Prayer before the

Class
Review
What was our lesson last meeting?
What can you say?
Floor Care,
Cleaning and
Maintenance
Learning Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the students must be able to:

a. Identify correctly the types of floors and its daily maintenance;
b. Identify properly the types if floor cleaning and the equipment needed;
c. Discuss correctly cleaning and maintenance of resilient floors;
d. Discuss properly the care and maintenance of hard floors and carpeted
floors;
e. Name appropriately the three types of carpet stains;
f. Demonstrate correctly the floor cleaning process and floor polishing
procedures; and
g. Integrate the core values of excellence and service in floor care, cleaning
and maintenance.
“
▸ Floors should not only look clean and shiny, but should
also be in good condition – not broken, torn or damaged
so as not to cause accidents. Cracks, splinter and other
problems should be repaired as soon as possible. Loose
or defective floor tiles should be replaced.
 Types of Floors Daily Maintenance
1. Hard Floors
a. Marble and cemented floors Sweeping- daily
Damp mopping- as needed
Plain polishing- daily
Stripping and finishing- periodically

b. Mixed – i.e., pebbles, crazy cut, etc.
2. Vinyl/Resilient Floors
Brushing with a push brush
Wet mopping
Sweeping- daily
Damp mopping- as needed
Spray buffing and polishing- as needed
Vacuuming of corners- daily

3. Wood and Parquet Sanding- initial application

Sweeping- daily
Spray buffing and polishing- as needed
Vacuuming of corners- daily
Dust mopping- daily
Types of Floors Daily Maintenance
4. Carpet Vacuuming- daily
Shampooing- when heavily soiled
Extraction- when the soil has penetrated
the inner layers which can only be
removed by way of extraction
Types of Floor
Cleaning and
Maintenance
Types of Floor Cleaning Equipment needed
1. Sweeping- removing dirt and trach from Soft broom for fine surfaces like cemented
floors using sweepers and dust pan floors, vinyl.
Stick broom for hard surfaces loke grounds,
carpet sweeper for carpet
2. Dust mopping- dusting away dirt on floors Dry mop with handle
using mops.
3. Damp mopping- mopping the floor with Mop with handle
lightly wet mop to clear the floor of dirt and Mop must be squeezed tightly on the wriner
soil. to prevent dripping
Mop wringer
4. Spray buffing- spraying the floor with a buff Sprayer
finish to retouch it and to keep the gloss. Buff finish
Steel wool
Nylon pads
5. Plain polishing- retouching the shine of Floor polisher- machine
floors by polishing with a polisher. The floor For manual polishing- use abaca foot pad; or
does not need to undergo stripping and coconut husk
sealing.
Types of Floor Cleaning Equipment needed
6. Floor stripping- requires application of Finishing solution
stripping solution. Mop with handle
Mop wringer

7. Finishing floors- performed on floors that are Paste/liquid wax

stripped of old wax and dirt and sealed for Floor polisher
protection. The finishing is accomplished through
the application of wax or floor shine and
polishing thereafter using a floor polisher.

8. extraction- is the process of extracting deeply Carpet extractor

embedded dirt and soil in carpets especially
those in inner layers that cannot be removed by
shampooing.
9. Wet mopping- mopping the floor using highly Mop
wet (but not dripping) mop. Mop wringer
10. Shampooing- removal of embedded dirt and Push brush
stains using carpet shampoo either manually or Carpet shampoo
by the use of a machine. This process apples to Pail of water
carpets.
Types of Floor Cleaning Equipment needed
11. Vacuuming- elimination of Ordinary vacuum cleaner or hydro-vac
embedded dirt on floors using a vacuum (wet and dry vacuum for wet and dry
cleaner. surfaces)
Cleaning and Maintenance of Resilient Floors

▸ The most common of the resilient (or man-made)

floors are linoleum, vinyl, asphalt and rubber tiles.

▸ They are considered as resilient because they are

elastic and buoyant underfoot. Unlike wood and
marble, they are non-porous. These floors are usually
used in utility areas such as the kitchen and the
laundry room.
Among the resilient floors are:

▸ Linoleum – a mixture of solidified linseed oil, gums, and

pigments, cord dust, laid on burlap, canvas or felt backing.
It comes in attractive patterns- geometric, floral and
abstract.
▸ Vinyl – made of plastic and comes in cheer vinyl, roto-vinyl,
vinyl asbestos tile and homogenous vinyl tile.
▸ Asphalt tile – a mixture of asbestos fibers, resin and
asphalt. Its colors extend through the tile. It is a hard floor,
inexpensive yet attractive. Since it resists the chemical
reaction of alkaline moisture, it can be laid directly over
concrete foundation slabs or basement floors.
Among the resilient floors are:

▸ Rubber tile – made of rubber, resins, fillers, pigments

and curing agents which are mixed, formed into sheets
and cured through a heated process. Originally, natural
rubbers are used in making the tile. Today synthetic
rubber is used.
Although lighter and quieter underfoot than the other
types of floor, resilient floor easily warp unless given
proper care and protection.
Care and Maintenance

▸ 1. Due to the residues that develop during the manufacturing

process,. New resilient floors should not be waxed immediately
after installation. To prepare the floor for the initial polishing, it
should be thoroughly scrubbed (often more than once).
▸ 2. For the care of resilient floors, an emulsion wax is
recommended. First sweep the floor to remove dust and loose
dirt from the floor. Then pour a small quantity of this emulsion
wax on the floor and spread evenly with a clean cloth. Let it dry
completely for 20 minutes, then buff with a clean dry cloth,
abaca footpads, a coconut husk or floor polisher.
Care and Maintenance

▸ 3. To prevent damage while removing chewing gum, candle wax and tar
from resilient floors, use an ice cube in a plastic bag and place it on the
problem spot area to harden the gum. Then scrape the dirt with a dull-
edged fool Clean by rubbing with fine still wool or nylon net dipped in
detergent solution, Rinse, let dry and apply it with emulsion polish.
▸ 4 To remove black heel marks from floors without reducing the entire
floor, rub the marks with fine steel wool or nylon net dipped in emulsion
wax. Rub the area gently then buff Spread the new way over the cleaned
area, blending edges, and let dry.
▸ 5. Excessive use of water or harsh cleaners cause tiles to loosen
Replace loose tiles immediately. To prevent recurrence, use a mild
cleaner and avoid flooding the floor with water when cleaning.
Care and Maintenance of Hard Floors

▸ Hard Floors are so called because they are hard

and not easily pierced They are cold underfoot The
most common of these are marble and granolithic
floors. They are usually used in the living and dining
rooms, terraces and sometimes in the utility area.
Hard Floors include:

1. Marble comes mainly from quarries in Rizal, Bulacan,

Mindoro and Romblon. It comes in wide varieties of color,
sheen and patterns. formed by veins or clouds.
2. Mixes come in granolithic, terrazzo, ceramic, and tile, terra
cotta, brick, and concrete and pebble washout.
3. Terrazo and Granolithic have basically the same
composition as mixes, made out of marble chips and white
cement, compressed and thick slab ground that is polished to
a very smooth finish.
Hard Floors include:

4. Ceramic Tile is baked clay which comes unglazed or with

high glaze.
5. Terra Cotta is hard baked clay tile in reddish or red-yellow
colors.
6. Concrete is a mixture of sand and cement with gravel,
broken stone and for other similar elements The water allows
the cement to bind the mass into the desired form
7. Pebble washout is a mixture of river stones and cement.
The color depends on the color of the stones used in the
mixture and the cement.
 To clean and protect hard floors, here are some tips:

1. Protect hard floors from scratches, water-born stains, dirt and

discoloration by sealing them using floor sealers. Using ordinary
wax on these floors without sealing them first will mar their beauty
and durability.
2. Any spillage should be wiped off right away to avoid discoloration
of floors, Coffee, citrus, fruit juices or alcohol that is spilled on
unsealed hard floors will cause serious discoloration and dullness
unless the spillage is wiped off right away. There are times when the
surface gets stained even if the spillage is already wiped with damp
cloth. This can be avoided if the floors are protected with a sealer.
Wooden and Parquet Floors - comes from wood.

▸ Initial Care:
1. Have the floor properly sanded.

2. Vacuum clean.

3. Fill or seal it with 3 coats of sealer then buff between applications.

4. Apply solvent-based wax.

Wooden and Parquet Floors - comes from wood.

▸ Daily

1. Buff with heavy- powered machine to bring out its

gloss.
2. Apply second coat of wax and then buff again.
3. Use wax treated dust mop which should be changed
often.
4. Damp mop (only if necessary) with just a little amount
of moisture
Wooden and Parquet Floors - comes from wood.

▸ Periodically:

1. Buff floor with a steel wool or nylon pads.

2 Spot clean with damp mop and diluted solution of detergent.
3. Rebuff. Apply light coat of wax if needed.
4 When spills occur on wooden floors, wipe them immediately with a
damp cloth or a sponge. If the floor is spilled with milk, dip a cloth in a
mild detergent solution and with that, wring out and wipe the spill. Wipe
for the second time with slightly moist cloth to remove any soap film.
Once floor is dried, apply wax.
Wooden and Parquet Floors - comes from wood.

5 Sometimes white spots may appear on wooden floors after waxing

This is usually caused by residues coming from unnoticed spills,
especially those containing milk or sugar When the spots appear, remove
them by pouring a little amount of liquid wax on them. Rub them gently
with very fine steel. Work carefully with the grain of the wood and buff
immediately with a clean cloth to make them look shiny.
6. Work with the grain whenever possible when applying liquid/paste
wax.
7. Buffing waxes need not be applied everyday as these waxes give
floors long-lasting protection. Apply only when floors look dull. Once a
week or every two weeks or even once a month will do, especially when
rarely used.
Wooden and Parquet Floors - comes from wood.

8. Apply waxes in areas that get heavy wear and become dull
between waxings, such as those located near entrances and
exits. Use solvent-based waxes. It is not always necessary to
re-do the entire floor. The newly waxed portions will blend
perfectly with adjacent areas.

9. Stubborn spots on wooden floors maybe removed during

waxing or in between cleanings by rubbing them with fine steel
wool dipped in liquid wax.
Wooden and Parquet Floors - comes from wood.

10. Alkaline stains on wooden floors appear when sudsy cleaning

solutions are spilled and allowed to dry. To eliminate these dark spots,
do the following:
▸ Remove all wax with naphtha or kerosene;

▸ Thoroughly wash spotted area with vinegar, allow it to remain on

spots for three or four minutes.

▸ Wipe dry with a clean cloth. If repeated application of vinegar does

not remove spot, apply 4 percent oxalic acid solution. (1) tablespoon
oxalic acid Crystal in one-cup water.
▸ Allow it to stand 2-3 minutes or until spots disappear.
Wipe with damp cloth. If the wood looks lighter after
spots are removed, touch up with shellac or
penetrating floor sealer. Re-wax after it gets thoroughly
dry.
Cleaning and Maintenance of Carpeted Floors

▸ Carpeted floors are made of fibers. They need special attention.

Improper cleaning and treatment can destroy the fibers and turn it
into a worn out carpet

▸ Carpets are to be cleaned daily with vacuum cleaner. If heavily

soiled, shampooing is necessary using either manual method or
through the use of a shampooing machine. However in cases where
the soil has deeply penetrated the carpet layers, shampooing may
not be able to remove the sol underneath if this is the case,
extraction maybe necessary. Use a carpet extractor Too frequent
extraction is neither recommended inasmuch as this can destroy the
fibers.
Cleaning and Maintenance of Carpeted Floors

▸ Carpet Extraction - By extraction, the dirt or soil in the carpet is

loosened and then extracted It should be rinsed right after extraction
This process applies to all types of carpet and offers the following
advantages:
1. It removes dirt right down to the base of the pile.
2. Only small quantities of chemical residue are left, resulting in a low
degree of subsequent re-soiling.
3. Small amount of residual moisture (about 10-20%) is left due to
efficient vacuum removal.
4. Has short drying period.
5. It is safe even for gentle carpets
Three Types of Carpet Stains

1. GROUP A- (Soft drinks, alcohol, candy, urine, excrement and starches) -

Sponge the spill lightly with cool water and wipe with sponge or tissue paper
For stubborn stains, sponge a detergent solution, rinse with clean water, blot dry
with paper towels, and then completely dry, and brush up the affected areas.
2. GROUP B- (Ink, face creams, butter and other oily or greasy substances) -
Remove or blot away the spilled substance, working from the edge toward the
center to avoid spreading the. For scraping, use a spoon or the dull side of a
knife. Sponge the affected area with cleaning fluid and brush off.
3. GROUP C- (Stains in this group are a combination of A and B and includes
shoe polish, coffee, vomit, blood and crayon). Blot up or scrape the spilled
substance Then sponge the detergent solution. If stains remain after the area is
dry, spill use cleaning fluid.
 Removing Spots on Carpets

▸ Sugar and Starch - Wipe spot with a cloth or sponge, rinse with clear
water. Use dry cleaning fluid or absorbent powder cleaner.
▸ Milk - Sponge with solution of water and detergent, then with clear water.
▸ Ink - If spot is caused by washable ink, use damp, absorbent cloth. If it
comes from ballpoint mark, use dry-cleaning fluid.
▸ Pet spots - Sponge urine spots thoroughly with clear water then blot
quickly. Go over spot and apply solution of water and detergent, then
wipe off with cloth dampened with clear water, blotting up excess. If spot
has dried, saturate it with solution of 1/2-cup vinegar to a cup of warm
water and let it stand for a few minutes. Blot and repeat treatment until
the discoloration disappears. They dry carpet as quickly as possible.
Removing Spots on Carpets

▸ Wax - If the wax has dried, use stiff bristle brush to remove solid
matter. On spots caused by paste or liquid wax or furniture wax
use dry-cleaning fluid. If stains remain, rub with warm soap
water or foam-type rug cleaner. Spots from self-polishing floor
wax should be cleaned with warm water and detergent.
necessary, follow with foam-type or dry cleaning fluid, or both.
▸ Cigarette burns - If burns appear on the surface of the rug, use
a sharp scissor to snip away blackened ends of tuft Sponge
with a solution of wax and detergent, then sponge again with
clear water. For severely burnt spots, consult a professional
carpet repair service.
Floor Cleaning
Process
“
1. STRIPPING
▸ Stripping is the elimination of embedded dirt, oil
and old layers of floor finish and sealer. The
process completely cleans and prepares floors for
the application of new coats, floor sealer or floor
finish (wax). Floor stripping products are used for
this purpose.
“
2. SEALING
▸ Sealing smoothens rough surfaces, scratches and other
types of floor abuse thereby enhancing their Application
of a floor sealer -chemical on the floor also protects the
surfaces and acts as bond between the floor sealer and
the finish (wax).

▸ Sealing floors require an application of a sealing solution

which protects the glazes of the tiles, makes the floor look
better, cling together and last longer.
“
3. FINISHING
▸ Floor is finished with the application of coats of
wax to make it appear glossy and appealing to the
eyes. When coated with wax, the floor is better
protected from damage and stains. A good finish
also prolongs the life of the floors.
“
4. MAINTAINING
▸ For quality maintenance, the floor must be retouched and buffed to
remove embedded dirt and heel marks. Buffing with chemicals like
snap back of SC Johnson is a simple process of squirting and
polishing. retouching the floor and restoring the newly finished look.
Buffing not only cleans the floor but also prevents dirt from
penetrating and sticking to the finish. Repeated buffing keeps the
shine until the next stripping and finishing job becomes absolutely
necessary.
▸ Part of floor maintenance is the removal of tucked-in dirt through
the use of cleaners. Some cleaners are also used as disinfectants
and for removing malodorous compounds.
 Finishing Floors
- To finish a floor means completing the process of floor
cleaning through wax application only after it has been
stripped of old sealers and wax and after it has been
sealed with a sealing solution.
Materials Needed: Mop, mop wringer, finishing solution

1. Dip the clean mop into the bucket containing the finishing solution and
wring it as tightly as possible through the mop wringer/squeezer.

2. For non-buffable finishes (not fit for spray buffing), dip the mop in the
bucket of finishing chemical and then damp-mop the floor very lightly
Mop should be full but not dripping. For floors fit for buff able finish, mop
should be wring almost dry to make a thin coat

3. Start applying the finish in a corner of the room opposite the door or
work towards the door Coat the edges of an area small enough to be
covered easily before the finish begins to dry.
Materials Needed: Mop, mop wringer, finishing solution

4. Partition the area to be mopped and do mopping part by part. Re wet

the mop with a floor finish to make sure the finishing chemical is applied
evenly.
5. Continue to apply the finish covering each area before the adjoining
area is dry. To make a smooth even application, make sure all pores are
properly filled to lasting protection.
6. Allow at least one-hour drying time.
7. If necessary, apply another coat of finish, only after the first coat is
thoroughly dry.
8. To avoid contaminating the remaining contents, never return leftover
finish to the product container.
 Spray Buffing
- This is designed to retouch the gloss of the floor. Use it only in
areas that have become dull and have lost its glossy appearance.
Spray Buffing

1. Sweep the floor with dust mop and remove sticky deposits with a putty
knife or any appropriate scraper. It should not be sharp so as not to
cause damage.
2. For maximum ease or application, clean and restore the gloss of the
floor using a floor polisher and a spray gun puff finish.
3. Start at the far end corner of the surface and work backwards,
maneuvering the machine from left to right with over-lapping strokes,
covering the entire surface.
4. A corridor maybe done in a single left to right stroke.
5. If the surface is big, working in “lanes” is advised.
Floor Polishing Procedures

Cleaning Equipment and materials needed:

▸ Floor polisher
▸ Polishing pad
▸ Wax
▸ Soft broom and Dust pan
▸ Steel wool
▸ Mop
▸ Hand gloves
▸ Caution sign
Steps Procedures
1. Install a sign labeled “Caution, Place it in such a way that it can be
Wet Floor” easily seen.
2. Dip or dry-clean the floor Roll steel wool on the polishing pad. To remove scratches and dirt that
Insert or attach it to the brush.
3. Damp mop Start at the corner and mop when
the floor is a little bit wet.
4. Apply wax to the floor Pour wax directly to the mop and
start applying evenly to the floor. Let the wax to dry up before polishing
the wax stand for 10-15 minutes.
5. Polish the area Preferably use a polishing pad. If
the wax on the floor surface is too
thick, the floor should be wet-
scrubbed.
6. Sweep the area Use the soft broom and dust pan
moving from one corner to the
other.
Purpose/ Additional Information
This is warning signal designed to
prevent slips and accidents arising
from wet and slippery floors.
have penetrated the floors.
Start from the corner to make sure
that no portion is missed out. Mop
when wet so that dust and loose
soil can be easily absorbed.
There should be sufficient time for
to get better results.
To polish the floor evenly and make
it more shiny and presentable.
To pick up the remaining dirt and
dust that has loosened on the floor
surface.
Questions?
 Summary
What are your takeaways?
Prayer after the
Class