Department of Computer Science and

Engineering
Presentation On: Digital Audio Introduction

COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND MULTIMEDIA

Course Code: CS3CO24
Presented By - Submitted To -
CS - AI
EN19CS304028 MANISH RAWAT Ms. NISHA BHATI
EN19CS304029 MIHIR PESSWANI
EN19CS304030 NISHANT
GULANI EN19CS304031 NITANT
CHAJJED EN19CS304032 NITI
LANDE
CONTENT
S What is Digital Audio
Charatersitics of Digital Audio
Digital Audio System
Advantages a n d
Disadvantages of Digital Audio
Using Digital Audio in
Multimedia
Digital Audio
Sound

Sound is simply waves of compressed air tha t

m o v e d out from its source, similar to
dropping stone in water.
Two types of sound -
a. Analog Sound (recorded a n d reproduce
signals)
b. Digital Sound (stored as numerical d a t a a n d
Classes of Sound
There are 3 classes
of Sound:
Voice

Music
Soun
d
What is Digital Audio
Digital audio is a technology t h a t is used to record,
store, manipulate, generate a n d reproduce sound
using audio signals t h a t have been encoded in digital
form.
It also refers to the sequence of discreet samples t h a t
are taken fr om a n an alo g audio waveform. Instead of
a continuous sinusoidal wave, digital audio is
c o m p o s e d of discreet points which represent the
am p l i t u d e of the waveform approximately.
Waveforms
Characteristics of
Digital Audio
Cha ra cteristic
sSound is based on two things:
Energy and Transport
Medium Digital Audio has 2
characteristics:
Amplitude
Frequency
Amplitude and Frequency
Amplitude
Amplitude is the power or intensity of sound.
The louder the sound, the larger the amplitude.

Frequency
Frequency is the rate a t which sound is measured.
It is measured in cycles per second or Hertz(Hz).
Digitizing Sound

Digitizing Sound m e a n s capturing sound a m p l i t u d e a t

specific frequency.
There are 3 charcteristics for recording sound:
Frquency Rate
Amplitude m easurement
Sound Channels
(Monaural or Stereo)
Calculating Audio Data Size
There are 3 characteristics to calculate audio file
sizes, amplitude, sound channels a n d freqency
rates.

File Size = c*s*t*b

c = n u m b e r of c h a n n e l s ( m o n o = 1, stereo =
2 ) s = s a mp li n g rate in Hertz
t = a time(second)
b = bytes (1 for 8 bits, 2 for 16 bits
Digital Audio System
DIgital Audio System
A digital audio system is a n electronic device
designed for combining, routing, a n d
ch an gi n g audio signal levels. Each input
signal has its own dedicated channel for
audio distribution.
Digitized sound is s a m p l e d sound.
Larger the sa mp l e size, m o r e accurate d a t a
will describe the recorded sound.
DIgital Audio Software Support

Playback - Translate the audio into sound.

Record - Capture audio d a t a f r o m external an alog
source.
Stop - Halt playback.
Fast Forward - Move to a later point in d a t a
stream.
Reverse - Move to a prior point in the d a t a stream.
Rewind - Move to beginning of the d a t a stream.
Editing Digital Audio

Trim m ing

Volume a dju st me nt a n d Format

Conversion
Editing Digital Audio

Resampling or
d o wn s am p l i n g

Fade-ins a n d
Fade-outs
Editing Digital Audio

Equilization a n d
Time
Stretching

Digital Signal
Processing
a n d Reversing
Sound Controls
Multimedia Computers usually have software t h a t acts
as control for computer's sound a n d playback. These
include:

Selection of Components(Microphone, Speakers,

etc)
Volume level, b o th m o n o a u r a l a n d stereo
Recording input level
Bass a n d treble controls
Advantages & Disadvantages
of Digital Audio
Advantages of Digital Audio
Potential for very low distortion a n d noise/hiss
Potentially for wider d y n a m i c range
Variety of recorder options (tape, optical, hard
disc, SSD, RAM etc).
You c a n access any part of the recording
almost immediately
Massive range of editing a n d processing
tools
Highly portable
Disadvantages of Digital Audio

Data c a n b e c o m e corrupted
Data m u s t be archived when hard drives
b e c o m e full
Confusing array of formats a n d systems
Digital systems c a n have poor multi-
user interfaces
Computers crash
Software compatibility issues OS
 Using Digital Audio in
Multimedia Applications
Requirements to check

The quality of original audio

source. The quality of capture
device a n d supporting hardware.
The capabilty of playback
environment.
Determine type of sound needed.
Space Considerations
Large a m o u n t of digital
information is required for high
quality sound, which reequires
large space.
If monaural sound is adequate
then one c a n cut the storage
space to half or double the
Audio Recording

If we record a t sound studio, then we digitize

sound a t 44.1 KHz
If we decide to do it b y our self we need:
Acoustically treated r o o m
High end amplifiers
Recording equipments a n d
microphones Good Editor to reduce noise
impacts.
Converters to translate to MP3 or
Sound For Mobile

Ringtones are normally associated with

phones.
Ringtones play on small speakers a n d often
c om p e t e in a noisy environment.
Telephone system sends signal a t 90 volt to
copper wire to give h a m m e r like bell sound.
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