Literature Review - Demo

Gayana Fernando

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Who is this ?

In Persian culture, the definition of beauty

was different from Western understanding
in the 19th century. Here are photos of the
Persian Princess, the Beauty Symbol in
19th Century in Iran.
How this happened?

V-J Day in Times Square (also V-Day and The Kiss)

 is a photograph by Alfred Eisenstaedt that portrays
a U.S. Navy sailor grabbing and kissing a stranger(a
nurse) on Victory over Japan Day ("V-J Day") in New
York City's Times Square on August 14, 1945

We need to cite the content and acknowledge the author

by adding reference .
Why Literature Review?

• Provide introduction as to why you are carrying out this

research project?
• List what is existing (Systems & Research)
• How is your project different from the rest

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Literature Review

• What it’s not

• Not an essay / paper
• Not state or prove your main points

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Literature Review

What it is
• Major works
• Narrow Topic
• Reviewed
• Snapshot
• Major Concepts
• Relationships
• Timeline
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Literature Review

• Purpose
• Improve Understanding
• Demonstrate Knowledge
• Update Reader

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Literature Review

• Writing Process
1. Collect
No WIKI or usual Dotcom sources. Focus on
academic / research sites.
2. Analyze
3. Arrange
4. Summarize
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Writing Style
• Use a formal, third person style
Example…
• Lasseter [87] summarizes the main principles of traditional animation
that can be applied to computer animation, including ‘squash and
stretch’.
Not
• Lasseter wrote a journal article that says the main principles of
traditional animation can be applied to computer animation.
• I researched a website that gives the main principles of traditional
animation.

Reference : Examples were taken from Dr Enjie Lius’ slides – University of Bedfordshire
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Reading skills
• The Cobra Effect | Reading Comprehension Quiz (ereadingworksheets
.com)

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Writing the literature review
chapter

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Main Points
• How many literature should be reviewed?
• Base on the weight of literature review chapter.
• Include major papers relevant to the topic and should cover all
aspects.

• Example : “healthy being” a workout plan application powered by Kinect motion

detection technology
• Areas : Similar Applications (Mobile / Standalone / Web), Kinect Motion detection ,
workout plan application

Reference : Dr. Nikolaos Th. Ersotelos lecture slides on Literature Review

(nikolaos.ersotelos@beds.ac.uk)
Task One

• List down the keywords/ phrases related to your project

Example : Artificial Intelligence , Image processing , Counselling , Online
Shopping , Covid 19
 Continue..
• If many papers cover same information, group them properly.
Example “high quality facial expression with fine details was created from
a set of existing photos using different techniques, as in [5, 14, 23, 46, 47].”
Nikolaos Ersotelos, Feng Dong: Building highly realistic facial modeling and
animation a survey, 2008

• NO need to state all information covered in the paper or the book

you review.

Reference : Dr. Nikolaos Th. Ersotelos lecture slides on Literature Review

(nikolaos.ersotelos@beds.ac.uk)
Literature Review

Techniques for Organizing

• Chronological
• Advancements
• Geographical

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With regards to one Work / Article
/System/Concept

• Briefly describe about the finding / process /system

• State the year
• Describe the advantages
• Highlight the disadvantages / limitations
• Acknowledge the author (inline Citation)
Literature Review Chapter: Organization
• Break the chapter into three sections
• Introduction
• Main Body
• Research Gap

DO not put exact subheadings!

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Continue..

• Introduction
• State the problem domain and describe briefly.
• Define the scope of the literature review.
• Main areas you are covering
• Key points in the review

Reference : Dr. Nikolaos Th. Ersotelos lecture slides on Literature Review

(nikolaos.ersotelos@beds.ac.uk)

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Continue..
• Main Body
• Categorize the content according to the main aspects.
• Include the details under relevant subheadings.

Example : “healthy being” a workout plan application powered by Kinect motion detection technology
• 2.2 Similar Applications (Mobile / Standalone / Web),
• 2.3 Kinect Motion detection
• 2.4 Workout plan application

• Details you have extracted from resources should be critically evaluated under each sub heading.
• Including the methodology followed, Advantages , disadvantages etc.
• You have to provide justifications for what you are doing, why you are doing it, and
how you are going to do it.

Reference : Dr. Nikolaos Th. Ersotelos lecture slides on Literature Review

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(nikolaos.ersotelos@beds.ac.uk)
Can Include a “Product Perspective”

Features System A System B Research A Research B Proposed

System
Function 01

Function 02

Function 03

Function 04
Continued..
• Research Gap / Conclusion
• Summarize the findings .
• Include any gap between existing systems / research work.
• Explain why is it necessary to fill this gap.
• Briefly explain how your research is going to fill this gap.

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Referencing / avoiding plagiarism
• Plagiarism is the failure to acknowledge another’s work or ideas in
your own work
• You must acknowledge someone’s words, images, ideas or research
discovery
• Keep a record of sources used to make this easy

• http://lrweb.beds.ac.uk/guides/resources/referencing
In text reference - Example
• When presenting ideas or information from a source, include the author’s surname and date of
publication in brackets within the text of your writing, e.g. These skills need to be developed over
time (Veit & Gould  2010). 
• Where you refer to the author’s name in the body of the text, include the date of publication in
brackets, e.g. 
Young, Rudin-Brown and Lenne (2010) suggest  increased penalties and driver education as  two
possible strategies. 
• When quoting directly from the source include the page number if available and place quotation
marks around the quote, e.g. 
The World Health Organisation (2011, p. 8) defines driver distraction ‘as when some kind of triggering
event external to the driver results in the driver shifting attention away from the driving task’

Libraryguides.vu.edu.au. (2019). Library Guides: Harvard Referencing: Getting started with Harvard referencing. [online] Available at:
http://libraryguides.vu.edu.au/c.php?g=386501&p=2622078#s-lg-box-wrapper-9438937 [Accessed 25 Nov. 2019].
In text reference - Example
• Students commencing university often lack the writing, reading and research skills
necessary to complete assessment tasks. These skills need to be developed over time
(Veit & Gould  2010).  Learning the skills of note-taking and paraphrasing are vital if
students are to avoid plagiarism in their writing. Veit and Gould (2010, p.
158) emphasise the importance of ‘using your own words and your own style’ when
paraphrasing. There are many different strategies available to students regarding note-
taking and paraphrasing. Veit and Gould (2010) suggest a useful strategy to avoid
unintentional plagiarism is to rewrite important information in your own words at the time
of reading. Students should remember to always record the full details of sources in their
notes. Sources can then be accurately acknowledged in the text and in the list of works
cited at the end of their paper.

• Libraryguides.vu.edu.au. (2019). Library Guides: Harvard Referencing: Getting started with Harvard referencing. [online] Available
at: http://libraryguides.vu.edu.au/c.php?g=386501&p=2622078#s-lg-box-wrapper-9438937 [Accessed 25 Nov. 2019].
Reference Page
• The entry in her Reference List would be:

Hurlbut, JB 2017, Experiments in democracy: human embryo research

and the politics of bioethics, Columbia University Press, New York.

Libraryguides.vu.edu.au. (2019). Library Guides: Harvard Referencing: Getting started with Harvard referencing. [online]
Available at: http://libraryguides.vu.edu.au/c.php?g=386501&p=2622078#s-lg-box-wrapper-9438937 [Accessed 25 Nov.
2019].
Referencing guide
https://lrweb.beds.ac.uk/a-gu
ide-to-referencing
For Next Week Class
• Install “Project Libre” software.
Thank you and Stay
safe