Carbon and Its Compounds

From Pg-141 to 144

Participants
Garv Utekar, Nikhil Kothavade, Sammyak Gaikwad, Satej Gharat
Carbon Dioxide

 Carbon Dioxide in its free state ,constitutes about 0.04% of air by volume.
 It is the main oxide of carbon formed during the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels,
 It is also produced in respiration
 Atmospheric CO2 is consumed by plants in preparation of food during
photosynthesis.
 CO2 was discovered by Jan Baptista van Helmont
 Joseph Black Showed that carbon dioxide is a constituent of limestone.
 Antonie Lavoisier studied the role of carbon dioxide in respiration.
Tests of Carbon Dioxide
Test 1

 When Carbon Dioxide gas is passed through lime water, the limewater
turns milky due to formation of insoluble calcium carbonate.
 However, on passing excess of carbon dioxide, the milkiness
disappears due to formation of calcium bicarbonate which is soluble
in water.
Test 2

 When Burning candle or a burning jar containing carbon

dioxide, the flame gets extinguished.
Properties of carbon dioxide:
Physical properties-
 It is colourless, odourless and slightly acidic gas.
 It is fairly soluble in water.
 It is denser than air.
 It forms a snow-white solid called dry ice when cooled to -78 degree
centigrade. On heating dry ice it sublimes (i.e.passes directly from
solid to gas) to form gaseous carbon dioxide.
 It is non-poisonous gas, but its increased concentration in air can
cause suffocation.
Chemical Properties:

 It is a covalent compound of carbon and oxygen.

 Magnesium burns in the presence of carbon dioxide to
form its oxides and black specks of carbon.
Chemical Reactions

 2Mg + CO2 → MgO + C

 3CO2 + 6H2 → CH₄+ 2CO + 4H2O
 2NaOH + CO2 → Na₂CO₃ +H2O
 Na₂CO₃ + CO2 + H2O → 2NaHCO₃
 CaCO₃ + H2O + CO2 → Ca(HCO3)2
Now we will Play a Game
Summary

 Carbon Dioxide is present as 0.04% by volume in air.

 Carbon Dioxide turns lime water milky.
 Flame gets extinguished when there is no oxygen.
 It is colourless, odourless and slightly acidic gas.
 It is a covalent compound of carbon and oxygen.
Thank You!