ORAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS & EFFECTIVENESS PRINCIPLES

ORAL COMMUNICATION ?
WHY ORAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS
TO HELP PROBLEM SOLVING TO RESOLVE CONFLICT TO INFLUENCE PEOPLE TO PERSUADE OTHERS TO BE ASSERTIVE TO DEVELOP LISTENING SKILLS TO NEGOTIATE TO MAKE A PROPOSAL

FACTORS OF COMMUNICATION
SYMBOLISING FACTORS (PHONETICS, GRAMMAR, LEXICAL, SYNTACTICAL, VOCAL AND NON VERBAL) FRAMING PATTERNS (QUALITY OF MESSAGE, DIRECTNESS, TOPIC TREATMENT, SOURCE OF INFORMATION) CONTEXTUAL PATTERNS (PURPOSE OF COMMUNICATIVE ACTIVITY, TOPIC OF DISCOURSE, INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS, APPROPRIATE TIMING AND SETTING)

FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
ORAL & WRITTEN LIMITATIONS (ORAL) DEMANDS ABILITY TO THINK COHERENTLY WORD ONCE UTTERED CANNOT BE TAKEN BACK HARD TO CONTROL VOICE, PITCH AND TONE AS TEMPERAMENT VARIES VERY DIFFICULT TO BE CONSCIOUS OF BODY LANGUAGE

PRINCIPLES OF ORAL COMMUNICATION

The problem with communication is the illusion that it has occurred. George Bernard Shaw (Verbal 7%, Tone of voice 38%, visual 55%)
GET APPROPRIATE FEEDBACK CONNECT WITH AUDIENCE LISTEN AND UNDERSTAND INTERPRETING MESSAGES MUTUAL RESPECT

The use of effective language to convey a clear business message to achieve pre-determined objective.

Characteristics Continuous process A short- lived process Needs proper understanding of the message Leads to the achievement of organizational objectives Dispels misunderstanding

Features of Business Communication

Deals with various commercial and industrial subjects It is charactezised by certain formal elements commercial and technical vocabulary, graphic and audio visual aids, conventional formats Impartial and objective as extreme care is taken to convey information accurately and concisely Entails complex writing techniques and procedures

Benefits of effective communication

CHARACTERISTICS OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

OBJECTIVE INTEREST LEVEL SINCERITY SIMPLE LANGUAGE CLEAR, BRIEF, PRECISE GIVE FULL FACTS ASSUME NOTHING POLITE WORDS AND TONE

Barriers
Anything that prevents successful communication from occurring Complex and multi-layered Can be technical or generated by the medium used, etc. but: Main problem is human behaviour and psychology, e.g.

BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE ORAL COMMUNICATION

ABILITY OF THE SENDER-how much the sender understands the message LISTENING SKILLS AND ATTITUDE OF THE RECEIVERSTATUS, HALO EFFECT, COMPLEXES,CLOSED MIND, POOR RETENTION,PREMATURE EVALUATION, ABSTRACTING, SLANT,COGNITIVE DISSONANCE, LANGUAGE BARRIER

Organisational factors complexity of the organisation, scope of the organisation

Barriers contd
Cultural attitudes

..

Perceptions, prejudices and stereotypes Inappropriate target for the message Technical capabilities ICT!

Emotional Interference
An enduring image the message this photograph was meant to send out was vital to Middle East peace.

 A significant factor influencing successful communication Emotions - anger, frustration, happiness, enthusiasm, need to be defensive, desire to be assertive, etc. Body language says far more about communication than we ever realise!

CONVERSATION CONTROL?
To listen closely and reply well is the highest perfection that we are able to attain in the art of conversation .

INFLUENCING AND ENCOURAGING TO RESPOND POSITIVELY TECHNIQUES OF CHANGING THE DIRECTION OF CONVERSATION SMOOTHLY ABILITY TO ALLOW A DISCUSSION TO DEVELOP ALONG KEY ISSUES IN AN UNINTERRUPTED WAY RECOGNISING, APPRECIATING ,UNDERSTANDING

IMPORTANCE

RESPOND TO CRITICISM WITH CONFIDENCE KNOWING HOW TO GET THE CORRECT INFORMATION TALK CONVINCINGLY HANDLING OBJECTIONS/OPPOSITIONS DEVELOPING SPECIAL SKILLS IN INTERVIEWING AND APPRAISAL LEARNING TO USE THE DYNAMICS OF CONVERSATION PROBLEM SOLVING AND SOCIAL USE

A WISE MAN REFLECTS BEFORE HE SPEAKS;A FOOL SPEAKS, THEN REFLECTS ON WHAT HE HAS UTTERED.

APPLICATION OF CONVERSATION CONTROL

SELLING /BUYING NEGOTIATING INTERVIEWING PARTICIPATING DISAGREEING PROTESTING COMPLIMENTING RESPONDING TO CRITICISMS

 LET THY SPEECH BE BETTER THAN SILENCE OR BE SILENT