GEOMETRIC DESIGNS

OBJECTIVES
• At the end of this lesson, you should be able
to:
a. discuss and explore tessellation or tiling;
b. apply geometry concepts, especially
isometries in describing and creating
designs; and
c. create your own tessellation design
Archimedes and other ancient mathematicians
investigated properties of regular polygons
and combinations of regular polygons that
tessellated the plane. The word "tessellation"
comes from the word "tessera" meaning "a
square tablet" and it has been borrowed from
the Greek word "tessares" meaning "four."
The square tablets were used to make ancient
Roman mosaics. In this lesson, we will learn
more about tessellation especially its nature
and connection in culture.
Basically, a tessellation
tessellation
is a way to tile a floor (that goes
on forever) with shapes so that there is no overlapping
and no gaps.
Dutch graphic artist M. C. Escher (1898-1972) is known for
his creative use of tessellations in his work. What
transformations can you see in this picture?

The birds and fish have been translated here.

Maurits Cornelis Escher is known as the “Father
of Tessellation”. He was born in the Dutch
province of Friesland; he began studying
tessellation around 1935. He created
tessellations on woodworks and made 137
tessellations in his lifetime. He originally
studied architecture before becoming interested
in woodcuts and printmaking.
What
transformations
can you see in this
Escher print?

Some birds
have been
translated
and some
have been
rotated.
 Different Types of Tessellations
• Regular Tessellations
- It is made of congruent regular polygons; being
regular means the sides of the polygon are all the
same length and congruent means that the polygons
we put together are all the same size and shape. To
tessellate a two-dimensional (Euclidean plane) plane,
it must tile a floor (that goes on forever) with no
overlapping or gaps. The tiles must be regular
polygons (all the same) and each vertex must look
the same..
There are three (3) different regular
tessellations of regular polygons.
 Different Types of Tessellations
• Semi-Regular Tessellations
- Itis an edge-to-edge tessellation where two or more
different polygons are around each vertex having the
same pattern of polygons. There are eight different
semi-regular tessellations of regular polygons
namely: trihexagonal, elongated triangular, snub
square, small rhombi trihexagonal, truncated
square, great rhombi trihexagonal, snub
hexagonal, and truncated hexagonal.
Semi-Regular Tessellations
Semi-regular Tessellations
 CREATING TESSELLATION
DESIGN
We can create a tessellation through a group
of techniques called transformation. These
techniques are used to take shape and match it
exactly to another. The four types of
transformation which we had discussed in
Lesson 1 are translation, rotation, reflection,
and glide reflection.
 To create a tessellation by transformation, follow
the following steps:

1. First, find a midpoint of a side.

2. Second is to make a new edge for half of
the side.
3. Next is to rotate the new edge of the other
half of the side.
4. Then, repeat with the other sides.
5. Lastly is to use the figure to make
tessellation.
 Watch this YouTube video on
how to create tessellation:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GtG4Jnbpomk
TESSELLATION AROUND US
TESSELLATION AROUND US
Module activity
 TESSELLATION MAKING

You have to make a creative tessellation, and

you are free to choose what kind of designs
you will exhibit.
You will present your creative tessellation on
an 1/8 illustration board or a4 bond paper.