Basic Number Skills

Program

• Race to 800 using 8x tables. Roll a dice

and multiply by 8. Continuously add the
number until you reach 800.
• Race to 900 using 9x tables. Roll a dice
and multiply by 9. Continuously add the
number until you reach 900.
 Chance

Lesson 1: Introduction to Chance and

Sample Space
Learning Intentions

• To determine the sample space for simple

experiments with equally likely outcomes
and assign probabilities to those outcomes.
Co-constructed Success Criteria

• I can construct sample spaces for single-step

experiments with equally likely outcomes.

• I can assign probabilities to the outcomes of events and

find probabilities for events.
 I do –
Chance
There are many different
events taking place in
everyday life that involve
chance. For example, what is
the chance of it raining
tomorrow? Is there a high
chance or low chance? Maybe
it is a 50-50 chance.
 Probability
• What is the probability of
our team winning
basketball on the
weekend?
• What is the chance dad
will take us to a movie?
• What is the probability
that mum cooks my
favourite pasta tonight?
• Others?
 We do – Sample
Space

A list of all possible outcomes is

called sample space and is
represented by the capital
letter S. The number of
outcomes in the sample space
is represented by n(S).
 We do –
Sample Space
Example: 
Tossing a coin:

S = {heads, tails}

n(S) = 2
S = {head, tail}
n(S) = 2/There is a total
of 2 possible outcomes.
 You do –
Sample Space

1. Tossing a single die:

2. Tossing 2 coins:

3. Choosing a letter
from the alphabet:

4. Choosing a playing
card:
Mangahigh

• List all possible

outcomes from a
single event.
Story of our Lesson
Basic Number Skills
Program

• Race to 1000 using 10x tables. Roll a dice

and multiply by 10. Continuously add the
number until you reach 1000.
 Chance

Lesson 2: Calculating Probability

Learning Intentions

• To determine the sample space for simple

experiments with equally likely outcomes
and assign probabilities to those outcomes.
Co-constructed Success Criteria

• I can construct sample spaces for single-step

experiments with equally likely outcomes.

• I can assign probabilities to the outcomes of events and

find probabilities for events.
 You do –
Mental
Routine

1. Tossing a coin:

2. Rolling a die:

3. Number of days in
October:
 Mental Routine
Decide whether the following statements are
true or false.

a) A certain lottery has 1000 tickets for sale. If

each person buys only 1 ticket, then
everyone has an equal chance of winning.
b) There are 7 teams in the Big Bash
League competition, and therefore each
team has an equal chance of winning the
competition.
c) 'Royal Sultan' is a 'certainty' to win the next
Melbourne Cup race in November.
I do – Probability

Mathematical rule for

probability:

P (event occuring) =
number of times an event
can occur ÷ total number
of possible outcomes
 We do
If we toss a die, what is the
probability of an even number
showing?
• S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
• n(S) = 6

The number of times ‘an even

number can occur is 3 times {2,
4, 6}
• 3÷6 or 1÷2 = 0.5 or 50%
(calculating percentages
using a calculator).
 You do - Solve probability questions
using the learnt formula.
a) If we toss a die, what is the probability of not getting the
number 6?

b) If a 6-sided die is tossed, what is the probability of tossing:

• An odd number?
• A number greater than 4?
• The number 6?

c)       Adam has 5 cricketing sports cards and 4 hockey sports

          cards. He asks his friend Ben to pick a card at random.
• What is the probability that Ben chooses a cricketing card?
• What is the probability that Ben chooses a hockey card?
• What is the probability that Ben chooses a cricketing or
hockey card?
• What is the probability that Ben chooses a tennis sporting
card?
 You do – Probability Problem
Solving
Malcom tosses 3 coins at the same time.
Let H = head and T = Tail.

a) List all the possible outcomes in the sample

space (S).
b) What is the value of n(S)?
c) What is the probability of tossing 3 heads?
d) What is the probability of tossing 2 heads
and 1 tail in any order?
e) If I toss the coin 200 times, how many times
would you expect one head and two tails to
occur (in any order)?
Mangahigh

• List all possible

outcomes from a
single event.
• List all possible
outcomes.
• Find the probability of
single events.
Story of our Lesson
Basic Number Skills
Program

• Race to 1100 using 11x tables. Roll a dice

and multiply by 11. Continuously add the
number until you reach 1100.
 Chance

Lesson 3: Spinners and Chance

You do –
Mental
Routine
1. What is the sample space (S) of the coloured sheep
shown above?

2. What is the number of outcomes in the sample space

n(S)?
I do –
Spinners
We do
• What is the sample space (S) of
this spinner?
• What is the number of outcomes
in the sample space n(S)?
• Are all the outcomes equally
likely?
• What is the probability of the
spinner falling on the letter D?
• What is the probability of the
spinner falling on a vowel?
• What is the probability of the
spinner falling on the letter C or
D?
You do –
Spinners
Memory
Game
Mangahigh

• List all possible

outcomes from a
single event.
• List all possible
outcomes.
• Find the probability of
single events.
Story of our Lesson
Basic Number Skills
Program

• Race to 1100 using 11x tables. Roll a dice

and multiply by 11. Continuously add the
number until you reach 1100.
 Chance

Lesson 4: Unequal Outcomes

You do –
Mental
Routine
Probability
Spinner
Memory
Game
 I do – Unequal Outcomes
So far, we have looked at some experiments that have equal
outcomes, or equal chances of happening. 
• The head and the tail on a coin have an equal chance of
showing.
• Each of the six numbers on a die have an equal chance of
showing.

However, not all chances are equal. 

 We do – Unequal Outcomes
The six-sided spinner below has been split into 3
segments, but each of the segments is a
different size.

2
3
 We do – Unequal
Outcomes
a) Are the chances of the spinner landing on each
number the same?
b) Which number is the spinner most likely to fall on?
c) Which number is the spinner least likely to fall on?
d) We can put exact fractions to the chances, if we split
up the spinner into equal segments.
e) What is the chance of the spinner landing on 1? 
f) What is the chance of the spinner landing on 3? 
g) What is the chance of the spinner landing on 2?
h) What is the chance of the spinner landing on 4? 
i) What is the chance of the spinner landing on 1, 2 or
3? 
 You do – Unequal
Outcomes

There are 26 boys and 14 girls

in our class. A name is picked
out of a hat to select a singer
for the upcoming Christmas
Concert.
• This this question, what is S and what is
n(S)?
• Find the probability that a boy is picked.
• Find the probability that a girl is picked.
Mangahigh

• List all possible

outcomes from a
single event.
• List all possible
outcomes.
• Find the probability of
single events.
Story of our Lesson