Project Concept

(Discussion note)
Training Materials

Session I: Objective
After the completion of this discussion, participants will be able to explain the:
interrelationship between the PLAN, PLANNING, PROGRAMME & PROJECT, concept of a project and project cycle; uniqueness of a project; and project concept note
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Understanding the Interrelationship between

Plan, Planning, Program, Project

Plan, Planning, Programme and Project Plan?

A plan is a vision or map to represent the form and/or feature of desired situation.
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Beauty and success of plan, programme and projects

Beauty of a plan depends upon the visionary clarity of planner/s. Beauty of the programmes and projects depends upon their consistency with the plan. Success of the plan depends upon the success of its programmes and projects Success of projects depends upon the adequacy of resources (fin, tech, human, infrastructure and management )
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Planning?
is a process to formulate a plan. It involves a pre-consideration of resource estimation an action drive to put the plan into operation. It involves a commitment of resources.
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Planning
Plan formulation

Plan Propos ed

Plan
Appro

Planning
Implementation

ved

Feed back

Programme? A programme is the extensive and consistent set of interrelated projects those are required to achieve the objectives and goal of set plan.
A plan consists a number of programmes
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Project ?
Projects are the specific action units or schemes designated for the investment of given set of resources (human, finance, technology, time etc). in order to achieve the predetermined objective/s. Projects are the building blocks of a program and programmes are the integrated blocks of development plan. Projects remain at the bottom level of any plan
(community plan, district plan, national plan etc.).
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Plan Program and Project

Plan
Increase rice production by 20% and improve economic status of farmers To increase by 20% rice, we need Irrigation Seed Fertilizer, insecticide, pesticide Agri-loan Technical human resource Agri-marketing .
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Program

Projects

Plan, Programs and Projects

PLAN

Development or Sectoral Plans

Programmes

PROJECT

R E L Action E Outlines V A Action N Execution 11 C Y

Broad Decisions

Alternative view of Plan, Programs and Projects

PLAN

PROGRA MME PROJ ECT 12

Type and Nature of Projects

Classification of Projects Basis Type and Nature of Projects Sector: non-industrial or industrial Ownership: private or public Output: Motto: Scale; goods or service producing profit or non-profit oriented small, medium, large
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Project characteristics in common

Every project must have its:

Objective Investment Space System Cycle
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Project Cycle and its Phases

Phase II Formulation
Phase III Implementation M&E Project A Phase I Identification Project B Phase III Appraisal

Phase II Formulation

Phase IV Implementation, M&E

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Uniqueness
Every project will have its own uniqueness because of its locational, climatic, socio-cultural and other situational factors. So it is not practicable to copy and implement a project in ditto from one location or situation to another location and situation.
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Instruction Give an example of interrelationship between Plan, Programme and Project in your organizational or professional context
Programmes
A

Projects

Plan
B

1 .. 2 3..

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For your kind information, the following publications are available from my pen.

Guidelines for Improving Your Skills in Project Proposal

Writing with LFA, Report Writing and Report Presentation Fifth and Enlarged Edition 2008,
In Nepali version also 2006

Daibi Prokop Tatha Prokop Vayvasthapan, 2062 B.S. (Disaster and Disaster Management: General
Concept and Nepalese Context, in Nepali).

Fundamentals of Monitoring and Evaluation, 2007 People's Participation: Lesson for Better Planning
published in 1999 by NASC.
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