HEALTH CARE SYSTEM

IN INDIA
BY- BHUMIKA KADAM
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• SIGNIFICANCE OF HEALTH
• UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEMS IN THE INDIAN HEALTHCARE
SYSTEMS
• KNOW THE STATUS OF RIGHT TO HEALTH IN THE INDIAN
CONSTITUTION
• DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE HEALTH
SERVICES
 WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY HEALTH?

• HEALTH IS A STATE OF PHYSICAL, MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING IN

WHICH DISEASE AND INFIRMITY ARE ABSENT.
• HEALTH CAN BE PROMOTED BY ENCOURAGING HEALTHFUL ACTIVITIES, SUCH
AS PHYSICAL EXERCISE, AND BY REDUCING OR AVOIDING UNHEALTHFUL
ACTIVITIES, SUCH AS SMOKING.
• DO YOU KNOW THAT INDIA HAS THE LARGEST MEDICAL COLLEGES IN THE
WORLD AND IS THE LARGEST PRODUCER OF DOCTORS.
 ……
• WHY DO MOST OF THE DOCTORS PREFER TO SETTLE IN URBAN AREAS THAN
RURAL AREAS?
• ANS. MOST OF THE DOCTORS PREFER TO SETTLE IN URBAN AREAS DUE TO
BETTER INCENTIVES AND OPPORTUNITIES.
• LET’S LOOK ON TWO DIFFERENT HOSPITALS IN INDIA:
PUBLIC(GOVERNMENT) AND PRIVATE HOSPITALS
 PROBLEMS OF THE INDIAN
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM

Lack of Lack of Lack of

infrastructure awareness Doctors
•This problem is •This problem is
mainly found in •Lot of primary present mainly
Government health problems
hospitals, district in rural areas
can be solved if
hospitals, etc. It
effective training
as most of the
includes lack of doctors prefer
equipments, is provided to the
machines and local population. to settle in
trained doctors, Etc. urban areas.
 PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES

• PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES ARE PROVIDED BY GOVERNMENT. IT

INCLUDES GOVERNMENT HOSPITALS, DISPENSARIES, PRIMARY
HEALTH CENTRES, ETC.
• SIGNIFICANT FUNCTION OF PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES IS TO PREVENT
THE SPREAD OF DISEASES LIKE TB, MALARIA, ETC.
• BUT FOR THE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES TO BE EFFECTIVE, THE
COOPERATION OF PEOPLE IS MUST. FOR EX- TO PREVENT THE SPREAD
OF DISEASE LIKE DENGUE, MALARIA. PEOPLE SHOULD KEEP THEIR
SURROUNDINGS CLEAN.
 PRIVATE HEALTH SERVICES

Private health facilities are not

provided by the government.
Thus, they are very expensive
and unaffordable by all.
It includes private clinics,
Many private
hospitals, medicine shops and companies have
diagnostic centres in the urban their hospitals and
areas.
medical shops too.
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PUBLIC AND
PRIVATE HEALTH SERVICES
PRIVATE HEALTH
SERVICES
1. THEY ARE VERY EXPENSIVE AND
UNAFFORDABLE.
2. PRIVATE HEALTH FACILITIES ARE
NOT PROVIDED BY THE
GOVERNMENT. MANY PRIVATE
COMPANIES HAVE THEIR
HOSPITALS AND MEDICAL SHOPS.
3. PRIVATE HEALTH SERVICE ARE
ONLY FOUND IN URBAN AREAS.
PUBLIC HEALTH
SERVICES
1. IT PROVIDES SERVICES AT FREE
OF COST OR LOW COST.
2. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES ARE
PROVIDED BY GOVERNMENT.
3. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES ARE
FOUND IN BOTH URBAN AND
RURAL AREAS.
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PUBLIC AND
PRIVATE HEALTH SERVICES

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CONSTITUTION AND HEALTHCARE

Article 21 of the constitution

provides right to life to all the
Indian citizens. Right to health is
insured directly because if it is
violated, right to life is violated in
turn.
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 HEALTHCARE AND EQUALITY

• HTTPS://YOUTU.BE/ACD49Y6OZQM
 KERALA MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT

• KERALA HAS ACHIEVED A SUBSTANTIAL PROGRESS IN HEALTH IN SPITE OF BEING

A DEVELOPING STATE. THE INFANT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE IS VERY
LOW AND LIFE EXPECTANCY IS VERY HIGH IN KERALA.
• THE BASIS OF THE STATE’S IMPRESSIVE HEALTH STANDARDS IS THE STATEWIDE
INFRASTRUCTURE OF PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRES AND GREATER POWER TO THE
PANCHAYATS TO MAKE THEIR OWN DEVELOPMENT PLANS.
• THERE ARE OVER 2700 MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE STATES WITH 330 BEDS PER
100,000 POPULATIONS , THE HIGHEST IN THE COUNTRY.
• LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH IN KERALA IS 75 YEARS COMPARED TO 64 YEARS IN
INDIA AND 77 YEARS IN US.
 KERALA MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT

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 COSTA RICA HEALTH EXPERIENCE

• THE COSTA RICAN HEALTHCARE SYSTEM IS RATED VERY HIGHLY ON AN

INTERNATIONAL LEVEL, AND THE COUNTRY’S CITIZENS ENJOY THE HEALTH AND LIFE
EXPECTANCY EQUAL TO THAT OF DEVELOPED NATIONS.
• THE COSTA RICA’S PRIVATE HOSPITALS AND CLINICS OFFER HIGH-QUALITY MEDICAL
CARE AT A TINY FRACTION OF ITS US EQUIVALENT COST.
• PRESCRIPTION DRUGS, SICK VISITS, ETC ARE COVERED AT 80% COST AND SURGEON AND
AESTHETICIAN COSTS ARE COVERED AT FULL COST.
• MANY DRUGS ARE AVAILABLE IN COSTA RICA WITHOUT PRESCRIPTION, AND
PHARMACISTS CAN EASILY DIAGNOSE AND TREAT MANY COMMON PROBLEMS.
• IF IT IS NOT AN EMERGENCY, THE FIRST COURSE OF ACTION IS TO HEAD TO YOUR
NEIGHBORHOOD PHARMACY AND CONSULT WITH THE PHARMACIST ABOUT YOUR
AILMENT.
 COSTA RICA HEALTH EXPERIENCE

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T H ANK
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