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Canoeing and Kayaking Presentation
Canoeing and Kayaking Presentation
Canoeing and Kayaking Presentation
KAYAKING
What is the difference?
CANOES KAYAKS
» Wide open deck » Covered deck
» Canoer sits on a raised seat or kneels at the bottom of a » Kayaker extends legs and are seated low and uses a
boat and uses a single bladed paddle double-bladed paddle
» Canoes are originally made from large tree trunks » Kayaks were individualized because each kayak is
» The frame is covered preferably by lightweight bark of crafted by the user
birch tree because of its waterproofing qualities » The frame is built from wood or whalebone skeleton
» The more well known version of canoe was introduced and the wife’s job is to stitch the seal skin to cover the
by North American Indians frame.
» Oldest known canoe, Pesse Canoe, believed to be » Whale fats were used to waterproof the boat
constructed between 8200 and 7600 BC in Netherlands » Oldest existing kayak are exhibited in North America
» CANOE – Carib word “kenu” means dugout Department of the State Museum of Ethnology in
Munich
» KAYAK – from Inuit and Aleut tribes “qajak” means
man’s boat
PARTS OF A CANOE
YOKE – a beam in the center of a
canoe that allows the canoe to rest
STERN – rear end
on a person’s shoulder when
portgaging
SEAT – for paddler at
the bow part (if in GUNWALE – structural
tandem) support and it defines
the shape of the boat
DECK – top
half of the kayak
HATCH – covering
on the deck where
food and gears can be
stored.
FOOTBRACE – found
inside where feet rest COCKPIT – opening in the kayak’s
deck where the paddler sits
• Shorter boats are easier to maneuver, and are lighter; • Wider boat is suitable for bird-watching,
better choice for smaller lakes and rivers photography or fishing
CHARACTERISTICS OF BOATS
Bottom shape Profile or sides
– how stable the boat is of a boat
• Flat – good stability, • Tumblehome design – sides of the boat curve inward,
• Round – designed for speed and efficiency, allows the paddler to reach the water easily
actually easier to propel through the water, • Flared sides – sides of the boat curve outward, so as
difficult to balance it goes deeper in the water, there is a more stable
• Vee – between flat and round bottom design, good feeling
all-around performance • Straight sides – combination of the two
HOW TO CANOE/KAYAK?
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ka
n oe
ca
HOW TO CANOE/KAYAK?
Novice Conditions Calm wind Calm to rippled Travel along shore with many easy
(Minimal Risk) (less than 8 knots) landing areas
Beginner Conditions Light winds Calm to light chop Short open crossing less than 1.5
(Low Risk) (0-11 knots) nautical miles (nmi); many easy lading
areas
Intermediate Conditions Moderate winds Moderate with wind Open water crossings less than 5 nmi;
(Moderate Risk) (12-19 knots) waves near 0.5 intermittent landing areas
Advance Conditions Strong winds (near 20 knots) Rough sea state, wind Open water crossings greater than 5 nmi
(Considerable Risk) waves near 1 meter, and with infrequent landing areas and some
tide rips greater than 3 with difficult landing sites
knots
INTERNATIONAL SCALE OF RIVER DIFFICULTY
*The rivers are rated according to the technical difficulty and the skill level required to traverse the river*
CLASSIFICATION DESCRIPTION
CLASSIFICATION DESCRIPTION
Class III: Intermediate » Moderate rapids, strong current
» Waves are bigger and may swamp an open canoe but it comes
irregularly
» Obstacles require complex maneuvers
» Narrow passages are generally straightforward
» Scouting is recommended
» Self-rescue is still manageable but group help may be needed
» Big splashes
INTERNATIONAL SCALE OF RIVER DIFFICULTY
*The rivers are rated according to the technical difficulty and the skill level required to traverse the river*
CLASSIFICATION DESCRIPTION
Class IV: Advanced » Long, powerful, and strong rapids requiring accurate handling of boat
» Passages are constricted by obstacles
» Precise maneuvering skills
» Scouting is necessary
» Moderate to high risk of injury to swimmers
» Self-rescue is difficult
» Group assistance is necessary but must possess rescue skills
» Eskimo roll is recommended
INTERNATIONAL SCALE OF RIVER DIFFICULTY
*The rivers are rated according to the technical difficulty and the skill level required to traverse the river*
CLASSIFICATION DESCRIPTION