Techniques of health

assessment
 Health Examination
• Health examination is the systematic
assessment of human body which involves the
use of one’s senses to determine the general
physical and mental conditions of the body.
 Physical Examination
• A physical examination is the systematic
collection of objective information that is
directly observed or is elicited through
examination technique.
 General Principle
• Hand washing
• Wear clean gloves
• Wear a mask and eye protection
• Wear a gown
• Take care with used patient care equipment
• Design and follow adequate hospital and clinic
procedure
• Take care with used linen
• Prevent injuries due to blood borne pathogens
• Place in a private room
 Techniques
• Inspection
• Palpation
• Percussion
• Auscultation
 Percussion
• It is the technique in which one or both hands
are used to strike the body surface to produce a
sound called percussion note travels through
body tissue.
• The character of the sound determines the
location, size and density of underlying
structure to verify abnormalities.
• An abnormal sound suggest a mass or substance
like air, fluid in an organ or cavity.
 Auscultation
• It involves listening to sounds and a stethoscope
is mostly used.
• Various body systems like cardiovascular,
respiratory and gastrointestinal have
characterized sounds.
• Bowel, breath, heart and blood movement sounds
are heard using the stethoscope.
• It is important to know the normal sound to
distinguish from abnormal.
 Equipment
• Skin fold calipers •Cotton balls
• Sphygmonometer •Vaginal speculum
• Stethoscope •Clean gloves
•Materials for cytology study
• Thermometer
•Lubricant
• Flash light •Fecal occult blood test material
• Otoscope
• Ophthalmoscope
• Platform scale with height attachment
• Tunningfork
• Nasal speculum
• Tongue depressor
• Pocket vision screener
• Skin marking pen
• Tape measure
• Reflex hammer
• Sharp object
 Clinical objective
• Compose a statement which reflect an overall
impression of client’s health status .
• Nursing Diagnose
 Nursing Diagnosis
• NANDA Diagnose
• Related factor
• Evidence ( Sign & Symptoms )