Smt Kamala & Sri Venkappa M.

Agadi College of Engineering & Technology,

Lakshmeshwar -582116, Dist: Gadag, Karnataka
Department of Mechanical Engineering

Internship at “KARNATAKA MILK FEDERATION ”

Under the Guidance of

PROF. NEERAJ KURATTI 

Members:
MURAGESH S HASABI - 2KA18ME026
SANKET P TERDAL -2KA18ME042
KIRAN MULAGUMD-2KA19ME406
MRITYUNJAY S GANIGER- 2KA19ME410
 Contents

1. INTRODUCTION
2. REFRIGERATION

3. WHAT IS REFRIGERATION?
4. WHY REFRIGERATION IS IMPORTANT?
5. HOW DOES IT WORK?

6. PRINCIPLE OF VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION (VCR) SYSTEM

7. THE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM IS AN ENCLOSED GAS
INTRODUCTION
• Karnataka Cooperative Milk Producers' Federation Limited (KMF) is the Main Body for the dairy
Co-operative movement in Karnataka.
• It is second largest dairy Co-operative amongst the dairy cooperatives in the country. In South India it
stands first in terms of procurement as well as sales.
• One of the core functions of the federation Is marketing districts of the state which procure milk from
Primary Dairy Cooperative Societies (DCS) and distribute milk to the consumers in various
Towns/Cities/Rural markets in Karnataka of milk and milk products.
• All the Milk and Milk products are sold under a common brand name NANDINI
 REFRIGERATION

Specifications of components:

• Ammonia PlantReceiver:
1500kg capacity
No.'s: 2

• Ice-Bank tank (Total no.'s: 3)

Capacity: 1,00,000 Liters
No.'s: 2 (One Stand-By)
Capacity: 50,000
No.'s: 1

• Compressor KC-9
Make: Kirloskar Company
No.'s: 3
REFRIGERATION
• Compressor KCX-3
No.'s: 1

• Condenser
No.'s: 2
Type: 1) Vibrator Condenser and 2) PHE (Plate Heat Exchanger)

• Cooling tower
No.'s: 2

• Chilled Water Pump

15HP pumps: No.'s 3
20HP Pumps: No.'s 1
WHAT IS REFRIGERATION?

• The term refrigeration means cooling a space, substance or system to lower

and/or maintain its temperature below the ambient one

• while the removed heat is rejected at a higher temperature.

• In other words, refrigeration is artificial (human-made) cooling

WHY REFRIGERATION IS IMPORTANT?

Refrigeration is a basic requirement for the processing and storage of milk and
milk products as majority of dairy products are perishable in nature

• Processing of milk using either batch pasteurizer or HTST plant requires

chilled water or any other cooling medium for cooling of milk.

• Manufacture of many products requires refrigeration. e.g., butter, ice-cream

etc.

• Storage of milk and milk products requires maintaining low temperature in

the cold storages depending on the type of product to be stored. e.g., milk is
stored at around 3-4 °C while ice-cream is stored at -30 °C temperature.
WHY REFRIGERATION IS IMPORTANT?

• Transportation of many products requires refrigerated vehicles to maintain

the quality of products.

• Low temperature storage is required at distribution of products as well as at

the consumer’ level.

• Chilling of milk at producers' level by employing bulk milk coolers and at

milk chilling centres is the first requirement in dairy industry. Immediate
cooling of milk to about 2-3 °C is very important to reduce the
multiplications of micro-organisms and to get low bacterial count in the milk
and milk products.
HOW DOES IT WORK?

• Refrigeration is a basic requirement for the processing and storage of milk

and milk products as majority of dairy products are perishable in nature.

• Storage of milk and milk products requires maintaining low temperature in

the cold storages depending on the type of product to be stored.
PRINCIPLE OF VAPOUR COMPRESSION
REFRIGERATION (VCR) SYSTEM
• Decreases and when this low pressure, low temperature throttled liquid flows
through evaporator, it sucks heat and produce cooling.

• On absorbing heat in evaporator all the low-pressure liquid evaporates to low-

pressure, low-temperature vapours, which are again sucked by compressor.

• In this way all these processes go on continuously and as long as the

compressor runs, the system produces cooling around the evaporator.
PRINCIPLE OF VAPOUR COMPRESSION REFRIGERATION
(VCR) SYSTEM

• Decreases and when this low pressure, low temperature throttled liquid flows through
evaporator, it sucks heat and produce cooling.

• On absorbing heat in evaporator all the low-pressure liquid evaporates to low-

pressure, low-temperature vapours, which are again sucked by compressor.

• In this way all these processes go on continuously and as long as the compressor runs,
the system produces cooling around the evaporator.
THE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM IS AN ENCLOSED GAS

The refrigeration system is an enclosed gas tight system of tubes

and equipment as shown below.

1) Evaporation

2) Compression

3) Condensation

4) Pressure reduction or Expansion

THE REFRIGERATION SYSTEM IS AN ENCLOSED GAS
CONCLUSION

• Process parameters appropriate workings of machines are monitored on a regular

basis. At last,we would like to express our special thanks to all staff and
administration of DAMUL and our college for encouraging us to undergo this
internship programme

• We came to know that each and every aspect of an industry like mechanics of
various machines, process parameters, safety measures, packaging and quality
testing procedures play a crucial role in maintaining the overall safety of the end
product.

• This gave us the chance to find out which areas we want to work after our
education.