RECONSTRUCTIONISM

and
PROGRESSIVISM
Presented by:

Group 3
Jane Lou Manigos
Adoris B. Albores
Rubirosa M. Peral
Reconstructionism

JANE LOU MANIGOS

Presenter
 Definition of Reconstructionism
 Isa philosophy that emphasizes the addressing of social
questions and a quest to create a better society and
worldwide democracy. Typically a Reconstructionist
focuses on a curriculum that highlights social reform.
 Also known as SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONISM, this
theory claims the true successor of Progressivism and
declares that the chief purpose of education is to
“RECONSTRUCT” society in order to meet the cultural
crisis brought about by social, political and economic
problems.
 Itis philosophy of education that focuses on using
education to eliminate social inequities.
 Definition of Reconstructionism
 It is philosophy of education that focuses on
using education to eliminate social inequities.
 Socialreconstructionists, believe that systems
must be changed to overcome oppression and
improve human conditions.
 PRINCIPAL
PROPONENTS
Theodore Brameld (1904-1987)

• He was considered the founder of social

reconstructionism.
• He believed that education had the
responsibility to mold human beings into a
cohesive and compassionate society.
• He recognized the potential for either human
annihilation through technology and human
cruelty or the capacity to create a beneficent
society using technology and human compassion.
 PRINCIPAL PROPONENTS
 George Counts (1889-1974)
• Recognized that the education was the means of preparing
people for creating this new social order.

 Paulo Freire (1921-1997)

• A Brazilian whose experience living in poverty led him to
champion education and literacy as the vehicle for social
change.
• Humans must learn to resist oppression and not become its
victims, nor oppress others.
• Saw teaching and learning as a process of inquiry in which the
child must invent and reinvent the world.
 Premises of
Reconstructionism
Society is in need of constant
reconstruction or change.
Such social change involves a
reconstruction of education and the use
of education in reconstructing the
society background.
 Reconstructionism and
Curriculum
 Curriculum focuses on student experience and
taking social action on real problems.
 Provides students with critical thinking tools.
 Public
Education should be the direct instrument of
world reformation.
 Usemoral dilemmas to direct attention toward
social and world reform.
 Reconstructionism and Curriculum
 The curriculum incorporate lessons that require
students to take actions and they are learning on how to
become responsible citizens and how to take matters on
their own hands.
 Opportunity for students to gain first hand experience in
studying real social problems and controversial issues.
 The curriculum should improve students’ abilities to
think critically and charge students to take actions.
Reconstructionism and Aims of Education
 Strengthen control of the schools and for goal-
seeking interests of the overwhelming majority of
mankind.
 Thereconstructionist seek an education that
emphasizes cultural pluralism, equality and futurism.
 Criticallyexamines the cultural heritage of a society
as well as the entire civilization.
 Is not afraid to examine controversial issues.
Reconstructionism and Aims of
Education
 Deliberatelycommitted to bring about social and
constructive change.
 Cultivatea future planning attitude that considers
the reality of the world.
 Enlist
students and teachers in a definite program
to enhance cultural renewal and interculturalism.
 Methods of Instruction
 It is student-centered philosophy, means less authoritarian, less
concerned with the past and training of the mind, more focused
on individual needs, contemporary relevance and preparing
students for a changing future.
 Teacher spend less time on lecturing and more time allowing
students to work together in groups, challenging one another and
bouncing ideas of one another.
 Its focuses on educating students about issues going on in their
society.
 Students learn more, remember it longer, and apply it to new
situations better if they learn through experience rather than
being told something.
 Classroom Management
 Teacherand students questions the assumption of status
quo and examine social issues and future trends.
 Organizeclassroom in a classless, nonsexist and
nonracial manner.
 Lessemphasis on management and control and more
focus on community building.
 Atmosphere promotes analysis, criticism and research
would best describe the classroom environment.
 As a Teacher

 Must be willing to engage in ongoing of their person

and professional lives.
 Criticize
and evaluate work conditions and extends
educational roles outside of the classroom.
 Must be comfortable with constant change.
 Willingto engage and form alliances with community
and parents to make the school better.
Progressivism

ADORIS B. ALBORES
Presenter
 Definition of Progressivism
 Progress means the movement towards a refined, improved,
or otherwise desired state
 Progressive means making use of or interested in new ideas,
findings, or opportunities.
 Philosophical tradition that emerged in 1890’s.
 Progressivism was a philosophical tradition that highlighted
that human development, or the improvement of human
conditions relied very much on scientific, technological,
social and economical development.
 Progressivists believe that people learn best from what they
consider most relevant to their lives. Progressivists center
curriculum on their needs, experience.
 What is Progressivism?

 Progressivismis the educational philosophy which is

grounded in the pure philosophy of pragmatism.
 Pragmaticontology holds that reality is in the area of
everyday life/ personal experience. Its view is that
ideas should be tested for their utility.
 Progressivismfocuses on real world problem solving
and individual development.
 Characteristics of Progressivism
 Emphasis is human development
 Experiential learning
 Emphasis on lifelong-learning skills
 Integrated curriculum focused on thematic units
 Understanding and action as the goals of learning as
opposed to rote knowledge.
 Collaborative and cooperative learning projects
 Strong emphasis on problem solving and critical
thinking
 Education for social responsibility and democracy.
 PRINCIPAL
PROPONENT
• JOHN DEWEY (1859-1952)

 An American philosopher, psychologist and educational

reformer
 His philosophy based on Pragmatism
 He established “ Laboratory School” in 1896
 He was the father of Educational Psychology
 He introduced progressive method of teaching
 He believed that book learning was no substitute for doing
things.
 Concept of Progressivism

 Contemporary reform movement in educational,

social and political affairs.
 Dewey viewed the school as a miniature
democratic society in ,which students could learn
and practice the skills and tools necessary for
democratic living.
 Educational Progressivism
 Educational progressivism is the belief that education must be
based on the principle that humans are social animals who
learn best in real life activities with other people.
 The skills and tool of learning include problem solving
methods and scientific inquiry.
 Learning experience include cooperative behaviors and self-
discipline.
 Schools can transmit the culture of society while it prepares
students in the changing world.
 Educational Progressivism
 This philosophy places emphasis on how to think and nor
what to think.
 Progressive education focused on the child as the learner
rather on subjects. Emphasized activities and experiences
rather than verbal and literary skills and encouraged
cooperative group learning activities rather than competitive
individualized lesson plan.
 Aims of Education
 To develop the personality of an individual through
providing a democratic environment in the educational
institutions.
 An all-round development of child.
 Cooperative behavior and social participation.
 Education of the whole man, or whole personality,
which includes the physical, emotional, social and
intellectual aspects of the individual.
 Progressivism and Curriculum
 It should be based on the actual giving environment to the
child. It must reflect his daily life.
 The curriculum is interdisciplinary in nature.
 Books and subject matter were part of the learning process
rather than sources of ultimate knowledge.
 Curriculum is based on student’s interest , involves the
application of human problems and affairs.
 It uses the life experience approach to fit the students for
future social actions.
 Curriculum is based on a specific group of students.
 Progressivism and Methods of Teaching
 Project-method- active participation of the pupils on the
learning process.
 Socialized method- to bring all the individual into a group
system of interaction.
 Conferences
 Demonstration
 Group work
 Role play
 Debates
 Inquiry
 discussion
 Planning and participation in the activities.
 Progressivism and the Teacher
 The human beings are given more importance. The
teacher must meet the needs of pupils as good human
beings.
 As a facilitator or guide
 Determine student interests.
 Involve students in curriculum development.
 Stimulate direct learning process
 PROGRESSIVISM
IN THE CLASSROOM

RUBIROSA M. PERAL
Presenter
 PROGRESSIVISM IN THE
CLASSROOM
 How do the learners progress?

 How does one know that a learner has gained, learned or

improved because he has received some education in
some classroom through some teachers?
-Progressivism is where teachers believe that each child
is unique and will learn individually based on what is
significant for that person's life to know and
understand.

-In a progressive school, students are actively learning.

The students interact with one another and develop social
qualities such as cooperation and tolerance for different
points of view.
 Where are the ideas in the
classroom?
 The ideas in the classroom can
be found in the learners minds.

 In a Progressive classroom,
learner’s ideas should be tested by
active experimentation.
 How Teachers Should Be Prepared?

-As a progressive teacher they will guide and

coach in the classroom. In the classroom the
teacher will have a lot of group work to have
students work together to find curiosity and feed
off what one already knows.
Five Steps to create
Progressive, Student-
Centered Classroom?
Five Steps to create Progressive, Student-
Centered Classroom?

1.Create ongoing projects

2. Integrate technology
3.Replace homework with engaging
in-class activities
4.Eliminate rules and consequences
5.Involve students in evaluation
What Are the Core
Qualities of a
Progressive
Classroom?
1. Experiential learning 
-A progressive classroom emphasis learning by
doing through hands-on projects and active
expeditionary learning.

2. Emphasis on lifelong learning and skills 

–Teaching students how to be engaged, active, and
responsible learners helps them develop the skills
and habits of mind that make learning both
accessible and fun.
3. Interdisciplinary learning 
– Progressive classrooms use integrated curriculum
so that students learn by forging connections
between concepts and ideas across different
disciplinary boundaries.

4. Understanding as the goal of learning instead

of rote knowledge 
– Traditional schools primarily focus on rote
learning – the memorization of information based
on repetition.
5. Collaborative and cooperative learning 
– By focusing on community, responsibility, and
group participation, progressive classrooms help
students develop the emotional intelligence and
social skills they need to work in groups, enjoy
healthy relationships, and to live fulfilling and
successful lives.
6. Emphasis on problem solving and critical
thinking 
– We help students build higher-order skills

7. Teaching social responsibility and democracy 

– Moral development is not a separate section of
the curriculum, but is intentionally interwoven in
everything we teach in school.
Thank
 Offline Activity
Reconstructionism & Progressivism
 1. How does reconstructionism influence education?
 2.As a teacher, what is your role in a
reconstructionist classroom? Explain and cite
examples.
 3.Why is social reconstructionism important in
education?
 4. How does progressivism influence education?
Discuss comprehensively.
 5. Are the students’ interest and needs considered in
a progressive classroom? Elaborate.