Week 10 Chemistry

Atomic Theory, Electromagnetics, Physics Basics

Warm Up: 4 Minutes Write the Learning
Stay in your own seat Target

You should be working SILENTLY

Which model of the atom do you identify with?
Explain.

A B C

Be Ready to Share Aloud

Agenda

 Warm Up: 6 Min

 Gallery Walk Expectations: 3 mins
 Gallery Walk: 20 mins
 Guided Practice: 11 mins
 Independent Practice: 12 mins
 Closing: 1 Min
Announcements
 Assignments, syllabus, and class calendar posted on
Sharpstown Website (under my page)
 http://www.houstonisd.org/Page/66
 Go to “Faculty & Staff”
 Click on Ghosh, Niloy
 Assignment names have links to worksheet/activity. If you
lose the assignment from class, it is your responsibility to
print it out and bring it completed.
Gallery Walk Expectations

 Students will remain with their group

 Students will not move stations until instructed to do so
by teacher
 Students will stay on task and remain focused for duration
of activity
Gallery Walk

 You will have 4 minutes at each station

 Fill out the information on your guided notes handout
 Do not move stations UNTIL instructed to do so
 Guided Practice

 Mr. Ghosh: Project a multiple question

Student will:
1. SILENTLY read the question to your self and pick an
answer [21 seconds]
2. Take 39 seconds to speak with your shoulder partner
to chose the correct answer and discuss why it is the
correct answer. [39 seconds]
3. When Mr. Ghosh says “SWAG” all students should be
SILENT
Consider the following selected Which of the above statements is
postulates of Dalton’s atomic (are) no longer considered to be
theory: true?
I. Each element is composed of A. III and IV
extremely small particles called
atoms. B. II only
II. Atoms are indivisible. C. I and II
III. Atoms of a given element are D. II and III
identical.
IV. Atoms of different elements are
different and have different
properties.
Consider the following selected Which of the above statements is
postulates of Dalton’s atomic (are) no longer considered to be
theory: true?
I. Each element is composed of A. III and IV
extremely small particles called
atoms. B. II only
II. Atoms are indivisible. C. I and II
III. Atoms of a given element are D. II and III
identical.
IV. Atoms of different elements are
different and have different
properties.
As a result of Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, it
was determined that the atom:
A. was indivisible.
B. was composed of a small, dense negative center but
was mostly empty space.
C. was composed of a small, dense positive center but
was mostly empty space.
D. was composed of negatively charged particles spread
throughout a positively charged substance
As a result of Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, it
was determined that the atom:
A. was indivisible.
B. was composed of a small, dense negative center but
was mostly empty space.
C. was composed of a small, dense positive center but
was mostly empty space.
D. was composed of negatively charged particles spread
throughout a positively charged substance
Based on his observations, the English chemist John Dalton
formulated an atomic theory

In 1897, J.J. Thomson showed that negative charges

A. 1
could be made to move from one end of a cathode
ray to another, causing the tube to glow. Because B. 2
of this, Thomson is credited with the discovery of
the electron. Based on this information, which part C. 3
of Dalton’s atomic theory conflicted with
D. 4
Thomson’s new data?
Based on his observations, the English chemist John Dalton
formulated an atomic theory

In 1897, J.J. Thomson showed that negative charges

A. 1
could be made to move from one end of a cathode
ray to another, causing the tube to glow. Because B. 2
of this, Thomson is credited with the discovery of
the electron. Based on this information, which part C. 3
of Dalton’s atomic theory conflicted with
D. 4
Thomson’s new data?
The planetary model of the atom was proposed by
_____.
A. Bohr
B. Thomson
C. Dalton
D. Democritus
The planetary model of the atom was proposed by
_____.
A. Bohr
B. Thomson
C. Dalton
D. Democritus
 Independent practice

Complete the writing assignment on the scientists.

You must include all of the REQUIRED information to
receive FULL CREDIT
Closing

How has the atomic model changed over time?

Warm Up: 4 Minutes Write the Learning
Stay in your own seat Target

You should be working SILENTLY

How would you define light?
Write a Minimum of Three Sentences
Agenda

 Warm Up: 7 Minutes

 Cornell Style notes: 18 Minutes
 Guided Practice: 10 Minutes
 Independent Practice: 15 Minutes
 Closing: 3 Minutes
Take out paper for notes

BLUE RED
 Light

 The final model of the atom stemmed from the study of light.

 By 1900, most scientists accepted the idea that light was a

wave phenomenon
 Light

According to the wave phenomenon, light consisted

of ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATIONS
Wavelength
λ
 Distance between the crests
CHECK POINT
How many wavelengths are in this wave cycle?

2
 Frequency

f
Number of wave cycles to
pass a given point per
unit of given time.
Relationship between frequency and wavelength
λ and f are opposites (inversely related)
λ decreases (↓), f increases (↑)
What about energy and frequency?
Relationship between energy and frequency
Energy and frequency are directly Related
E increases (↑), f increases (↑)
What about energy and wavelength?
Relationship between energy and wavelength
Energy and wavelength are opposites
(inversely Related)
E increases (↑), λ decreases (↓)
Check Point

Diego burns Sodium metal and watches it turn yellow at a

frequency of 4.2 x 107 Hz. However, Dalvin burns an
unknown metal and it emits a red light with a frequency of
2.3 x 107 Hz. Which student had the metal that emitted
photons of light with a shorter wavelength?

Diego
 That’s great…But what about numbers?
To compare very large or very small numbers (with scientific
notation, such as 105), we need to look at the exponent

Exponent Power to which a

number is raised

Example: 105

5 is the exponent
 The Exponent Number Line

Smaller Value Larger Value

- +
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

Exponent
Check point
Which value is larger, 3.2 x 106 or 1.8 x 109?

1.8 x 109

(Because 9 is bigger than 6)

Check point
Which value is smaller, 6.1 x 10-5 or 8.9 x 10-7?

8.9 x 10-7

(Because -7 is smaller than -5)

 Electromagnetic Spectrum
This model shows the types of electromagnetic
energy (separated by their different wavelengths).
 Electromagnetic Spectrum
(shortest wavelength, Highest frequency)
 Gamma rays
 X-rays
 Ultraviolet
 Visible light
 Infrared
 Microwaves
 Radio waves
(longest wavelength, lowest frequency)
 Electromagnetic Spectrum
Shortest Wavelength, Highest Frequency)
(shortest wavelength) Violet
 Gamma rays
Indigo
 X-rays
 Ultraviolet Blue

 Visible light Green

 Infrared Yellow
 Microwaves
Orange
 Radio waves
Red
(longest wavelength) (Longest Wavelength, Lowest Frequency)
Check Point
Which portion of the electromagnetic spectrum has the
lowest frequency?
a. Blue Light
b. X- Rays
c. Radio Waves
d. Infrared Waves
Guided Practice
Mr. Ghosh: Project a multiple question

Student will:
1. Silently read the question to your self and think about
an an answer [19 seconds]
2. Take 41 seconds to speak with your shoulder partner
to chose the correct answer and discuss the best
answer choices and explain your opinion. [41
seconds]
3. When Mr. Ghosh says “SWAG” all students should be
SILENT
A wave with low energy has the following properties:
a. High frequency, long wavelength
b. High frequency, short wavelength
c. Low frequency, long wavelength
d. Low frequency, short wavelength
A wave with low energy has the following properties:
a. High frequency, long wavelength
b. High frequency, short wavelength
c. Low frequency, long wavelength
d. Low frequency, short wavelength
Electromagnetic waves with high frequencies have been used for medical
imaging. These waves most likely belong to which of the following parts of the
electromagnetic spectrum?
a. Microwaves
b. Infrared waves
c. Radio waves
d. X-rays
Electromagnetic waves with high frequencies have been used for medical
imaging. These waves most likely belong to which of the following parts of the
electromagnetic spectrum?
a. Microwaves
b. Infrared waves
c. Radio waves
d. X-rays
Which of the following graphs best represents the relationship of the
frequency of an electromagnetic wave to its wavelength?

A B

C
Which of the following graphs best represents the relationship of the
frequency of an electromagnetic wave to its wavelength?

A B

C
As a distant star moves toward Earth, the light given off by the star
has a measurably higher frequency. What happens to the
wavelength and energy of the photons of light when the frequency
becomes higher?
 
a. The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy decreases
b. The wavelength becomes shorter, and the energy decreases
c. The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy increases
d. The wavelength becomes shorter, and the energy increases
As a distant star moves toward Earth, the light given off by the star
has a measurably higher frequency. What happens to the
wavelength and energy of the photons of light when the frequency
becomes higher?
 
a. The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy decreases
b. The wavelength becomes shorter, and the energy decreases
c. The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy increases
d. The wavelength becomes shorter, and the energy increases
Independent Practice

Practice Makes 85%

Closing

Which direction is frequency increasing? Wavelength?

 Warm Up: 5 Minutes Write the Learning
Target
Stay in your own seat
You should be working SILENTLY
You took your second assessment on Thursday. Answer the
following questions about the assessment in COMPLETE
SENTENCES:
 How do you think you performed on Assessment 2?
 What did you do to prepare for Assessment 2?
 What could you have done to better prepare for Assessment 2?
Just Something to Think About?

“Obstacles are those frightful

things you see when you take your
eyes off your goal.”
- Henry Ford
 Agenda
 Warm Up [7 minutes]
 Review: Purpose of tracking [5 minutes]
 Answer Key [ 8 minutes]
 Modeling Tracking [10 minutes]
 You Track [ 10 minutes]
 Rationalize Questions /Corrections[10 minutes]
 Closing: [3 Minutes]
Answer Key
As Mr. Ghosh goes through the answers, highlight the ones
you got wrong
1. B 12. D 23. A
2. D 13. D 24. B
3. C 14. B 25. C
4. C 15. A 26. C
5. D 16. D 27. D
6. B 17. B 28. C
7. A 18. A
8. D 19. B
9. B 20. C
10. C 21. A
11. A 22. A
Tracking
Method to measure
your performance
on specific skills or
objectives.
Purpose of
For students to know
Tracking
which skills you have
mastered and which skills
need some work
 When Will
You Track?? You will track after
every Unit
Assessment.
What does Tracking Look Like?

Objectives Questions Your Total Points Percent Mastery Bar Graph Mastery
on the Points 85%
Exam  
 or 

Chem.4A
Physical
and
Chemical
What does Tracking Look Like?

Objectives Questions Your Total Points Percent Mastery Bar Graph Mastery
on the Points 85%
Exam  
 or 

Chem.4A 1-5
Physical
and
Chemical
What does Tracking Look Like?

Objectives Questions Your Total Points Percent Mastery Bar Graph Mastery
on the Points 85%
Exam  
 or 

Chem.4A 1-5 ???

Physical [3 if you
and got 3 out
Chemical of 5
correct]
What does Tracking Look Like?

Objectives Questions Your Total Points Percent Mastery Bar Graph Mastery
on the Points 85%
Exam  
 or 

Chem.4A 1-5 ???

5
Physical [3 if you
and got 3 out
Chemical of 5
correct]
What does Tracking Look Like?

Objectives Questions Your Total Points Percent Mastery Bar Graph Mastery
on the Points 85%
Exam  
 or 

Chem.4A 1-5 ???

5 Your points x100
Total points
Physical [3 if you
and got 3 out
Chemical of 5
correct]
 Cathy received 1 point out of 4
Percent Mastery
possible points. What is
her percent mastery?

25% Your points x100

Total points
What does Tracking Look Like?

Objectives Questions Your Total Points Percent Mastery Bar Graph Mastery
on the Points 85%
Exam  
 or 

Chem.4A 1-5 ???

5 Your points x100
Total points
Shade in
your %
Physical [3 if you mastery
and got 3 out
Chemical of 5
correct]
 You Do It

Use your assessment to determine

what you’re good at and what you
need help with ….
 What Next??
On a piece of paper, write Mr. Ghosh a letter addressing all the
following questions in complete sentences for full credit. [5
Minutes]
1. What will you do to ensure that you master the objectives that
you didn’t perform well on?
2. Does your grade reflect how hard you worked?
3. Are you proud of your grade?
4. Is your grade reflective of your best work?
Corrections

For each number you got incorrect:

1. Write the number of the question.

2. Write the letter you chose.

3. Re-evaluate the question and chose a different

answer and explain why you chose a different
answer.
Closing

 Reflect on the effort you have put into this class

thus far, what are your next steps that need to be
implemented so that we can reach our big goal?
 Warm Up: 4 Minutes Write the Learning
Stay in your own seat Target
You should be working SILENTLY
As a distant star moves away from earth, the light given off by
the star has a measurably lower frequency. What happens to
the wavelength and energy of the photons of light when the
frequency becomes lower?

A. The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy decreases

B. The wavelength becomes shorter, and the energy decreases
C. The wavelength becomes longer, and the energy increases
D. The wavelength becomes shorter, and the energy increases.
Agenda

 Warm Up: 7 Minutes

 Examples: 15 Minutes
 Guided Practice: 13 Minutes
 Independent Practice: 15 Minutes
 Closing: 3 Minutes
Take out paper for notes

BLUE RED
 Concept Symbol Unit

Wavelength
 Concept Symbol Unit

Wavelength λ
 Concept Symbol Unit

Wavelength λ Meters, m
 Concept Symbol Unit

Wavelength λ Meters, m

Frequency
 Concept Symbol Unit

Wavelength λ Meters, m

Frequency f
 Concept Symbol Unit

Wavelength λ Meters, m

Frequency f Hz or 1/s
Speed of Light (C)

3.00 x 10 m/s
8
Speed of Light Formula
 Important !
DO NOT FORGET YOUR UNITS!!!
If you are finding frequency, your units should be in Hz
If you are finding wavelength, your units should be in
meters (m)
How do we use this formula?
If you have frequency, and need to find wavelength?
How do we use this formula?
If you have wavelength, and need to find frequency?
You Will Need a Calculator…
 Example 1
Calculate the wavelength of the yellow light emitted by a
sodium lamp if the frequency of the radio is 5.10 x 1014 Hz.

G U E S S
How to put this in the calculator?
8
𝐶 3.00 × 10
𝜆= =
𝑓 5.10 × 10
14

C = 3.00 x 108 f = 5.10 x 1014

/
On calculator: On calculator:
5.10
3.00 [2nd]
[2nd] X-1
X-1 14

8
On the Calculator, pressing “[2nd] X-1” is the same as
“x 10n” in the problem
Answer:

0.000000588 m
 Example 2
The yellow light given off by a sodium vapor lamp used
for public lighting has a wavelength of 5.89x 10-7 m.
What is the frequency of this radiation?
 
G U E S S
How to put this in the calculator?
𝐶 3.00 × 108
𝑓= =
𝜆 5.89 × 10
−7

C = 3.00 x 108 λ = 5.89 x 10-7

/
On calculator: On calculator:
5.89
3.00 [2nd]
[2nd] X-1
(-)
X-1
7
8
On the Calculator, pressing “[2nd] X-1” is the same as
“x 10n” in the problem
Answer:

5.09 x 10 Hz
14
 We DO (3)
The FM radio station KJAZ broadcasts at 2.95 x 105 Hz.
What is the wavelength of the Radio Waves broadcast
by this station?

G U E S S
How to put this in the calculator?
8
𝐶 3.00 × 10
𝜆= =
𝑓 2.95 × 10
5
Answer:

1016.95 m
 We do (4)
The wavelength of an argon laser’s output is 4.61 x 10-9 m.
Calculate the frequency of this wavelength of
electromagnetic radiation.

G U E S S
Answer:

6.51 x 10 Hz
16
 Keep Practicing

INDEPENDENTLY
 Closing

Which equation establishes the

relationship between wavelength and
frequency?
Warm Up: 4 Minutes Write the Learning
Stay in your own seat Target
You should be working SILENTLY
A certain electromagnetic wave has a
frequency of 24 x 109 Hz. What is its
wavelength?

A. 80 meters
B. 0.0125 meters
C. 8 meters
D. 0.125 meters
Agenda

 Warm Up: 6 Minutes

 Examples: 12 Minutes
 Guided Practice: 9 Minutes
 Independent Practice: 10 Minutes
 Closing: 3 Minutes
Let’s See this in Real Life!!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RQTAJkC4Xc4&noredirect=1
Take out paper for notes

BLUE RED
Energy (E)

The ability to do work

Units are Joules (J)
Planck’s constant (h)

6.63 x 10-34 J ·sec

Energy Formulas

Energy

𝑬=𝒉𝒇 𝑬=
𝒉𝒄
𝝀
Check Point

What is c?
Speed of Light

What is its value?

3.00 x 108 m/s

Check Point

What is h?
Planck’s constant

What is its value?

6.63 x 10-34 J·sec

Check Point

What is f?
Frequency

What are its units?

Hz or 1/s
Check Point

What is λ?
Wavelength

What are its units?

Meters (m)
 DO NOT FORGET YOUR UNITS!!!

Energy is in Joules!
You Will Need a Calculator…
 Example 1
The human eye can see light with a frequency about as high as
7.9 x 1014 Hz, which appears violet. Calculate the energy that
one photon of violet light carries.

G U E S S
How to put this in the calculator?
𝐸 =hf = ( 6.63 × 10 ) ∗ ( 7.9× 10 )
−34 14

h = 6.63 x 10-34 f = 7.9 x 1014

x
On calculator: On calculator:
7.9
6.63 [2nd]
[2nd] X-1
X-1 14

(-)
34 On the Calculator, pressing “[2nd] X-1” is the same as
“x 10” in the problem
Answer:

5.24 x 10 -19
J
 Example 2
Calculate the smallest increment of energy that is the quantum
of energy, which an object can absorb from a red light whose
wavelength is 772 m.

G U E S S
How to put this in the calculator?
h𝑐 ( 6.63 × 10−34 ) ∗ ( 3.00 × 10 8 )
𝐸= =
𝜆 772
h = 6.63 x 10-34 C = 3.00 x 108 λ = 772

On calculator:
6.63
[2nd]
X On calculator:
3.00
[2nd]
/ On calculator:
772

X-1 X-1
(-) 8
34 On the Calculator, pressing “[2nd] X-1” is the same as
“x 10” in the problem
Answer:

2.58 x 10 -28
J
 We DO (3)
What is the energy of a photon of light that has a
frequency of 9.35 x 1021 Hz?

G U E S S
How to put this in the calculator?
𝐸 =hf = ( 6.63 × 10 ) ∗ ( 9.35 × 10 )
−34 21
Answer:

6.20 x 10 -12
J
 We do (4)
An argon laser emits light at a wavelength of 4.89 x 10-7 m.
What is the energy of this light?

G U E S S
Answer:

4.07 x 10 -19
J
 Keep Practicing

INDEPENDENTLY
 Closing

Which equation establishes the

relationship between wavelength and
Energy? Between Frequency and Energy?