Welding Carbon Steel Plates

Fillet Weld
( Flat, Horizontal Position )
Objective:

• Students able to select the correct type of joints

needed in fillet welding
• Identify and understand the classification of fillet
welding
• Describe the factors depends on welding fillet
welding
 PRETEST
1. A welder must do in the joint for maximum strength.
a. Weld one side b. Weld both side c. Tack weld d. intermittent weld
 
2. There are how many kinds of typical weld joints.
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5
 
3. Welding can be done in different position but it is easier in what position.
a. Horizontal b. Flat c. Vertical d. Overhead
 
4. What is the correct value of a work angle.
a. 30 b. 50 c. 60 d. 45
 
5. Approximate angle in the welding direction.
a. 30-60 b. 10-30 c. 40-60 d. 70-90
Typical Weld Joints
There are 5 typical weld joints example but this
module emphasize the two of the five typical
joints as shown in the example. The joints
example of lap and tee joints in flat ang
horizontal position.
 Fillet Weld
After learning to start and hold an arc, practice running beads of weld metal on
flat plates using a full electrode.
Hold the electrode nearly perpendicular to the work, although tilting it ahead
(in the direction of travel) will be helpful.
• To produce the best results, hold a short arc, travel at a uniform speed,
and feed the electrode downward at a constant rate as it melts. In
terms of direction manipulation there are two methods in direction of
welding one is backhand and the other is forehand. The direction
depends upon the handling of a certain if incase the welder is right
handed or left handed if the welder is right handed then the backhand
direction must start from left to right and forehand start from right to left
but if the welder is left handed the backhand direction must start from
right to left and forehand from left to right.
 Welding can be done in any position, but it is much simpler in the flat
position. In this position, the work is less tiring, welding speed is faster, the
molten puddle is not as likely to run, and you can achieve better penetration.
Whenever possible, try to position the work so you can weld in the flat
position. In the flat position, the face of the weld is approximately horizontal.

Keep arc short and move at definite rate of speed. Hold electrode as shown to provide fusion
into the corner. Square edge of the weld surface. For maximum strength weld both sides of
upright section.
Multi-Layer Deposits
Weld a second layer when a heavier fillet is needed. Use any of the weaving patterns. Remove slag before
making another weld pass.
 
Lap Joints Welding
 
Single-Layer Fillet Weld Move electrode in circular motion.

Multi-Layer Fillet Weld - Weld a

second layer when a heavier
fillet is needed. Remove slag
before making another weld
pass. Weld both sides of joint for
maxi- mum strength.
 
ELECTRODE MOVEMENT
• In horizontal welding, position the electrode so that it points upward at a 5- to
10-degree angle in conjunction with a 20-degree travel angle. Use a narrow
weaving motion in laying the bead. This weaving motion distributes the heat
evenly, reducing the tendency of the molten puddle to sag. Use the shortest
arc length possible, and when the force of the arc undercuts the plate at the
top of the bead, lower the electrode holder a little to increase the upward
angle. As you move in and out of the crater, pause slightly each time you
return. This keeps the crater small, and the bead has fewer tendencies to sag.
Horizontal-position welding can be used on most types of joints, but it is most commonly
used on tee joints, lap joints, and butt joints.
Tee joints — When you make tee joints in the horizontal position, the two plates are at right
angles to each other in the form of an inverted T. The edge of the vertical plate may be
tack-welded to the surface of the horizontal plate.
 
Use a fillet weld in making the tee joint, and use a short arc to provide good fusion at the
root and along the legs of the weld . Hold the electrode at an angle of 45 degrees to the two
plate surfaces with an incline of approximately 15 degrees in the direction of welding. When
practical, weld light plates with a fillet weld in one pass with little or no weaving of the
electrode. Welding of heavier plates may require two or more passes in which the second
pass or layer is made with a semicircular weaving motion. To ensure good fusion and the
prevention of undercutting, make a slight pause at the end of each weave or oscillation. For
fillet-welded tee joints on 1/2-inch plate or heavier, deposit stringer beads in the sequence.
Position of electrode on a fillet weld. Tack-weld to hold the tee joint elements in place .
Chain-intermittent or staggered-intermittent fillet
welds, are used on long tee joints. Fillet welds of
these types are for joints that do not require high
weld strength; however, the short welds are
arranged so the finished joint is equal in strength to
a joint that has a fillet weld along the entire length
of one side. Intermittent welds also have the
advantage of reduced warpage and distortion.
Lap joints — To make a lap joint, tack weld two overlapping
plates in place and deposit a fillet weld along the joint.
The procedure for making this fillet weld is similar to that used for
making fillet welds in tee joints. Hold the electrode so it forms an
angle of about 30 degrees from the vertical and is inclined 15
degrees in the direction of welding. The position of the electrode
in relation to the plates. The weaving motion is the same as that
used for tee joints, except that the pause at the edge of the top
plate is long enough to ensure good fusion without undercut. Lap
joints on 1/2-inch plate or heavier are made by depositing a
sequence of stringer beads,
In making lap joints on plates of different thickness, hold the
electrode so that it forms an angle of between 20 and 30 degrees
from the vertical. Be careful not to
overheat or undercut the thinner plate edge.
Butt joints— Most butt joints designed for
horizontal welding have the beveled plate
positioned on the top. The plate that is not
beveled is on the bottom and the flat
edge of this plate provides a shelf for the
molten metal so that it does not run out of
the joint. Often, both edges are beveled
to form a 60-degree included angle. Using
this type of joint requires more skill
because there is no retaining shelf to hold
the
molten puddle.
 
ASSESSMENT:
 
1. In multi layer what is necessary to remove before making another weld pass.
a. electrode b. slag c. ground d. grinder
 
2.A kind of joints that overlapping plates in place and deposit a fillet weld along the joint.
a. tee joints b. lap joints c. butt joints d. corner joints
 
3. A kind welds that have the advantage of reduced warpage and distortion.
a. tack weld b. buttoning c. Intermittent d. joints
 
4. A kind of joints were two plates are at right angles to each other in the form of an inverted T.
a. tee joints b. lap joints c. butt joints d. corner joints
 
5. A kind of joints designed for horizontal welding have the beveled plate
positioned on the top.
a. tee joints b. lap joints c. butt joints d. corner joints
 
6. An arc use to provide good fusion at the root and along the legs of the weld.
a. normal arc b. short arc c. long arc d. arcing
 
7. What are the kinds of direction techniques use in welding.
a. tap and scratch b. back and fort c. tee and lap d. tack and Intermittent
 
8. Welding can be done in different position but it is easier in what position.
a. Flat b. Horizontal c. Vertical d. Overhead
 
9. What is the correct value of a work angle.
a. 30 b. 45 c. 50 d. 60
 
10. Approximate angle in the welding direction.
a. 10-30 b. 35-45 c. 50-60 d. 70-90
 
11. In what position where the face of the weld is approximately horizontal.
a. Overhead b. Vertical c. Horizontal d. Flat
 
12. A welder must do in the joint for maximum strength.
a. Weld one side b. Weld both side c. Tack weld d. intermittent weld
 
13. There are how many kinds of typical weld joints.
a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5
 
14. What is the main reason to make a slight pause at the end of each weave or oscillation.
a. Reduced warpage and distortion
b. To ensure good fusion and the prevention of undercutting
c. To hold the tee joint elements in place.
d. Fewer tendencies to sag.
 
15. Butt joints often, both edges are beveled to form a _______ included angle.
a. 30 degrees b. 40 degrees c. 50 degrees d. 60 degrees