A FIVE DAY WORKSHOP

ON
1

‘DESIGN OF AN R.C. BUILDING USING

COMPUTATIONAL TOOL-ETABS’

Speaker:
Sohail Ahmed Shaikh
M.Eng.(structures), BE (Civil), DCE .
 DAY-1: 3rd August 2020 (10:00 - 1:30) 2
Introduction to the course, Precursory concepts of mechanics, concrete technology and Design of structures, Opting proper frame
and positioning for columns.

DAY-2: 4th August 2020 (10:00 - 1:30)

Getting acquainted with the UI of ETABS-2017, Grades and properties of materials, Deciding preliminary sizes of the members,
Modelling the complete structure.
(Will work on an actual plan)

DAY-3: 5th August 2020 (10:00 - 1:30)

Calculation of loads (DL, LL & EQ), Assigning Loads, Methods of Analysis (ES/RS/TH), Extracting Results.

DAY-4 and 5: 6th and 7th August 2020 (10:00 - 1:30)

Rectifying member failure, Designing in ETABS, Design of Isolated Footings, staircase, Structural detailing in ETABS, Structural
Drawings. Concluding remarks and Certification.
 REFERENCES BOOKS AND PORTAL: 3

 Design of RC Structures, N Subramanian

 Shah Kale
 N. Krishna Raju
 EdX
 University Portals
 NPTEL
 IIT BOMBAY
 Analysis
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 Process to simulate the building or structural elements and their expected
behaviour under different conditions.

 Structural analysis is the process of calculating and determining the effects of loads
and internal forces on a structure, building or object.

 Structural Analysis is particularly important for structural engineers to ensure they

completely understand the load paths and the impacts the loads have on their
engineering design.

 It allows engineers or designers to ensure a piece of equipment or structure is safe

for use under the estimated loads it is expected to withstand.
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 structural Analysis can either be performed during design, testing or post-construction
and will generally account for the materials used, geometry of the structure and applied
loads

 Structural Analysis usually looks at individual structural elements, and the forces they
undergo.

 structural engineer will look at the structural analysis results for beams, slabs, cables
and walls

 All of these elements have forces applied to them, such as wind loads, dead loads (like
self weight) and live loads (like people or vehicles). So it is important for the engineer
to review how each of these elements behave under these loads.
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Methods of Analysis

Hand Advanced
Computational
Calculations Methods
Tools

Finite Element
Kani’s Method STAAD
Method

Finite Diff
MDM ETABS
Method

Bound.
Slope and
PROTA Element
Deflections
Method
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What are we interested in?

Stresses Strains
 Stress ? What’s that? 8

It is a Quantity which describes the distribution of internal forces

within a body
Really? So simple? 9
 Strain? Not again ! 10

It is a Quantity which describes Comparative deformations in a body

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Planning
Utility
Aesthetics
Design
Design of
Structural
Elements
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Harmonic
Periodic
Static Non-Harmonic
Loads

Prescribed
(Deterministic)
Dynamic Transient
Random
Non-periodic
(Probabilistic)
Impulsive
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Analysis Process

Behaviour of
External action Type of the model
structures

Dynamic Elastic-plastic
Static analysis Elastic analysis 1D,2D,3D
analysis analysis
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Safety

Serviceability
Structural
Economy
Design
Durability

Aesthetics
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Compressive
Reinforced strength
cement concrete Tensile Axial Tension
Strength
Bending Tension

POINTS TO COVER:
• CEMENT
• TENSILES STRENGTH
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Age of concrete
Compressive
strength
Wc Ratio

Specimen effect
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1.0 Fck

0.7 Fck
 Experimental 22
Method

Ultimate Strength Design Working Stress

Method Philosophy Method

Limit State
Method
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Explain
Young's
Modulus
here
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HOW WILL IT FAIL??

FAILURE THEORIES
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Analysis of IDS
• Stiffness Matrix Method
• Modified stiffness matrix method
• Flexibility Matrix method
• FDM
• FEM
 Softwares? But Why? 33

 To Solve Complex Matrices

 3D Analysis
 Simple modelling methods
 Analysis of complex structures.
 Faster results
 Minimising errors
 Easy rectifications
 To follow the code books
 Detailing of complex structures
 Which Software is good? 34
 Softwares:
 ETABS
 STAAD Pro.
 SAP-2000
 PROTA
 MIDAS
 ANSYS
 ABAQUS
 LS DYNA
 NASTRAN
 NISA
 Many More
 Why ETABS?
 It is more updated with latest version of ETABS of 2018. Hence revisions in codal provisions 35
and developments are incorporated every version. Staad on the other hand has its latest version
in 2008,I guess.
 With that said, minor improvements are made every version. CSI, the company of ETABS is in
close association & touch with NICEE, IIT Roorkee and other IITs. Hence field and lab
observations are incorporated in ETABS. Design processor of ETABS is improved in every way
possible, like in beams. (This was said by Prof Yogender Singh, IIT Roorkee). So esp when
Indian IS codes are used, enhanced efficiency is obtained.
 Staad always gives higher demand for steel reinforcement. (Which sometimes is illogical and
when checked manually proves to be excessive).This is why reputed structural consultants in
Delhi, Blore, Mumbai moved to ETABS long ago, in addition to reasons mentioned above. Eg.
Vintech consultants, Delhi who designs many buildings of DLF, Jaypee used ETABS in its
office. Also they do this after proving the credibility of ETABS by manual calculations.
 ETABS is used in structural design of Bruj Khalifa, Taipei 101 and many other prominent high
rise. Hence credibility. SOM, worlds leading consultant who also design Bruj Khalifa, China TV
tower mostly uses ETABS. Also most local Gulf/Middle east consultants use ETABS too. For
Burj Khalifa, read paper by the designer William Baker, SOM- 
http://global.ctbuh.org/resources/papers/download/1326-engineering-the-worlds-tallest-burj-bub
ai.pdf
 ETABS have robust feature of pushover/P-delta analysis and time history analysis.
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 Newer versions of ETABS has detailing provisions. Eg. as per SP 34. As we know detailing takes time. But
ETABS does it post analysis and design and generates detailing drawings too. Awesome right! (Could be a
bane to Draftsmen\U0001f62c)
 Once you correctly define materials in ETABS, things are taken care in the modelling process. Like
ETABS automatically takes care of dead load. You have to assign dead loads manually in Staad.
 If you seriously want to be strong in your analytical skills, read the book written by the man behind
ETABS- Ed Wilson "Three Dimensional Static and Dynamic Analysis of Structures" 
 ETABS is basically product of University of California, Berkely. Credibility.
 ETABS is quite self explanatory and the 'Help' inside the software is simple to understand. Also you will
find many useful tutorials in YouTube and PDF.
 Tweak-ability of ETABS: Shear wall design, stiffness modifiers, mass source, restraints, diaphragm...
Second Moment of Area 37
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 About Reinforcements 41
 Sizes
 Placements
 User Interface
 Misc. details
Scope of ETABS 42
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ABOUT ETABS