SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT
Submitted to:
Mr. Umar Farooq Sir

Submitted By:
Group-2 Section -2 (AIML)
Ananya Agarwal 21SCSE1180089
Naina Singh 21SCSE1180170
Pranav Srivastav 21SCSE1180071
Khushi Puri 21SCSE1180161
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 INTRODUCTION

 The term solid waste management mainly

refers to the complete process of collecting,
treating and disposing of solid wastes.
 In the waste management process, the wastes
are collected from different sources and are
disposed of. This process includes collection,
transportation, treatment, analysis and disposal
of waste.

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 CLASSIFICATION OF SOLID WASTE ON THE
BASIS OF:
THEIR SOURCE OF ORIGIN
Municipal Solid wastes: Solid wastes that include household garbage, rubbish, construction & packaging
materials, trade refuges etc. are managed by any municipality.
Bio-medical wastes: Solid or liquid wastes including containers, products generated during diagnosis,
treatment & research activities of medical sciences.
Industrial wastes: Liquid and solid wastes that are generated by manufacturing & processing units of
various industries like chemical, petroleum, coal, metal gas, sanitary & paper etc.
Agricultural wastes: Wastes generated from farming activities. These substances are mostly biodegradable.
Fishery wastes: Wastes generated due to fishery activities.
E-wastes: Electronic wastes generated from any modern establishments. They may be described as
discarded electrical or electronic devices. Some electronic scrap components, such as CRTs, wires, circuits,
mobile, computers etc.

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 Characteristics of solid waste .
Density

Moisture content
Size of waste constituents
Calorific value
Field capacity
Permeability of compacted waste
Compressibility

And many more chemical properties

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 Effects of Solid Waste
Health Hazard & Environmental Hazard
• Inappropriate disposal of municipal solid waste ,results in the production of foul
smell and spread of diseases, due to the decomposition of biological matter.
• This may lead to epidemic outbreaks.
• It enhances air and water pollution.
• Water contaminated due to improper disposal of solid waste causes diseases like
diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid, cholera, plague, etc.
• Toxic metals like mercury and lead are released into the environment due to
inappropriate disposal of industrial solid wastes. Hazardous solid wastes
released by industries also cause soil pollution and affect the productivity of
soils.
• Contamination of groundwater takes place because of toxic substances release
from solid wastes.

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Concept of 3Rs in Waste Management

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Reduce

As you can likely deduce from its being the first of the
three R’s, reducing is the best way to go about
managing solid waste. By just doing a few things to
cut back you can noticeably reduce your waste without
totally altering your lifestyle. You could do this by:

Buying products with less packaging. Did you know
that 30% of the waste in our landfills comes from
product packaging? When shopping for items choose
the ones in just one bog or bag as opposed to those that
are double and triple packaged.

Buying products in bulk. By buying more of the same
item all at once you reduce the overall amount of
packaging you will encounter.
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 Reuse

The second R is for reuse. This one is becoming more and more
popular with the surge of upcycling and craft projects all over
the web. If you reuse something as opposed to throwing it away
you keep waste out of landfills and create something new.

Don’t automatically throw away items that are broken, several
can be reused and turned into great new things!

Use sealable containers rather than plastic wrap.

Invest in some reusable shopping bags or bring old plastic ones
with you to the store.

Look into upcycling ideas for common household items, many
have alternate uses you may never have thought about.

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 Recycle
● The final, and probably the best known, R stands for recycling. As you probably know, recycling is the
process of remanufacturing a product to be sold as new. Along with the basics of paper, plastic, glass, and
cardboard there are tons of items which can be recycled that you may not even realize. And remember,
recycling only works if you complete the process by buying recycled materials. Start recycling today by
doing any of the following:
● Check with your municipal garbage company to see if they have a recycling option as well. This can help
make recycling even easier.
● Check with local recycling facilities to see what items they accept.
● Start an office recycling program.

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 Solid waste storage
• Storage Containers Required. It shall be the duty and responsibility of every
person in possession, charge or control of any establishment where garbage or
refuse is created or accumulated to at all times keep or cause to be kept
adequate portable storage containers of approved size, type and construction
and to deposit or cause to be deposited all garbage, rubbish or waste in said
storage containers.
• Storage containers shall be strong, watertight, not easily corrodible, rodent-
resistant, insect-resistant. Each storage container shall be kept clean inside and
out by the customer. Covers shall not be removed except when necessary to
place garbage and refuse in the storage container or to remove the same
therefrom. 
• Bulky dry rubbish, such as cardboard or wooden boxes, tree limbs, magazines
and newspaper, shall be flattened and tied in bundles with a stout cord. Yard
waste and other dry rubbish which can be placed in plastic garbage bags may
also be collected. Bags shall be leak-proof, durable in quality and when offered
for collection shall be securely tied or fastened at the top and shall not contain
any rips, tears or holes

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 Solid waste collection
Solid waste collection shall be required by all residential dwelling units. It
shall be the responsibility of the owner or occupant of any residential
dwelling unit to apply for solid waste collection services. The city public
works department, sanitation collection division, shall be the sole,
exclusive solid waste collection service for all residential dwelling units,
including but not limited to single-family dwellings, multiple-family
dwellings, townhouses, apartment complexes and trailer parks.
Collection and hauling of household hazardous waste, white goods,
recyclables and other solid wastes which are not household solid waste
shall be the responsibility of the residential dwelling unit owner or
occupant.
Commercial accounts may use their own equipment and their own
employees to collect and haul solid waste generated by the business to
the municipal landfill or contract solid waste collection services to the
city of Ketchikan public works department, sanitation collection division.

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 Solid waste disposal
Solid Waste Handling and Recycling Facility.Methods for
operations of the facility and policies for acceptance and
disposal of solid waste are matters within the sole discretion of
the city of Ketchikan. Waste other than mixed municipal waste
or inert waste may be accepted with condition or prohibited.
The following items are prohibited: trees and root wads, soil with
organics, metals, and hazardous materials, fuel tanks which have
not been properly cleaned or ends not removed, and tires from
heavy truck and equipment.
All garbage, household hazardous wastes and white goods shall be
disposed of at the municipal landfill or at any other landfill
approved by the city and all applicable governmental agencies.
Construction wastes, demolition wastes, industrial wastes,
recyclables, rubbish, tires and yard wastes shall be disposed of at
the municipal landfill 

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METHODS OF SOLID WASTE
DISPOSAL
Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary
conditions, and these conditions in turn lead to pollution of the
environment. They can also pose a wide variety of economic,
administrative and social problems that must be changed and solved.
Methods of Solid Waste Disposal and Management:
1)Solid Waste Open Burning
2) Sea dumping process
3) Solid wastes sanitary landfills
4) Incineration method
5) Composting process
6) Disposal by Ploughing into the fields
7) Disposal by hog feeding
8) Salvaging procedure
9) Fermentation/biological digestion

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 CONCLUSION
It is clear that improper waste management practices have a significant impact on the natural environment
and sustainable development in the study area. Thus, awareness about SWM impact on sound environmental
development or/and sustainable development in seemingly low.

Waste management is an important issue that needs

governmental action quickly.
At present there is very little awareness exists regarding this
issue in our society.
The practices of bringing forth waste are too risky not only
for today but they could be dangerous for our future
generation.
It is very important to educate people and tell them to adopt
practices for Recycle, Reuse and Reduce rather than
generating waste.
Municipalities and Governments should pay importance to
disposal of waste.
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