• Coenzyme Q10 is a molecule used by the human body during aerobic

cellular respiration, CoQ10 does much of its work in the mitochondria,

parts of the cell where energy is produced.

• CoQ10 is also an antioxidant: CoQ10 is the most fat-soluble

antioxidant, so that it protects areas with fats (like the linings of blood
vessels) against oxidative damage.
FOOD SOURCES

• The best sources of CoQ10 are fish, poultry, and meat. Nuts, soybean,
Other foods, including fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and eggs
contain some CoQ10.

• Most people probably consume less than 10 mg a day of CoQ10. As

examples, 3 ounces of fried chicken has 1.4 mg of CoQ10, while one
orange has 0.3 mg.
MECHANISM OF ACTION: HOW DOES IT WORK?

• CoQ10 is required for energy production in every cell. Most of its

work is in the mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell, to synthesize
ATP, which is a kind of fuel.

• CoQ10 accepts and then transfers electrons as needed. CoQ10 also

transfers protons. With these processes, energy in the form of ATP is
generated.
• It regulates permeability of a number of membranes, including the
mitochondrial pores.
• It can affect the amount of certain substances carried by a type of blood cell
called a monocyte.
• It has an effect on the lining of blood vessels called the endothelium.
• CoQ10 is able to cause alterations in yeast and bacteria.

Many of these actions have been understood because of what is found in

people with genetic deficiencies of CoQ10.
COMMON DOSAGES
• As a supplement, CoQ10 doses are usually between 30 to 100 mg a
day.
• As treatment for various conditions, doses of 100 mg to 300 mg may
be used. Doses above 100 mg should be split up.
• Doses as high as 3,000 mg a day have been used to treat Parkinson’s
disease.

CoQ10 is absorbed best when taken with a meal that contains fats.
Statin Administration

• CoQ10 and cholesterol share part of the same biochemical pathway,

and statin drugs lower cholesterol by blocking one of the steps.
• Patients on statins have low blood levels of CoQ10. They can also
have muscle pain, myopathy, and even break- down of muscle tissue
with myoglobin in the urine.
• Vitamin B Roles For Pregnancy Cheat Sheet
• B-1 (Thiamine): 1.4 mg – Supports baby’s healthy brain development
• B-2 (Riboflavin): 1.4 mg – Keeps eyes healthy and skin glowing
• B-3 (Niacin): 18 mg – Eases morning sickness, keeps nausea at bay and improves
digestion
• B-5 (Pantothenic Acid): 6 mg – Reduces leg cramps and helps produce essential
pregnancy hormones
• B-6 (Pyridoxine): 25 – 50 mg – Aids the development of baby’s nervous system and
brain (don’t exceed 100 mg)
• B-7 (Biotin): 30 mcg – Deficiency is often caused by pregnancy, so increased
consumption is vital
• B-9 (Folic Acid): 400 – 800 mcg – Plays a huge role in reducing the risk of birth
defects (don’t exceed 1000 mcg)
• B-12 (Cobalamin): 2.6 mcg – Maintains and supports the development of you and
your baby’s nervous system
• Evidence from this review suggests that studies showed a significant
relationship between statin intake and decreased serum levels of
CoQ10.
• CoQ10 supplementation might benefit those patients suffering from
statin-induced myopathy as evidenced by the results of these studies.
• Supplementation of CoQ10 at a dose of between 30 and 200 mg daily
has shown to have beneficial effects on statin myopathy with no
noted side effects.
Erytosav H
• Pregnant women need 27mg iron each day. Pregnant women should not
eat more than 45 mg iron each day. Eating too much iron can be toxic
and cause organ damage. Iron tablets (supplements) should only be
taken when a blood test has confirmed that your levels are low.
• Since Thiamine plays a major role in the development of your baby’s
brain, aim to consume 1.4 mg every day.
• Pregnancy can do some strange and frustrating things to our bodies, one
of which is painful leg cramps. Luckily, Pantothenic Acid vitamin B5 can
help to ease these cramps, so aim to consume 6 mg every day. It also has
the added benefit of producing important pregnancy hormones.
• Vitamin B3: Niacin
• Vitamin B-3 has a whole host of benefits for your body; it can improve digestion,
reduce nausea and take the edge off debilitating migraines. Aim for around 18 mg
every day.

• How Vitamin B3 Aids In Pregnancy

• Essential for your baby’s brain development
• Keeps nervous systems, mucous membranes, and skin healthy
• Improves digestion, eases nausea and can relieve painful migraines for mom
• Vitamin B5: Pantothenic Acid
• Pregnancy can do some strange and frustrating things to our bodies, one of
which is painful leg cramps. Luckily, vitamin B5 can help to ease these
cramps, so aim to consume 6 mg every day. It also has the added benefit of
producing important pregnancy hormones.

• What Vitamin B5 Aids In Pregnancy

• Helps metabolize fats, proteins, and carbohydrates
• Helps to prevent pregnancy-related muscle cramps
• Aids in the release of stress-relieving hormones
• Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
• Pyridoxine is vital for the development of your baby’s nervous system
and brain throughout each week of your pregnancy.
Part of its role in the body is to produce norepinephrine and
serotonin, two essential neurotransmitters which aid a whole host of
metabolic functions. Vitamin B6 during pregnancy can also help to
alleviate nausea and vomiting which are perhaps two of the very
worst early side effects of pregnancy.
• Vitamin B7: Biotin
• Pregnancy often causes a deficiency in vitamin B7, so make sure
you’re eating plenty of biotin-rich foods such as oats, milk,
mushrooms, and Swiss Chard. The US Food and Nutrition Board of the
National Academy of Science’s Institute of Medicine recommends at
least 30 mcg of vitamin B7 for pregnant women.
If you’re planning on breastfeeding, note that the recommended
intake for nursing moms is 35 mcg.

• What Vitamin B7 Aids in Pregnancy

• Helps hair loss, brittle nails, and skin rashes
• Essential to embryonic growth during your pregnancy
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid

• It’s fairly common knowledge that folic acid is one of the most important B
vitamins to take during pregnancy and for a very good reason. The proper
amount of folic acid reduces the risk of your baby developing neural tube birth
defects like spina bifida. It’s also responsible for helping to produce red blood
cells which are obviously important for both you and your growing baby.
You should be consuming 400 – 800 mcg (micrograms) of vitamin B9 every day
throughout your entire pregnancy, which translates to 0.4 – 0.8 mg
(milligrams). If you’re trying to conceive it’s also recommended that you
consume this same amount of folic acid (400 mcg pre-pregnancy is generally
fine) to maximize your chances of getting pregnant.
On top of this, try to increase your consumption of foods which naturally
contain the vitamin.
• Folic Acid Dosages Breakdown
• 400 mcg (0.4 mg) a day if you are trying to conceive
• 400 – 800 mcg (0.4 – 0.8 mg) a day during pregnancy
• Not to exceed 1000 mcg (1.0 mg) per day during pregnancy
• What Vitamin B9 Aids In Pregnancy
• Prevents NTDs (neural tube defects) like anencephaly (a brain defect) or
spina bifida (spinal cord defect). NTDs can develop at the earliest stage of
pregnancy, so it is important to be consuming folic acid from the time you
start trying to conceive.
• Reduces the risk of birth defects like cleft lip, cleft palate, some heart defects
• Reduces the risk of preeclampsia during pregnancy
• Important for the growth of the placenta, synthesis of DNA and the
development of the baby
• Essential for red blood cell production and helps prevent forms of anemia
• Vitamin B12: Cobalamin
• Vitamin B12 is important for maintaining the health of your nervous
system, but it’s also believed that when combined with folic acid
during pregnancy, B12 supplements can help to prevent spina bifida
and other spinal and central nervous system birth defects in your
baby, too.
You can find B12 in fortified foods (soy or soy milk), fish, poultry, eggs,
and milk and should aim for around 2.6 mcg (micrograms) per day,
but using supplements to achieve this intake will help.
• How Vitamin B12 Aids In Pregnancy
• Essential for baby’s neural tube formation, brain and spine development
• Together with Folate (B9), it works to produce DNA synthesis and red
blood cells
• Aids the development and functioning of your brain, nerves and blood
cells
• Helps improve your energy, mood and stress levels by aiding the
metabolization of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
• Helps maintain the normal central nervous system and neurological
functions by regulating the synthesis of myelin and fatty acids.
• Signs You Do Not Get Enough Vitamin B12
• For women of childbearing age, B12 deficiencies are quite rare, but if
they occur it increases the risk of your baby developing an NTD
(Neural Tube Defect). This is similar to problems that may result from
low B9 (folate).
• These serious birth defects can include:
• Anencephaly – the spinal cord and brain do not form properly
• Encephalocele – parts of the brain begins to push out
• Spina bifida – the baby’s spine does not form correctly
• How Vitamin B6 Aids In Pregnancy
• Helps to prevent low birth weight
• Essential to the development of your baby’s brain and nervous system
• Helps maintain blood glucose at healthy levels
• May help with morning sickness
• Vitamin B1: Thiamine
• Since Thiamine plays a major role in the development of your baby’s
brain, aim to consume 1.4 mg every day. Below are natural sources of
vitamin B1, so incorporate these foods into your diet to keep your
baby’s brain development on track.
• Vitamin B2: Riboflavin
• Riboflavin is essential for good eye health and it has the added benefit of giving your
skin a fresh, healthy glow – cue the compliments from friends and family about how
great you look during your pregnancy! This is also true for your baby.
As with all B vitamins, riboflavin is water-soluble and therefore not stored in your
body; this means you need to get a good, healthy dosage of around 1.4 mg each
day when pregnant compared to the usual 1.1 mg for non-pregnant women.

• What Vitamin B2 Aids In Pregnancy

• promotes good vision, healthy skin, the development and growth of baby’s bones,
muscles, and nerves.
• lowers risk of developing preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication
• How Vitamin B6 Aids In Pregnancy
• Helps to prevent low birth weight
• Essential to the development of your baby’s brain and nervous system
• Helps maintain blood glucose at healthy levels
• May help with morning sickness
UTICRAN
• One 2017 systematic review showed that consuming cranberry
products reduced the incidence of UTIs in women
with recurrent infections.[Another review of small clinical studies
indicated that consuming cranberry products could reduce the risk of
UTIs by 26% in otherwise healthy women.