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EMOTIONS

(TRADITION
Labels
CULTURE)

REGULATIONS
Price Taste

Product
AVAILABILITY Appearance
information
QUALITY
CONTROL
PRICE, BRAND
Claims Texture
NAME

CONVENIENCE
Brand Smell

Packaging

EXTRINSICT FACTORS INTRINSICT FACTORS


1. Dishonesty/ greedy
2. Meet market needs
3. increase profits and
Why? reduce production costs
4. lack of knowledge, etc. What to do?

Approach methods
 Substitution  Gray market
 Dilution production
 Counterfeiting  Mislabeling Non-
Destructive
 Unauthorized  Concealment Destructive
enchancement  Etc.
Optical Electrical Spectra &
1. Chromatographic-based technique techniques spectral imaging
If 2. Spectroscopic-based
1. Vision-based 1. E-nose 1. IR
3. Immunologic-based 2. Raman spectroscopy
2. E-tongue
4. Electrophoretic-based 3. Raman imaging
3. EIS
FOOD 4. Hyperspectral
ADULTERATION 5. LIBS
6. Terahertz
7. Fluorescence
8. Etc.

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