Chapter 7

Design of Equipments
7.1 Design of condenser
• Assumptions: • Heat balance:
1. The flow pattern is assumed to be counter current 1. Heat in = 2360333.216 kJ/hr
flow. 2. Heat out = 2081688.489 kJ/hr
2. No heat loss to the surroundings. 3. Heat removed = 278644.72 kJ/hr
3. No. of passes Shell side -1; Tube side -2 4. Amount of heat required = 2218.86 kJ/hr
4. No sub-cooling.

To find LMTD
• Specifications:
1. Shell ID = 0.3365m
2. Tube OD = 0.019m
3. Tube ID = 0.0157m
4. Tube length = 1.45m

= 177.65
• LMTD Correction factor = 0.975
Corrected LMTD = 177.65 x 0.975
= 173.21° C

• Heat transferred = Ud *A * LMTD

Overall heat transfer coefficient Ud = 50 Btu/hr.ft 2 . • DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS:
°F
1. SHELL: ID = 0.3365m
= 50 x 20.44
2. No. of pass = 1
=1022 KJ/hr.m2
K 3. TUBE: OD = .019m
4. ID = .0157m
• Heat transfer area A = Q / (Ud * LMTD) 5. No. of pass = 2
= 278644.72/ (1022 x 173.21)
6. No. of tubes = 19
= 1.574 m2

• A = nπDL
No. of tubes n =1.574/ (π x .019 x 1.45)n
= 19 tubes.
• Design of fluidized bed:
Design Equation:
V/FA0 = XA/ -rA

Since the rate of reaction is constant throughout reaction period. So, this reaction can be Zero order then reaction kinetics is
-rA = k
Where ‘ k’ is zero order rate constant.
V/FA0 = XA/ k
Molar flowrate of reactants FA0 = 36.62 + 60.19 + 86.12
= 182.96 kmol/ hr
Initial concentration of the reactants CA0 = 0.703 kmol/ m3
Rate constant K= 5.23 kmol/ m3 hr
Volume of the reactor V= 182.96*0.85 / 5.23
= 29.735 m3
L/D ratio = 8
Diameter of the reactor D = 1.68 m
Length of the reactor L = 13.43 m
Space time V/v = 29.735 / 182.96* 0.703
= 13.87 min
• Diameter of the particle dp = 0.154mm
• Density of the particle ρp = 4260 Kg/m3
• Porosity Є = 0.75

• Viscosity of the Chlorine gas μ = 3.75*10 -5 Kg/ms

• Density of the Chlorine gas ρ = 0.808 Kg/m3
• Design specifications:
 Volume of the reactor V = 29.735 m3
 L/D ratio = 8
 Diameter of the reactor D = 1.68 m
 Length of the reactor L = 13.43 m
7.2 DESIGN OF CYCLONE
SEPARATOR
Gas flow rate = 4335.32 m3/hr
= 1.204 m3/s
Particle size = 0.3 55 μm
Inlet velocity = 27 m/s

= 1.204 / 27
= 0.0446 m3
Area of inlet duct = 0.5Dc * 0.2Dc 0.5Dc* 0.2Dc
= 0.0446
Diameter of inlet duct Dc = 0.668m

Pressure drop
Velocity at the inlet U1 = 27 m/s
Area of exit duct = Π/4*(0.668*0.5) 2
= 0.0876 m2
R1 = 0.334
mRe = 0.167 m
As = 2Πrl
r = 0.334 m
L = 2.672 m
As = 2Π*0.334*2.672
= 5.607 m2
A1 = 0.0446 m2
Ψ = fc*(As/ A1)
= 0.005*(5.607/0.0446)
= 0.63
From graph Φ vs r

= 23.86 millibar
= 24.33 cm of H2O
The pressure drop obtained is < 25 cm of H2O, so the existing cyclone is satisfactory .