FRACTIONS DECIMALS

AND PERCENTS
LESSON 1
 FRACTIONS
A Fraction represents a part of a whole. It consist
of a numerator and a denominator.

Numerator is the number above the fraction bar

Denominator Is the number below the fraction bar.

The fraction bar is called vinculum which indicates

division.
 FRACTIONS
Common Fractions , also called vulgar fractions have three types:

1. Proper Fractions these are the fractions that express amounts at

which are less than a unit (examples: , , , ,)

2. Improper Fractions These are fractions that express the amount

which are equal to or greater than a unit. (example: , , , , )

3. Mixed Numbers these are numbers consist of a whole number and a

fraction (examples: 1 , 2 , 5 , 4 , 8 )
 FRACTIONS

ADDITION
• To add similar fraction, add the numerator and copy the
denominator

• To add Dissimilar Fraction, we need to rewrite them first into

similar fractions. To do that, Find the least common multiple
(LCM) of their denominators. It is also called the Least
Common Denominator (LCD)

• To add mixed umbers whose fraction are similar, add the

whole numbers first then add the similar fractions
 FRACTIONS

ADDITION
• To add mixed numbers whose fractions are dissimilar, add
the whole numbers first. Then add the dissimilar fractions
by getting their LCD.

• To add whole number and fraction, we just need to write

them a mixed numbers

• To add a whole number and a mixed number, add the whole

numbers and then copy the fraction.
 FRACTIONS

PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING

ADDITION OF FRACTION

At the Start of a working day, a vendor had 8

kilograms (kg) of catfish and 9 kg of milkfish.
How many kilograms of fish meat did he have in
all ?
 FRACTIONS
SUBTRACTION
• To subtract similar fractions, subtract the numerators and copy
the denominator

• To subtract dissimilar, we need to rewrite them first into similar

fractions. To do that, Find the least common multiple (LCM) of
their denominators and perform the subtraction.

• To subtract mixed numbers whose fractions are similar, subtract

the whole numbers first. Then subtract the fractions.
 FRACTIONS
SUBTRACTION

• To subtract mixed numbers whose fractions are dissimilar,

rewrite the fractions first into similar fractions using their LCD.
Then subtract as you would with mixed numbers whose fractions
are similar

• To subtract a mixed number from a whole number, we need to

regroup first the whole number in such a way that we would
obtain a mixed number whose proper fractions is similar to the
proper fraction of the subtrahend
 FRACTIONS
PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING SUBTRACTION
OF FRACTION

Considering the first problem solving, We determined

that the vendor had a total of 17 kg of fish meat when
the day started. Suppose that by noontime, he checked
that only 5 kg of the fish meat has been left unsold.
How many kilograms of fish meat has been sold ?
 FRACTIONS
MULTIPLICATION
• To multiply fractions we need to multiply their
numerators to get the numerator of the product.
Then we multiply the denominator to get the
denominator of the product

• When multiplying a fraction by a whole number,

we can rewrite first the whole number as an
improper fraction using a denominator of 1
 FRACTIONS
MULTIPLICATION

• To write a mixed number as an improper fraction, multiply the

denominator by the whole number and add the numerator. The
sum will be the numerator of the improper fraction. Then just
copy the denominator.

• To write an improper fraction as a mixed numbers, divide the

numerator by the denominator. Use the quotient as the whole
number in the mixed number and the remainder as the
numerator and then copy the denominator
 FRACTIONS
PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING
MULTIPLICATION OF FRACTION

It was mentioned that the vendor was left with 5

kg of fish meat by noontime. Suppose that inn the
afternoon, he was able to sell of the remaining fish
meat. How many kilograms of fish meat did he sell
in the afternoon?
 FRACTIONS

DIVISION

To divide fractions, get the reciprocal of

the divisor and then proceed to
multiplication.
 FRACTIONS
PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING DIVISION OF
FRACTION
A vendor will sell a total of 6 kg of dried fish.
He wants to pack the dried fish in such a way
that each pack will contain . How many packs
of dried fish will he sell ?
 ACTIVITY
PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING SERIES OF
OPERATION
Suppose Joseph and Niko are shareholders in the same
company. Joseph get of share of the company’s profit
while Niko gets . At the end of the year, the company
profit reached P1,260,000.
a. How much is Joseph share in the company’s profit
during the year?
b. How much more is Joseph share comparing to Niko’s
share?
 ACTIVITY
PROBLEM SOLVING INVOLVING SERIES OF
OPERATION
Jeric, Matthew, Steven, and Jake are planning to establish a
business. All of them agreed to contribute certain amount of money
for the required capital. Jeric will contribute of the capital,
Matthew will contribute , Steven will contribute and Jake will
contribute the remaining amount to complete the needed capital.
a. What fraction of the capital will Jake contribute?
b. If the capital that they need to raise is P720,000 How much
more will Jeric’s contribution compared to Jake?
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