for Indoor Use Only.

• Do not expose the power supply to sun, high humid and dusty environment.

• Never remove the metal cover of the power supply while AC power is
connected.
• Never touch the unit when your hands are wet.
 
• Never block the ventilation slots and cooling fan air intake window
 
• Never attempt to repair the power supply. Incorrect re-assembly may
result in a risk of electric shock or fire.
 
• Never use the power supply for the load requiring higher current than
the designed value otherwise it may damage the power supply.
 
• Place the power supply on a flat surface with sufficient clearance, dry,
dust free surroundings for ventilation.

• The gauge sizes of input power cable must be at least 0.75mm2 for input
200-240Vac and at least1.25mm2for input 100-120Vac.
 
 
• The total length of power cable must not exceed 3m.
 
• Operating environmented conditions
 
- 10 – 80% R.H.
 
- Altitude up to 2000m
 
- Installation category : CAT II
 
- Pollution degree : 2
 
- Mains supply voltage fluctuation up to ±10% of the normal voltage
OPERATION:

Switch on the
Check the rating label of the Connect the power power supply
supply to the AC
power supply and make sure
Mains using the
and both the V
it complies with your AC provided power & A meter and
mains voltage. cord. AH meter will
light up.
4.3 The Overload LED (2) and the Reverse Polarity LED (7) should not
light up.

• If the Overload LED (2) lights up, the unit is a

malfunction .
 
• If the Reverse Polarity LED(7) lights up, turn the
Polarity Switch (6) to the left hand side.
 

4.4 at normal polarity (default setting) the red color terminal is the
POSITIVE pole
4.5

OPERATION
OF THE
AMPERE HOUR METER
Press the AH-METER RESET
BUTTON (5) to clear up any “ Run” LED lights up
old reading , and the meter only when there is a
should show 0.000 AH . The record of AH load at the Output
reading will be Terminal, and AH
retain even after meter is recording.
the power supply
is switched off .
When the AH meter
is functioning and
recording, the
“Run” LED lights up. 4.6 Connect the
AH meter continues equipment to the power
supply. Red (+) is
to add to last connected to the positive
The AH meter will only start to record if load is re- polarity input of the
function when the output connected. equipment and Black (-) is
terminal is connected to a load, connected to the negative
as soon as the polarity input of the
load is taken off, the “Run” LED equipment.
will be off, display still shows the
last run record.
4.7 Operation of Reverse Polarity Switch
• Take note of the reverse polarity LED , when it is on the RED Terminal becomes
(-) negative.

• Double check if the load will be damaged when the applied polarity from the
output terminal of the
power supply is reversed.

• Check the reading on the Ammeter , if it is over 2A , disconnect the load , and
the current meter should
be zero , turn the reverse polarity to the left hand side and re-connect the load.

• At low load current of less than 2A, you can reverse the polarity without
disconnecting the load.

• When the reverse polarity switch appears not working , it may be locked due to
built high load current
protection function .Disconnecting the load should re-activate the switch again.
4.8 You can now operate the equipment adjusting the
voltage at will.

When an operation is finished, switch off the equipment

first or disconnect the load and then switch off
the power supply.
 
It is a good practice to turn the Reverse Polarity Switch to
the left hand side at default position.